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תָּ֫וֶךְ

midst

‘midst’ is one of 5 main senses fuller range ↓

H8432 Strong's Hebrew
tâvek Transliteration
/taw'-vek/ Pronunciation
Usage in the Hebrew Bible 420 appearances

Compare with another word →

About this entry

At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.

“midst” is the headline sense of the Hebrew noun תוך (tâvek). Translators differ — “midst” in the King James Version, then “midst of” (unfoldingWord Literal Text), as the renderings breakdown shows. It turns up in 390 verses across 27 books, a common footprint. It concentrates in Ezekiel, which alone accounts for 27% of its uses. Catalogued under 5 senses, its meaning is not single-sense. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.

Gloss history

Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship

Strong's · 1890
among
Modern gloss
midst
Strong's 1890 sometimes compressed multiple senses — or homonymous roots — under one number, and used 19th-century English phrasing that no longer carries the same connotation. The modern gloss reflects current BDB scholarship; open the Lexicon Entry tab for the full sense breakdown. Download share card

About this word

Strong's H8432 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.

These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →

390
distinct verses
The word appears in 390 distinct verses.
27 / 39
OT books
The word appears in 27 of 39 Old Testament books.
Genesis 1:6
first appearance
The earliest occurrence is in Genesis 1:6.
Zechariah 8:8
last appearance
The latest occurrence is in Zechariah 8:8.
#119
by frequency
Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 119 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).

View all 390 occurrences in the concordance →


Most concentrated in

By section of the Old Testament

  • Pentateuch 123 · 32%
  • Historical 84 · 22%
  • Wisdom 29 · 7%
  • Prophets 154 · 39%

By traditional corpus

Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 390 distinct verses.

  • Prophets (Nevi'im) 221 verses · 57%
  • Torah (Pentateuch) 123 verses · 32%
  • Writings (Ketuvim) 46 verses · 12%

How translations render this word

Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).

  • King James Version: Midst 170×, Among 118×, Within 17×
  • American Standard Version: Midst 154×, Among 83×, Within 17×
  • Berean Standard Bible: Among 83×, Among them 30×, Middle 30×
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text: Midst of 135×, Midst 92×, Middle of 28×

King James Version Public Domain

Renders H8432 across 411 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Midst” 170×
  • “Among” 118×
  • “Within” 17×
  • “Shall be in the midst” 9×
  • “Is in the midst” 7×
  • “Middle” 7×
  • “In” 5×
  • “Is among” 5×
  • “Were in it” 4×
  • “Between” 3×
  • “Therein” 3×
  • “Are among” 2×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 47 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 4 further occurrences.

American Standard Version Public Domain

Renders H8432 across 407 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Midst” 154×
  • “Among” 83×
  • “Within” 17×
  • “Among them” 10×
  • “In” 6×
  • “Middle” 6×
  • “Is in the midst” 5×
  • “It” 4×
  • “Midst thereof” 4×
  • “Shall be in the midst” 4×
  • “Were in it” 4×
  • “Among you” 3×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 71 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

Berean Standard Bible Public Domain

Renders H8432 across 379 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Among” 83×
  • “Among them” 30×
  • “Middle” 30×
  • “Among you” 22×
  • “In” 20×
  • “Within” 19×
  • “Midst” 17×
  • “From” 16×
  • “Inside” 14×
  • “Of” 14×
  • “Center” 12×
  • “Through” 8×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 36 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 38 further occurrences.

unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0

Renders H8432 across 404 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Midst of” 135×
  • “Midst” 92×
  • “Middle of” 28×
  • “Among” 22×
  • “In” 9×
  • “Middle” 8×
  • “Among them” 7×
  • “Midst of it” 7×
  • “Midst of them” 7×
  • “Within” 6×
  • “Among you” 3×
  • “Is in the middle of” 3×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 51 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.


Senses in BDB

The 5 senses BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.

  1. midst, middle
  2. into, through (after verbs of motion)
  3. among (of a number of persons)
  4. between (of things arranged by twos)
  5. from among (as to take or separate etc)

Word origin

subst. midst (NH id., also denom. תִּוֵּוךְ; √ unknown; not apparently in cognate languages);—abs. תָּ֫וֶךְ Gn 15:10 +; cstr. תּוֹךְ 1:6 +; תּוֹכִי, תּוֹכוֹ, etc., 2 fs. תּוֹכֵ֫כִי †ψ 116:19; 135:9, תּוֹכֹה †Ez 48:15, 2f, תּוֹכֲכֶם Gn 23:9 +, תּוֹכָ֑הְנָה † Ez 16:53 (Ges§ 91 f);—midst, whether of a space or place, a number of people or things, or of a line: abs. †Ju 16:29 עַמּוּדֵי הַתָּוֶךְ = the middle columns, Je 39:3 שַׁעַר הַתּ׳, בַּתָּוֶךְ Gn 15:10 וַיְבַתֵּר אֹתָם בַּתּ׳, Nu 35:5 וְהָעִיר בַּתָּוֶךְ, Jos 8:22 Ju 15:4 Is 66:17 אַחַר אֶחָד בַּתָּוֶךְ; cstr. 1 K 8:64 קִדַּשׁ הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־ תּוֹךְ הֶחָצֵר, Ez 15:4 וְתוֹכוֹ נָחָר; usually c. prep., as בְּ (often = an emph. in, in the very heart and midst of), Gn 1:6 בְּתוֹךְ הַמַּיִם, 2:9 בְּת׳ הַגָּן, 9:21 בְּת׳ אָהֳלֹה, 18:24 בְּת׳ הָעִיר, 37:7 בְּת׳ הַשָּׂדֶה, Ex 11:4 אני יוצא בת׳ מצרים, 39:3, Jos 8:9 בְּת׳ הָעָם, Ju 7:16 בת׳ הַכַּדִּים, 1 K 3:20 בְּת׳ הַלַּיְלָה; בְּתוֹכָהּ (of land or city) Nu 13:32 Is 7:6, etc.; in Ez בְּתוֹכֵךְ, בְּתוֹכָהּ, etc., of sins done, or judgment to be wrought, in the very midst of Jerusalem, Ez 5:8, 10; 9:4; 22:3, 7, 9, 13 +; בְּת׳ מֵעַי ψ 22:15, 40:9 תּוֹרָֽתְךָ בְּת׳ מֵעָ֑י, בְּת׳ לִבִּי v 11, cf. Pr 4:21; after verbs of motion, = into Ex 14:27 1 S 9:14, = through Ex 14:29; Nu 33:8; Ez 9:4; Ne 9:11; of a number of persons = among (not necess. of the actual middle), Gn 40:20 בְּת׳ עֲבָדָיו, בְּתוֹכֵנוּ 23:6, בְּתוֹכָם 1 S 10:10; Jb 1:6, etc., הַגָּר בְּתוֹכֲכֶם Lv 17:8, 10, 13 +; = between (of things arranged by twos) Ex 39:25; in P often (12 times) of the divine presence, or dwelling, in the midst of Isr., Ex 25:8; 29:45, 46; Lv 15:31; 16:16 + (CarpenterHex. i. 209, ed. 2, 410; JED in such cases have always קֶרֶב), so Ez 37:26, 28; 43:7, 9, cf. Hg. 2:5; מִן, as Gn 19:29 מִתּוֹךְ הַהֲפֵכָה, Ex 3:2 מִתּ׳ הַסְּנֶה, 33:11 לֹא יָמִישׁ מִתּ׳ הָאֹהֶל, Dt 4:12 + מִתּ׳ הָאֵשׁ, 1 S 15:6 רְדוּ מִתּ׳ עֲמָלֵק; = from among, as to take, separate, etc., מִתּוֹכָם, מִתּ׳ הָעָם, etc., Ex 7:5; 28:1; Nu 3:12; 4:2, 18; 16:21, 33; 17:10; 19:20 (all P) +; אֶל, as Ex 14:23 ויבאו … אֶל־תּוֹךְ הַיָּם, Lv 11:33; Nu 17:12 וַיָּרָץ אֶל־תּ׳ הַקָּהָל, 19:6 Dt 21:12 וַהֲבֵאתָהּ אֶל־תּ׳ בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ, 22:2; 23:11; 2 S 3:27; Je 21:4 +; עַד 2 S 4:6; מֵעַל †Ez 11:23.—תוך is used by most writers, occ. c. 8–10 times in many books, but is especially frequent in P (c. 106 times) and Ez (116 times). Syn. קֶרֶב, q.v.

— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.

Origin: from an unused root meaning to sever

Part of speech: Noun Masculine TWOT: 2498


Jastrow Dictionary

A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.

תָּוֶוךְ

  • (b. h.) middle. Num. R. s. 149 כנגד שני עמודי הת׳ אשר הפיל corresponding to the two middle pillars which he (Samson) pulled down. Y. Erub. V, 22ᶜ שער הת׳ the Middle Gate, name of a Temple gate.—V. תּוֹךְ.

תָּוֶךְ

  • , v. תָּוֶוךְ, a. תּוֹךְ II.

תָּוַךְ

  • , Pi. תִּוֵּוךְ, v. תִּוֵּוךְ.

תּוֹךְ I

  • tokh, the sound of boiling. Ber. 39ᵃ יתיב … ועביד ת׳ ת׳ it stands on the stove and makes tokh tokh (boils thoroughly); Erub. 29ᵃ. Pes. 74ᵃ ר"י קוריהו ת׳ ת׳ R. J. called it (the kid roasted with its loose pieces inside) tokh tokh (boiled); v., however, תַּכְבְּרָא.

תּוֹךְ II

  • , constr. תּוֹךְ)
  • 1. middle, inside, receptacle. Kel. XXVII, 1 כל שאין לו ת׳ וכ׳ earthen vessels which have no inside (receptacle), have no back, i.e. their back is not susceptible of levitical uncleanness. Ib. XXV, 2. Ib. 4 כלי שנטמאו … לא נטמא תוֹכוֹ if the outside of a vessel has become unclean, its inside is not affected thereby. Yoma 72ᵇ, v. בַּר I; a. fr.—Pl. תּוֹכוֹת. Gitt. 20ᵃ חק ת׳, v. חָקַק.
  • 2. (prep.) in, into, within. Nidd. 45ᵇ ת׳ זמן within the period (during the year of developing puberty); B. Bath. 155ᵇ. Ib. 5ᵃ פרעתיך בת׳ זמני I paid thee within my appointed time (before the debt was due). Dem. VII, 5 בת׳ ביתו in his house. Kil. I, 8 לת׳ האבטיח into a melon; a. v. fr.–ת׳ כדי דיבור, v. דַּי.—מִתּ׳ immediately from, through, because of. Ber. V, 1 מת׳ כובד ראש in a mood of humility, v. כּוֹבֶד. Ib. 31ᵃ אין … לא מת׳ דין וכ׳ you must not rise for prayer immediately after giving judgment, or after an undecided discussion &c. Ib. מת׳ עצבות from a mood of grief. Pes. 50ᵇ מת׳ שלא לשמה, v. שֵׁם; Naz. 23ᵇ.—Shebu. 32ᵇ, a. fr. מת׳ שאינו יכול לישבע וכ׳ because he cannot make oath, he must pay. Bets. 12ᵃ, a. e. מת׳ שהותרה הוצאה וכ׳ since carrying for an immediate need (on the Holy Bay) has once been permitted, it has also been permitted for a less immediate need; a. v. fr.

תּוּךְ

  • to press, make to suffer, punish, v. תְּכַךְ I.

A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.


Forms in the corpus

The 108 distinct written forms H8432 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.

Form Parsing Example Uses
בְּ/ת֣וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 11:3 61
בְּ/ת֥וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 11:4 49
בְּ/ת֖וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 32:51 36
מִ/תּ֣וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 4:12 23
תּ֣וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 13:16 14
מִ/תּ֥וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Amos 6:4 13
בְּ/תוֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 19:6 12
בְּ/תוֹכָֽ/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 25:8 12
מִ/תּ֖וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 14:9 10
בְ/תוֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 17:16 8
בְּ/תוֹכָ֑/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 29:21 8
בְּ/תוֹכָ֔/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Amos 3:9 7
בְּ/ת֨וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 29:12 5
בְּ/תוֹךְ֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 32:51 5
בְּ/תוֹכָֽ/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 9:4 5
בְּ/תוֹכֽ/וֹ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 48:8 5
בְּ/תוֹכְ/כֶֽם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 12:49 4
בְּ/תוֹכָ֔/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Joshua 20:9 4
בְּ/תוֹכָ֖/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 28:33 4
תּ֖וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 14:23 4
תּ֥וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 3:16 4
בְ/תוֹכָ֑/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 29:46 3
בְ/תוֹכָֽ/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 22:25 3
בְ/תוֹכָֽ/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 2:5 3
בְּ/תוֹכֵ֔/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 5:10 3
בְּ/תוֹכָ/הּ֒ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 14:16 3
בְּ/תוֹכָ֑/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Nehemiah 7:4 3
בַּ/תָּ֔וֶךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Genesis 15:10 3
מִ/תּ֤וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 5:22 3
ב/תוכ/ה Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 48:15 2
בְ/תוֹכֵ֔/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 5:12 2
בְ/תוֹכָ֖/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 11:11 2
בְּ/ת֛וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 31:14 2
בְּ/ת֣וֹכְ/כֶ֔ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Leviticus 26:12 2
בְּ/תֽוֹכְ/כֶ֑ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 6:7 2
בְּ/תוֹכ֑/וֹ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 28:32 2
בְּ/תוֹכְ/כֶ֑ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Haggai 2:5 2
בְּ/תוֹכְ/כֶ֖ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Genesis 23:9 2
בְּ/תוֹכֵ֑/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 22:7 2
בְּ/תוֹכֵ֑/נוּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Joshua 22:19 2
בְּ/תוֹכֵ֣/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 7:4 2
בְּ/תוֹכָ/ם֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 8:11 2
בְּ/תוֹכָ֖/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 22:3 2
וּ/בְ/ת֣וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 39:3 2
וּ/בְ/ת֥וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Isaiah 41:18 2
וּ/בְ/תוֹךְ֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Isaiah 6:5 2
וּ/מִ֨/תּוֹכָ֔/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 1:4 2
מִ/תּֽוֹכְ/ךָ֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 28:18 2
מִ/תּוֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Deuteronomy 4:33 2
מִ/תּוֹךְ֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Numbers 3:12 2
מִ/תּוֹכָ֔/הּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 11:9 2
מִ/תּוֹכָֽ/ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Exodus 7:5 2
תּ֤וֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 2 Chronicles 7:7 2
בְ/תֹכְ/כֶ֖ם Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Numbers 32:30 1
בְ/תֽוֹךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 1:1 1
בְ/תוֹכֵ֖/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Zechariah 2:10 1
בְ/תוֹכֵ֛/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 5:8 1
בְ/תוֹכֵ֣/נוּ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Joshua 22:31 1
בְ/תוֹכֵֽ/ךְ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 22:9 1
בְ/תוֹכָ/הּ֙ Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct Ezekiel 24:11 1

The 60 most common forms are shown; 48 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.


Same root — word family

Other BDB entries built from the same root as H8432, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derived from this word

Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.


Septuagint verse parallels

This word appears in 368 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 390 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.

Read these verses in the Septuagint

This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.

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