2 Chronicles 34:21

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Go you, inquire of Yahweh for me, and for those who are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found; for great is the wrath of Yahweh that is poured out on us, because our fathers have not kept the word of Yahweh, to do according to all that is written in this book.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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נִתְּכָ֣ה

nâthak

H5413

“to pour out”

Verb, Niphal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular

Appears 21× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Exodus 9:33

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1442

to pour out or forth, drop (or rain), be poured, be poured out, be melted, be molten - (Qal) to pour forth - (Niphal) to be poured, be poured out - (Hiphil) to pour out, melt - (Hophal) to be melted

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

35: words
24: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is נִתְּכָ֣ה to pour out H5413 — appearing just 21 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

נִתְּכָ֣ה to pour out H5413 occurs in 19 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

8 verbs
12 nouns
1 adjective
1 pronoun
6 prepositions
1 conjunction
6 particles

Verb forms

לְכוּ֩ Qal · Imperative
דִרְשׁ֨וּ Qal · Imperative
הַנִּשְׁאָר֙ Niphal · Participle Active
נִמְצָ֑א Niphal · Perfect
נִתְּכָ֣ה Niphal · Perfect
שָׁמְר֤וּ Qal · Perfect
לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת Qal · Infinitive Construct
הַכָּת֖וּב Qal · Participle Passive

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

יְהוָ֜ה LORD H3068 ×3
עַל upon H5921 ×3
בַּעֲדִ֗י behind H1157 ×2
דִּבְרֵ֥י word H1697 ×2
הַסֵּ֖פֶר book H5612 ×2
אֲשֶׁ֣ר which H834 ×3

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 61 words from the Hebrew and 64 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 35 Hebrew tokens and 49 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 34:21 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

2 Chronicles 28:6 For Pekah the son of Remaliah killed in Judah one hundred twenty thousand in one day, all of them valiant men; because they had forsaken Yahweh, the God of their fathers.
Jeremiah 21:2 Please inquire of Yahweh for us; for Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon makes war against us: peradventure Yahweh will deal with us according to all his wondrous works, that he may go up from us.
Ezekiel 14:1–11 Then came certain of the elders of Israel to me, and sat before me.
Exodus 18:15 Moses said to his father-in-law, "Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
Leviticus 26:14–46 "'But if you will not listen to me, and will not do all these commandments;
Deuteronomy 28:15 But it shall come to pass, if you will not listen to the voice of Yahweh your God, to observe to do all his commandments and his statutes which I command you this day, that all these curses shall come on you, and overtake you.
Deuteronomy 29:18–28 lest there should be among you man, or woman, or family, or tribe, whose heart turns away this day from Yahweh our God, to go to serve the gods of those nations; lest there should be among you a root that bears gall and wormwood;
Deuteronomy 30:17–19 But if your heart turn away, and you will not hear, but shall be drawn away, and worship other gods, and serve them;

Deuteronomy 31:16–22 Yahweh said to Moses, Behold, you shall sleep with your fathers; and this people will rise up, and play the prostitute after the strange gods of the land, where they go to be among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.
Deuteronomy 32:15–25 But Jeshurun grew fat, and kicked: You have grown fat, you are grown thick, you are become sleek; Then he forsook God who made him, Lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
1 Samuel 9:9 (In earlier times in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, thus he said, Come, and let us go to the seer; for he who is now called a Prophet was before called a Seer.)
1 Kings 22:5–7 Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, Please inquire first for the word of Yahweh.
2 Kings 17:6–7 In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away to Assyria, and placed them in Halah, and on the Habor, the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes.
2 Kings 22:13 Go you, inquire of Yahweh for me, and for the people, and for all Judah, concerning the words of this book that is found; for great is the wrath of Yahweh that is kindled against us, because our fathers have not listened to the words of this book, to do according to all that which is written concerning us.
2 Chronicles 29:8 Therefore the wrath of Yahweh was on Judah and Jerusalem, and he has delivered them to be tossed back and forth, to be an astonishment, and a hissing, as you see with your eyes.
2 Chronicles 33:11 Therefore Yahweh brought on them the captains of the host of the king of Assyria, who took Manasseh in chains, and bound him with fetters, and carried him to Babylon.

Isaiah 37:2–4 He sent Eliakim, who was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah the prophet the son of Amoz.
Jeremiah 42:2 and said to Jeremiah the prophet, Let, we pray you, our supplication be presented before you, and pray for us to Yahweh your God, even for all this remnant; for we are left but a few of many, as your eyes do see us:
Ezekiel 20:1–7 It happened in the seventh year, in the fifth [month], the tenth [day] of the month, that certain of the elders of Israel came to inquire of Yahweh, and sat before me.
Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness,
Romans 2:8–12 but to those who are self-seeking, and don't obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, will be wrath and indignation,
Romans 4:15 For the law works wrath, for where there is no law, neither is there disobedience.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 34:21 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

לְכוּ֩ דִרְשׁ֨וּ אֶת יְהוָ֜ה בַּעֲדִ֗י וּבְעַד֙ הַנִּשְׁאָר֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וּבִֽיהוּדָ֔ה עַל דִּבְרֵ֥י הַסֵּ֖פֶר אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִמְצָ֑א כִּֽי גְדוֹלָ֤ה חֲמַת יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִתְּכָ֣ה בָ֔נוּ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא שָׁמְר֤וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֨ינוּ֙ אֶת דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת כְּכָל הַכָּת֖וּב עַל הַסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה

Go you, inquire of Yahweh for me, and for those who are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found; for great is the wrath of Yahweh that is poured out on us, because our fathers have not kept the word of Yahweh, to do according to all that is written in this book.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 34:21 Septuagint · lemma form

πορεύομαι ζητέω ὁ κύριος περί ἐγώ καί περί πᾶς ὁ καταλείπω ἐν ἰσραήλ καί ἰουδά περί ὁ λόγος ὁ βιβλίον ὁ εὑρίσκω ὅτι μέγας ὁ θυμός κύριος ἐκκαίω ἐν ἐγώ διότι οὐ εἰςἀκούω ὁ πατήρ ἐγώ ὁ λόγος κύριος ὁ ποιέω κατά πᾶς ὁ γράφω ἐν ὁ βιβλίον οὗτος

Go, enquire of the Lord for me, and for every one that is left in Israel and Juda, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the Lord which has been kindled among us, because our fathers have not listened to the words of the Lord, to do according to all the things written in this book.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 34:21 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Thus the godly do not only lament their own sins, but also that their fathers and predecessors have offended God.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(21) Go, enquire of the Lord.—The verse is virtually identical with 2Ki_22:13.

For them that are left . . . Judah.—An alteration of, “and for the people and for all Judah” (Kings). The chronicler thinks of the remnant in the northern kingdom.

Poured out.—Kings, “kindled against.” (So LXX.) This was probably the original reading, as the wrath which Josiah dreaded had not yet been poured out upon Judah. But the chronicler remembered the ruin of the ten tribes.

Kept.—Kings, “hearkened to” shamĕ’û, as here, instead of shâmĕrû; and so LXX. and Syriac.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

21. Go] R.V. go ye (as in 2 Kin.).

that is poured out upon us] In 2 Kin. “that is kindled against us,” so LXX. ἐκκέκαυται. Cp. here, 2Ch_34:25 (note).

after all] R.V. according until all (cp. 2Ch_28:3).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

For them, that are left in Israel and in Judah - Compare the words in Kings 2Ki 22:13. in both records the intention is to show that the king regarded the ten tribes as being under his care, no less than the two.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

For me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah. The parallel shows, "For me, and for the people, and for all Judah", (2Ki_22:13) without any apparent specific reference to Israel. Our present passage may intend to glance at the fact that the bettor part of Israel were in captivity; and it will be possible, at any rate, to read the last clause as intending, not "for them that are left in Judah," but "and for them in Judah." That is poured out; Hebrew, hkjgi. The parallel shows, "that is kindled;" Hebrew, hjxni. The considerable resemblance between the Hebrew words is worthy of passing note.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

which has been poured upon us Since wrath is [compared to] fire, the term pouring applies to it, and a similar instance is below (verse 25): “My wrath shall be poured down upon this place, and it shall not be quenched.”

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 35 words (24 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is nâthak (“to pour out”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word nâthak carries the sense “to pour out.” How does it shape the verse?
Exodus 9:33 shares the word «to pour out» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“LORD” occurs 3× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
The verb «לְכוּ֩» is Qal Imperative. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Geneva Bible (1599) and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 35 Hebrew ↔ 49 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 21 words in this verse.
“LORD” occurs 3× in this single verse.
24 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 35 words in this verse.