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יִשְׂרָאֵל

Israel

BDB lists 3 entries for ‘Israel’ fuller range ↓

H3478 Strong's Hebrew
Yisrâʼêl Transliteration
/yis-raw-ale'/ Pronunciation
Usage in the Hebrew Bible 2,507 appearances

Compare with another word →

About this entry

At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.

“Israel” is the headline sense of the Hebrew name ישראל (Yisrâʼêl). Scripture first uses it in Genesis 32:28. It appears 2,231 verses across 34 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its most common vocabulary. The sections below give every occurrence and version rendering.

Gloss history

Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship

Strong's · 1890
Israel
Modern gloss
Israel
Strong's 1890 agrees
Strong's 1890 and current BDB scholarship align on this entry's primary sense — a good signal that the gloss above is unambiguous and stable. Download share card

About this word

Strong's H3478 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.

These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →

2,231
distinct verses
The word appears in 2,231 distinct verses.
34 / 39
OT books
The word appears in 34 of 39 Old Testament books.
Genesis 32:28
first appearance
The earliest occurrence is in Genesis 32:28.
Malachi 4:4
last appearance
The latest occurrence is in Malachi 4:4.
#16
by frequency
Top 25 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 16 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).

View all 2,231 occurrences in the concordance →


Most concentrated in

By section of the Old Testament

  • Pentateuch 533 · 24%
  • Historical 1,152 · 52%
  • Wisdom 63 · 3%
  • Prophets 483 · 22%

By traditional corpus

Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 2,231 distinct verses.

  • Prophets (Nevi'im) 1,317 verses · 59%
  • Torah (Pentateuch) 533 verses · 24%
  • Writings (Ketuvim) 381 verses · 17%

How translations render this word

Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).

BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.

  • King James Version: Israel 2,121×, All israel 113×, Over israel 63×
  • American Standard Version: Israel 2,017×, All israel 107×, Over israel 62×
  • Berean Standard Bible: Israel 1,723×, Israelites 104×, One of israel 26×
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text: Israel 2,399×, The 17×, Against israel 13×

King James Version Public Domain

Renders H3478 across 2,505 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Israel” 2,121×
  • “All israel” 113×
  • “Over israel” 63×
  • “Against israel” 34×
  • “Made israel” 16×
  • “Over all israel” 15×
  • “Israel's” 8×
  • “Israelites” 7×
  • “All the israelites” 6×
  • “Concerning israel” 6×
  • “Let israel” 5×
  • “Men of israel” 4×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 73 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

American Standard Version Public Domain

Renders H3478 across 2,505 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Israel” 2,017×
  • “All israel” 107×
  • “Over israel” 62×
  • “Against israel” 30×
  • “Children of israel” 15×
  • “Over all israel” 15×
  • “Wherewith he made israel” 15×
  • “House of israel” 9×
  • “Concerning israel” 7×
  • “Men of israel” 7×
  • “Thee” 6×
  • “God of israel” 5×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 130 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

Berean Standard Bible Public Domain

Renders H3478 across 1,998 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Israel” 1,723×
  • “Israelites” 104×
  • “One of israel” 26×
  • “Against israel” 17×
  • “Israel’s” 17×
  • “Had caused israel” 16×
  • “Over israel” 14×
  • “Israelite” 9×
  • “Let israel” 9×
  • “Israel to anger” 3×
  • “Any of the israelites” 2×
  • “Behalf of the israelites” 2×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 46 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 507 further occurrences.

unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0

Renders H3478 across 2,455 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Israel” 2,399×
  • “The” 17×
  • “Against israel” 13×
  • “And” 3×
  • “Israel is” 3×
  • “Were from israel” 3×
  • “People of israel” 2×

Plus 15 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.


7 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB

What do BDB’s symbols mean?

BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:

Symbol Meaning
𝔊 the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX)
𝔙 the Vulgate (the Latin translation)
𝔖 the Syriac version (the Peshitta)
𝔗 the Targum (the Aramaic translation)
ψ the Psalms
√ root (the underlying root or stem)
‖ parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel)
† the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited

The 7 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.

ישראל I , and deriv., v. sub i. שׂרה.

ישראל II

  • 1. n.pr.m. second name of Jacob Gn 32:29 + 28 times Gn (JE), Ex 32:13 (JE), Ho 12:13; Ju 18:29; Ex 6:14; Nu 1:20; 26:5 (all P), 2 K 17:34 1 Ch 1:34 + 8 times Chr, ψ 105:23; בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ru 4:11; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (lit.) Gn 42:5 + 3 times E, 2 times P + Ex 1:7 (P; transition to wider use), 1 K 18:31 1 Ch 2:1 +; = 12 tribes Ex 28:9 + 7 times P; אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיִשׂ׳ †1 K 18:36; 1 Ch 29:18; 2 Ch 30:6. e.g. Genesis 32:29
  • 2. n.pr.gent. (usually m. Ju 11:17 f. but f. 1 S 17:21; 2 S 24:9 [not ‖ 1 Ch 21:5], cf. Drad loc. AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 57 f.): name of Hebrew nation; usually der. from 1, but יִשׂ׳ more common in early usage than בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (v. בֵּן p. 120b): e.g. Judges 11:17
    • a. (1) undivided kingdom; יִשׂ׳ Gn 47:27 (J), 49:7 (poem in J) + 108 times JE, Dt 1:1; 18:6; 33:10 (poem) + 76 times D, Gn 34:7 Ex 12:15 + 42 times P; Ju 5:2, 7(×2) + 104 times Ju, often 1 and 2 S, 1 K 1–12; כָּל־יִשׂ׳ of whole people 2 S 8:15 +, of whole army 11:1 +, opp. Judah 2:9 + (so also later). (2) יִשׂ׳ = N. tribes, disting. from Judah, even before disruption, 2 S 2:9, cf. v 10 3:10; 4:1; 5:5; 12:7; 20:1 1 K 1:35; 4:20; 5:5 +; so at disruption 12:16(×3), 18, 19; then usually of N. kingdom, till its fall, v 28; 24:7, 10 + very often K, Am 1:1; 2:6; 3:14 +, Ho 1:5; 4:15(×2); 5:3(×2), 5 +, Mi 1:13, etc. (3) יִשׂ׳ of S. kingdom, Judah, rarely bef. fall of Samaria Is 1:3; 8:18 Mi 1:14, 15, so בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ 1 K 12:17; after fall of Sam., יִשׂ׳ (less often בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳) occurs of entire people, in reference to past or future 2 K 21:8; 23:22; Is 17:9 ψ 103:7; Je 2:3; 50:17, 19 +; יִשׂ׳ also = Judah Je 2:14, 31; 4:1 +, Ez 13:2, 4, 16; 14:1, 7, 9 +, Is 40:27; 41:8; 42:24 +, Ezr 2:59 = Ne 7:61, Ezr 2:70; 3:11 +, Ne 10:34; 10:3 +, ψ 14:7(×2) = 53:7(×2), 147:2; 149:2 +, etc. (4) usage in Chr: יִשׂ׳ of whole people 1 Ch 2:7 + 110 times, of N. kingdom 2 Ch 11:1 + 16 times, of Judah 12:6; 19:8 + 9 times (5) יִשׂ׳ personif. as עֶבֶד י׳, Is 44:1, 21; 49:3 e.g. Genesis 47:27
    • b. בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳, (1) of undiv. people Ex 1:12 (J), 3:9 (E) + 72 times JE, Dt 3:18; 10:6 + 25 times D, Gn 32:33 + 327 times P; Ju 1:1 + 60 times Ju; seld. 1 and 2 Sm, 1 K 1–12; in 13–2 K 25 pass. in ref. to older hist. (rarely otherwise). (2) seldom of N. kingdom Am 2:11 + 9 times Am Ho, 2 Ch 13:12 + 7 times Chr. (3) of Judah (late) Ez 2:3; Ne 1:6(×2) Ezr 3:1; Jo 4:16 +, 2 Ch 31:5. e.g. Exodus 1:12
    • c. בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ex 16:31; 40:38 + 142 times (v. בַּיִת 5 d (δ); 81 times Ez, where = Judah; v. especially 37:16); שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשׂ׳ Is 8:14. e.g. Exodus 16:31
    • d. other phrases, v. sub אִישׁ, אֶרֶץ, בַּת, בְּתוּלָה, גְּבוּל, הַר, כִּסֵּא, מֶלֶךְ, נטה) מַטֶּה), יעד) עֵדָה), עַם, שֵׁבֶט; also (in epith. of י׳) sub אָבִיר, אוֹר, אֱלֹהִים, I. גָּאַל, מֶלֶךְ, מִקְוֶה (I. קוה), i. צוּר (V. צור), קָדוֹשׁ, I. רָעָה 1 d (3).
    • e. יִשׂ׳ =the laity, opp. priests, etc. (late): Ezr 10:25; Ne 11:3; 1 Ch 9:2 כָּל־יִשׂ׳ Ezr 2:70; 10:5; הָעָם יִשׂ׳ 9:1; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ Ne 10:40, cf. שְׁאָר יִשׂ׳ 11:20. e.g. Ezra 10:25

Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.


Word origin

I. n.pr., and deriv., v. sub i. שׂרה.

II. n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (E†l persisteth, persevereth (or juss. Let E†l persist) [usually contendeth (NesEg 60 ff.) or Let E†l contend (GrayProp. N. 218), but v. DrHastDict. Bib. Jacob 530]; on vocalization v. LagBN 131 f. Kit 1 Ch 4:16 (Hpt); MI5, + 5 times ישראל; in Egyptian Y-si-r-ʾl SteindorffZAW xvi (1896), 331, cf. BreastedBib. World ix (1897), 62 ff. PatonSyriac and Pal. 134; Assyrian Sir-ʾ-lai (= יִשְׂרְאֵלִי) SchrKG 356 ff., 364; COT Gn 36:31, 1 K 16:29.—On a poss. relation of יִשׂ׳ to n.pr. שָׂרַי, שָׂרָה v. RSK 257, 2nd ed. 34;—cf. שְׂרָיָה(וּ));—Ισραηλ:

— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.

Derived from שרה (sârâh) (H8280) — to contend.

Part of speech: Proper Name Masculine


Jastrow Dictionary

A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.

יִשְׂרָאֵל

  • Israel.
  • 1. I. (Jacob), the patriarch. Gen. R. s. 68 י׳ סבא the patriarch I. the patriarch I. (not the people); a. fr.
  • 2. I., the people. Ber. 6ᵃ; a. fr.—שונאי י׳ the enemies of Israel, often euphem. for Israel. Ib. 32ᵃ נתמוטטו … של ש׳ י׳ the feet of Israel would totter (in judgment); a. fr.—V. כְּנֶסֶת.
  • 3. י׳ (= בן י׳) an Israelite, a) one not belonging to the priestly or levitic tribe; b) a Jew, opp. נכרי, גוי. Gitt. V, 8. Tosef. Kidd. V, 3; a. fr.—Tosef. Ab. Zar. III, 5, sq. Ab. Zar. II, 6; a. fr.—בַּת י׳ an Israelitish woman. Tosef. l. c. 1; 3; a. fr.—Pl. יִשְׂרְאֵלוֹת (opp. to כַּהֲנוֹת, לְוִיּוֹת). Tosef. Snh. IV, 2.

A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.


Forms in the corpus

The 83 distinct written forms H3478 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.

Form Parsing Example Uses
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Amos 1:1 477
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper Amos 4:12 371
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Noun, Proper Amos 3:1 355
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Amos 2:11 351
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 5:1 212
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל Noun, Proper Amos 3:12 155
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל Noun, Proper Daniel 1:3 89
יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל Noun, Proper Amos 1:1 50
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 25:10 34
יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל Noun, Proper Ezekiel 8:6 31
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 17:4 30
יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ Noun, Proper Amos 9:14 29
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 22:21 27
יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 21:8 26
יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל Noun, Proper Exodus 12:35 22
יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 34:8 13
יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל Noun, Proper Ezekiel 8:11 12
יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל Noun, Proper Ezekiel 14:4 12
יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ Noun, Proper 1 Chronicles 5:1 12
וְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Hosea 5:3 11
יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 33:28 11
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper 1 Chronicles 21:3 11
יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 31:7 9
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 33:10 9
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 17:12 9
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 34:10 8
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Ezra 4:3 8
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Noun, Proper Genesis 46:2 8
יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל Noun, Proper Psalms 50:7 7
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Noun, Proper 1 Samuel 4:21 6
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל Noun, Proper Ezekiel 39:11 5
וְ/יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper 1 Chronicles 1:34 5
יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל Noun, Proper Psalms 81:8 5
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Ezra 8:29 5
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Exodus 12:15 5
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Deuteronomy 19:13 5
וּ/לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Exodus 18:1 4
וְ/יִ֨שְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Amos 7:11 3
וְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper 1 Kings 18:36 3
וְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל Noun, Proper Hosea 5:5 3
יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל Noun, Proper Psalms 14:7 3
יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ Noun, Proper 1 Samuel 4:1 3
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Noun, Proper Ezekiel 20:5 2
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper 1 Kings 19:18 2
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל Noun, Proper 2 Chronicles 34:21 2
בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ Noun, Proper Ezekiel 14:7 2
וְ/יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Noun, Proper 1 Chronicles 29:18 2
וּ/בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל Noun, Proper Isaiah 44:23 2
יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל Noun, Proper Daniel 9:7 2
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל Noun, Proper Joshua 11:23 2
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל Noun, Proper Psalms 81:4 2
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל Noun, Proper Psalms 73:1 2
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל Noun, Proper 2 Chronicles 25:6 2
מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ Noun, Proper Hosea 8:6 2
ב/ישראל Noun, Proper 2 Samuel 10:9 1
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Noun, Proper 1 Chronicles 10:1 1
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל Noun, Proper Genesis 34:7 1
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל Noun, Proper Judges 20:21 1
בְ/יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Noun, Proper Psalms 78:21 1
בְּ/יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל Noun, Proper Psalms 78:5 1

The 60 most common forms are shown; 23 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.


Same root — word family

Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3478, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derives from

Shares the same root

Proper names from this root

People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.

Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 7 — not the complete family. 4 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.


Bible dictionary

Public-domain dictionary articles matched to this entry by name (Israel). A biblical name can be shared by more than one person or place, so an article may treat several.

Easton's Bible Dictionary · M. G. Easton, 1897

The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because "as a prince he had power with God and prevailed." (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob's descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called "Israelites," the "children of Israel" (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the "house of Israel" (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).

This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3; John 1:47; Rom. 9:6; 11:26).

After the death of Saul the ten tribes arrogated to themselves this name, as if they were the whole nation (2 Sam. 2:9, 10, 17, 28; 3:10, 17; 19:40-43), and the kings of the ten tribes were called "kings of Israel," while the kings of the two tribes were called "kings of Judah."

After the Exile the name Israel was assumed as designating the entire nation.

Smith's Bible Dictionary · William Smith, 1863

(the prince that prevails with God).

+ The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." + It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. + It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. + After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of their nation. The name Israel is also used to denote lay-men, as distinguished from priests, Levites and other ministers. (Ezra 6:16; 9:1; 10:25; Nehemiah 11:3) etc.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · Roswell D. Hitchcock, 1869

who prevails with God

Classic public-domain reference works; full attribution on Sources.


Septuagint verse parallels

This word appears in 2,113 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 2,231 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.

Read these verses in the Septuagint

This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.

Reading settings

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