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דָבַר

to speak

also: declare, converse, command, promise fuller range ↓

H1696 Strong's Hebrew
dâbar Transliteration
/daw-bar'/ Pronunciation
Usage in the Hebrew Bible 1,144 appearances

Compare with another word →

About this entry

At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.

דבר (dâbar) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to speak.” Translators differ — “spake” in the King James Version, then “spoke” (unfoldingWord Literal Text), as the renderings breakdown shows. With 1,049 verses in 36 books, it is one of the most common word in the Hebrew Bible. It first appears in Genesis 8:15. Read the stem: it spans 6 stems, including Qal and Niphal. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.

Gloss history

Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship

Strong's · 1890
answer
Modern gloss
to speak
Strong's 1890 sometimes compressed multiple senses — or homonymous roots — under one number, and used 19th-century English phrasing that no longer carries the same connotation. The modern gloss reflects current BDB scholarship; open the Lexicon Entry tab for the full sense breakdown. Download share card

About this word

Strong's H1696 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.

These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →

1,049
distinct verses
The word appears in 1,049 distinct verses.
36 / 39
OT books
The word appears in 36 of 39 Old Testament books.
Genesis 8:15
first appearance
The earliest occurrence is in Genesis 8:15.
Malachi 3:16
last appearance
The latest occurrence is in Malachi 3:16.
#33
by frequency
Top 50 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 33 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).

View all 1,049 occurrences in the concordance →


Most concentrated in

By section of the Old Testament

  • Pentateuch 389 · 37%
  • Historical 287 · 27%
  • Wisdom 107 · 10%
  • Prophets 266 · 25%

By traditional corpus

Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1,049 distinct verses.

  • Prophets (Nevi'im) 486 verses · 46%
  • Torah (Pentateuch) 389 verses · 37%
  • Writings (Ketuvim) 174 verses · 17%

How translations render this word

Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).

  • King James Version: Spake 229×, Speak 139×, He spake 43×
  • American Standard Version: Spake 240×, Speak 114×, He spake 44×
  • Berean Standard Bible: Speak 126×, Said 120×, Spoke 72×
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text: Spoke 232×, Speak 183×, And 143×

King James Version Public Domain

Renders H1696 across 1,143 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Spake” 229×
  • “Speak” 139×
  • “He spake” 43×
  • “Hath spoken” 40×
  • “Speaking” 28×
  • “Said” 26×
  • “Have spoken” 19×
  • “Speaketh” 19×
  • “Talked” 19×
  • “Had spoken” 16×
  • “Thou hast spoken” 16×
  • “I spake” 15×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 204 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

American Standard Version Public Domain

Renders H1696 across 1,137 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Spake” 240×
  • “Speak” 114×
  • “He spake” 44×
  • “Hath spoken” 30×
  • “Speaking” 20×
  • “Thou hast spoken” 20×
  • “Speaketh” 18×
  • “Had spoken” 15×
  • “I spake” 14×
  • “Thou shalt speak” 14×
  • “I will speak” 13×
  • “Said” 13×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 244 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

Berean Standard Bible Public Domain

Renders H1696 across 1,112 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Speak” 126×
  • “Said” 120×
  • “Spoke” 72×
  • “Speaking” 34×
  • “Has spoken” 32×
  • “Tell” 29×
  • “Have spoken” 27×
  • “Had spoken” 25×
  • “Speaks” 23×
  • “Spoken” 18×
  • “I have spoken” 17×
  • “Say” 17×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 225 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 26 further occurrences.

unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0

Renders H1696 across 1,330 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Spoke” 232×
  • “Speak” 183×
  • “And” 143×
  • “He spoke” 65×
  • “Speaking” 59×
  • “Has spoken” 48×
  • “Had spoken” 29×
  • “You have spoken” 23×
  • “They spoke” 20×
  • “I spoke” 19×
  • “Spoken” 19×
  • “You shall speak” 19×

Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 112 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.


24 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB

Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses Pual (the passive of Piel) and Hithpael (reflexive or reciprocal).

What do BDB’s symbols mean?

BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:

Symbol Meaning
𝔊 the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX)
𝔙 the Vulgate (the Latin translation)
𝔖 the Syriac version (the Peshitta)
𝔗 the Targum (the Aramaic translation)
ψ the Psalms
√ root (the underlying root or stem)
‖ parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel)
† the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited

The 24 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.

Qal

  • only inf. (once?) & pt.: Inf. sf. בְּדָרְרֶ֑ךָ (by attraction to בְּשָׁפְטֶ֑ךָ for usual Piel) ψ 51:6; Pt. דֹּבֵר Ex 6:29 + 30 times; pl. דֹּבְרִים Nu 36:5 ψ 109:20; cstr. דֹּבְרֵי ψ 5:7 + 3 times; f. דֹּבְרוֹת Nu 27:7 ψ 31:19; pass. דָּבֻר Pr 25:11;—speak, abs. Nu 27:7; 32:27; 36:5 (P) ψ 51:6 (?); דָּבָר דָּבֻר word spoken Pr 25:11; with acc. rei דֹּבֵר דָּבָר speaking a word Jb 2:13; אמת ψ 15:2, תמים Am 5:10, (מ) ישׁרים Pr 16:13; Is 33:15, צדק Is 45:19, שׁלום Est 10:3 ψ 28:3, שׁקר(ים) ψ 63:12; 101:7; Je 40:16, כזב ψ 5:7; 58:4, רע ψ 109:20, נבלה Is 9:16, הַוַּת נפשׁו Mi 7:3; with אֶל of person, unto Gn 16:13 (J) Ex 6:29 (P) Je 38:20; 40:16 Dn 10:11 Jon 3:2; בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Dt 5:1; Je 28:7; עַל concerning, about ψ 31:19; 109:20; Je 32:42 (sometimes rendered against, but dub.); עִם with ψ 28:3; הַמַּלְאָךְ הַדֹּבֵר בִּי the angel that spake with me (as a prophet, an instrument of communicating with Israel) Zc 1:9, 13, 14; 2:2, 7; 4:1, 4, 5; 5:5, 10; 6:4 (vid. prep. בְּ III. 2 Ew§ 217 f. (3)). e.g. Psalms 51:6

Niphal

  • Pf. נִדְבְּרוּ Mal 3:16, נִדְבָּ֑רוּ ψ 119:23, נִדְבַּרְנוּ Mal 3:13; Pt. הַנִּדְבָּרִים Ez 33:30; reciprocal sense, speak with one another, talk, abs. Mal 3:16; with בְּ, against ψ 119:23; Ez 33:30; with עַל, concerning, about Mal 3:13 (RV against, vid. Ew § 217 i.) e.g. Malachi 3:16

Piel

  • Pf. דִּבֶּר Gn 12:4 +, דִּבֵּ֑ר Gn 21:1 + (on דִּבֶּ֑ר Ex 12:25 Dt 26:19 v. Bö§ 1021 d (1) Köi 188); Impf. יְדַבֵּר Gn 44:7 +, יְדַבֶּר־ Gn 44:18 +; תְּדַבְּרוּן Gn 32:20, תְּדַבֵּר֑וּן ψ 58:2; Imv. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:38 +, דַּבֶּר־ Ex 11:2 +; Inf. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:50 +, דַּבֶּר־ Is 59:13 +; Pt. מְדַבֵּר Gn 27:6 +; f. מְדַבֶּרֶת 1 S 1:13 +;—(הַדִּבֵּר Je 5:13, inf. Ki 48, prob. Ol§ 182 e Kö§ 23 (5), perhaps MV; but more prob. a noun, as Ges§ 52 (2), Anm. 3 Ew§ 156 a, dub. pf. as Sta§ 222; בְּיוֹם דִּבֶּר Ex 6:28 Nu 3:1 Dt 4:15; תְּחִלַּת דִּבֶּר־ Ho 1:2, inf. Ki48 Bö§ 987 (7) Kö§ 23 (5); but more prob. pf., as Ges§ 52 (2), Anm. 3);—speak, e.g. Genesis 12:4
  • 1. abs. Dt 18:17 + (throughout the literature) usually with לֵאמֹר, less freq. וַיֹּאמֶר: 2 K 18:28 +, cf. the phrases †דברתי (י׳) אני Ez 5:13 + 18 times Ez; †כי י׳ דבר Is 1:2; 21:17; 22:25; 24:3; 25:8; Je 13:15; Jo 4:8; Ob 18; †כי פי י׳ דבר Is 1:20; 40:5; 58:14; Mi 4:4; †פי ידבר ψ 49:4; †(י)דבר פי ψ 66:14; 145:21; †השׁכם ודבר Je 17:13; 25:3; 35:14; †עוד זה מדבר Jb 1:16, 17, 18. e.g. Deuteronomy 18:17
  • 2. with acc. rei, very frequently, ד׳ את הדברים האלה Ex 20:1 Dt 5:19 +; לָמָּה תְּדַבֵּר עוֹד דְּבָרֶיךָ why speakest thou any more of thy affairs? 2 S 19:30; עַד אִם־דִּבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָ֑י until I have told my errand Gn 24:33; seld. sq. דָּבָר indef.; as ד׳ דָּבָר Is 58:13 speak a (mere, empty) word; so prob. also ד׳ דְּבָרִים Ho 10:4; with other nouns, e.g. דבר קשׁות spake rough words Gn 42:7, 30 (E); ד׳ גבהה proud words 1 S 2:3; טבות friendly words Je 12:6; טוב 1 S 19:4 1 K 22:13 Est 7:9; שׁקר Is 59:3 +, כזב Dn 11:27, אמת Je 9:4 +, שׁוא ψ 12:3 +; דבר שׁיר utter, sing a song Ju 5:12; משׁל 1 K 5:12; יְהוּדִית the Jewish language Ne 13:24; †סרה rebellion Dt 13:6 Je 28:16; 29:32. e.g. Exodus 20:1
  • 3. with persons:
    • a. rarely acc. יָֽכְלוּ דַבְּרוֹ לְשָׁלֹם they could [not] speak unto him peaceably Gn 37:4 (J; but Ew§ 282 a about him); וַיְדַבֵּר … אֹתָם Nu 26:3 (P, but text corrupt vid. Di; no satisfactory explanation yet given, possibly read אִתָּם vid. d). e.g. Genesis 37:4
    • b. most frequently with אֶל throughout the literature: Gn 8:15 +; cf. phrases וַיְדַבֵּר י׳ אֶל מֹשֶׁה לֵאמֹר Ex 6:10 + 87 times; P; but †וידבּר י׳ אל משׁה לך Ex 32:7; 33:1 (JE); דבּר אל אהרן Lv 6:18 + 8 times (P); דבר אל בני ישׂראל Ex 6:9 + 38 times (P); elsewhere, Ex 19:6 (E) Dt 1:3; 4:45 (D) ד׳ אל (כל) העדה Ex 12:3 Lv 19:2 Nu 16:24, 26 (P); ד׳ אל לב speak unto one’s heart Gn 24:45, i.e. to oneself, cf. also ד׳ על לִבָּהּ 1 S 1:13, v. 5 infr.; אל is used inexactly for על 1 S 3:12 1 K 16:12 Is 16:13 Je 27:13; 30:4; 33:14; 36:7, 31; 40:2; 50:1; 51:12, 62 where it is rendered concerning or against. e.g. Genesis 8:15
    • c. with לְ, speak to 1 K 2:19 Ez 32:21 Dn 2:4; ליהוה speak, sing to Yahweh words of a song Jos 10:12 (D) 2 S 22:1 (= ψ 18:1 title); in D, דבר ל promise to, in phrases †כאשׁר דבר(י׳) ל Dt 1:11, 21; 6:3; 9:3; 10:9; 11:25; 12:20; 15:6; 18:2; 26:18; 27:3; 29:12 Jos 13:14, 33; 22:4; 23:5, 10 (all D); אשׁר דבר ל Dt 9:28 1 K 8:24, 25, 26 (= 2 Ch 6:15, 16, 17).—דבר ל Gn 24:7; 28:15; 49:28 Ex 32:34 (J) Jos 9;21 (P) Ju 14:7 2 S 23:3 Is 30:10 Zc 9:10 usually rendered speak to, but often rather promise to. הֲיֵשׁ לְדַבֶּר־לָךְ אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ is it possible to speak for thee unto the king? 2 K 4:13 (by attraction to לַעֲשׂוֹת לָךְ). e.g. 1 Kings 2:19
    • d. with †אֵת speak with Gn 17:3, 22, 23; 21:2; 23:8; 34:6, 8; 35:13, 15 Ex 25:22; 31:18; 34:29, 33, 34, 35 Nu 3:1; 7:89 Jos 22:15, 21 (all P) Gn 35:14; 41:9; 42:7; 45:15 Jos 17:14 (all E) Dt 5:21; sources of S K Ch 2 S 3:27; 7:7 = 1 Ch 17:6 1 K 8:15 = 2 Ch 6:4 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23 2 Ch 10:10 (= אל 1 K 12:10) Je 5:5; 7:22; 9:7; 35:2; 38:25 Ez 2:1; 3:22, 24, 27; 14:4; 20:3; 44:5 Dn 1:19 Zc 8:16; cf. phrases †דבר חד את אחד speak one with another Ez 33:30; †דבר משׁפטים את speak judgments with, usually = give judgment against, (not Je 12:1), Je 1:16; 4:12; 12:1; 39:5; 52:9 (= 2 K 25:6); דבר טבות את speak kindly with 2 K 25:28 = Je 52:32. e.g. Genesis 17:3
    • e. c. †עִם speak with, (not P), Gn 29:9; 31:24, 29 Ex 19:9; 20:19(×2), 22; 33:9 Nu 11:17; 22:19 Jos 24:27 (all JE) Dt 5:4; 9:10 Ju 6:17 1 S 9:25 (𝔊 Th We Dr וַיִּרְבְּדוּ לְ spread a couch for) 17:23 2 S 13:22 1 K 1:14, 22 2 K 6:33; 18:26 2 Ch 9:1 (= אֶל 1 K 10:2) Ne 9:13 Est 6:14 Je 32:4 Dn 8:18; 9:22; 10:11, 15, 17, 19 Ho 12:5; דִּבַּרְתִּי אֲנִי עִם לִבִּי I Spake, communed with my heart Ec 1:16. e.g. Genesis 29:9
    • f. †לִפְנֵי before, in the presence of Ex 6:12 Nu 36:1 (P) Ju 11:11 1 K 3:22 Est 8:3. e.g. Exodus 6:12
  • 4. with בְּ:
    • a. instrumental, דבר בְּ speak with, by, or by means of a person (vid. supr. Qal ad fin.) Nu 12:2(×2), 6, 8 (E) 2 S 23:2 (cf. Dr), 1 K 22:28 = 2 Ch 18:27, Hb 2:1; †דִּבֶּר בְּשֵׁם speak in the name of Ex 5:23 (J) Dt 18:19, 20(×2), 22 1 Ch 21:19 Je 20:9; 26:16; 29:23; 44:16 Dn 9:6 Zc 13:3; †ביד by the hand of Nu 17:5; 27:23 Jos 20:2 (P) 1 S 28:17 1 K 8:53 + 13 times K, 2 Ch 10:15 (= 1 K 12:15) Is 20:2 Je 37:2; 50:1 Ez 38:17. e.g. Numbers 12:2
    • b. local (fig.), בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Gn 20:8 (E) Ex 11:2 Dt 32:44 (J) Gn 23:16 Nu 14:28 Jos 20:4 (P) Dt 31:28, 30 Ju 9:2, 3 1 S 8:21; 11:4; 25:24 2 S 3:19(×2) Je 26:15 Pr 23:9; †דבר בלב speak in the heart Ec 2:15. e.g. Genesis 20:8
    • c. of the object, speak of, about (prep. בְּ IV. e Ew§ 217 f. (2)) Dt 6:7; 11:19 1 S 19:3, 4 ψ 119:46; 122:8; propose for (a wife) 1 S 25:39 cf. Ct 8:8). e.g. Deuteronomy 6:7
    • d. of hostility, against (Ew§ 217 f. (1)) Nu 12:1, 8; 21:5, 7 (E) Jb 19:18 ψ 50:20; 78:19. e.g. Numbers 12:1
    • e. of price, בְּנַפְשׁוֹ at the cost of his life 1 K 2:23 (vid. בְּ III. 3). e.g. 1 Kings 2:23
  • 5. with †עַל, of the object concerning or about which one speaks Gn 18:19 Nu 10:29 (J) Jos 23:14 (D) Ju 9:3 1 S 25:30 1 K 2:4, 27; 5:13(×2); 14:2, 22:23 (= 2 Ch 18:22), 2 K 10:10, 19:21 = Is 37:22, 1 Ch 22:11 2 Ch 23:3 Je 1:16; 18:7, 8, 9; 42:19. It may have this sense in most if not all of the following, where RV renders 1 K 2:18, 19 Est 7:9 Je 18:20 for; 2 Ch 32:16 Ne 6:12 Je 11:17; 16:10; 25:13; 26:13, 19; 35:17 Ez 36:5 Dn 9:12; 11:36 Ho 7:13 Am 3:1 against; and 1 K 9:5 2 K 22:19 Je 10:1; 19:15 unto (על is used for אל unto 2 Ch 32:19 Je 6:10; 25:2; 26:2 Ho 12:11); cf. the phrase †דבר על לב speak upon the heart, speak kindly, comfort Gn 34:3; 50:21 (E) Ju 19:3 Ru 2:13, 1 S 1:13 (seemingly from context על for אל, to her heart, to herself, vid. Dr), 2 S 19:8 2 Ch 30:22; 32:6 Is 40:2 Ho 2:16. e.g. Genesis 18:19
  • 6. with infin. †דבר לעשׂות promise to do Ex 32:14 (J) Dt 1:14 Ez 6:10 Jon 3:10; †דבר לתת promise to give Dt 19:8; †דבר למחות threaten to blot out 2 K 14:27; cf. †דבר להזהיר i.e. so as to warn Ez 3:18; 33:8. e.g. Exodus 32:14
  • —וַתָּקָם וַתְּדַבֵּר אֶת־כָּל־זֶרַע הַמַּמְלָכָה 2 Ch 22:10 𝔊 ἀπώλεσε, 𝔙 interfecit, scribal error for וַתְּאַבֵּד 2 K 11:1. Other explanations: plot against, waylay (Arabic دَبَّرَ) Thes MV; pronounce sentence, ellipt. וַתְּדַבֵּר מִשְׁפָּטִים GesHdw Rob; but cf. VB— e.g. 2 Chronicles 22:10

Pual

  • Impf. בַּיּוֹם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּהּ in the day when she may be spoken for Ct 8:8 (vid. Pi. 4 c); Pt. נִכְבָּדוֹת מְדֻבָּר בָּךְ glorious things are being spoken in thee (RV Pe MV of thee) ψ 87:3. e.g. Song of Solomon 8:8

Hithpael

  • Pt. מִדַּבֵּר = מִתְדַּבֵּר with acc. מִדַּבֵּר הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה speaking this word 2 S 14:13; שָׁמַע (אֵת הַקּוֹל) מִדַּבֵּר אֶל׳ heard (the voice, or) one speaking unto Nu 7:89 (P) Ez 2:2; 43:6 (Di Nu 7:89 would read מְדַבֵּר after 𝔊; the meaning not appreciably different from Piel; the Hithp. difficult to reconcile with אֶל). e.g. 2 Samuel 14:13

Hiphil

  • Impf. וַיַּדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתָּי ψ 18:48 (2 S 22:48 has וּמֹרִיד for rare וַיַּדְבֵּר), יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ 47:4; either (cf. Aramaic דַּבַּר) leads subject (so Ges coegit, De Now), or (cf. Arabic أَدْبَرَ turn the back, retreat) puts to flight, fig. for subdues (so Hi). e.g. Psalms 18:48

Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.


Word origin

vb. speak (original meaning dub.; range in order Thes is conjectural and not comprehensive enough; treiben MV does not explain Arabic or Heb. usage, but only Aramaic A meaning go away, sustained by Arabic دَبَرَ بِهِ go away with it, would best explain the four branches of usage:—(1) Arabic دَبَرَ depart, perish, iv. retreat, fig. retrograde, decline; دَبْرٌ passing away, death; Assyrian dabâru, Pi. drive away, Bez Orient. Diplom. Vocab., Dibbara, pest-god, Hpt in KAT 2500, דֶּבֶר pestilence. (2) Arabic دَبَرَ follow behind, in time, place, or station; دَبْرٌ part behind, دُبُرٌ back, דְּבִיר hindmost chamber of temple. (3) Syriac ܕܒܰܪ lead, guide, cattle, sheep, government, take a wife, = Aramaic דְּבר; Syriac ܕܳܒܽܘܪܳܐ, Aramaic דַּבָּר leader; Syriac ܕܽܘܒܳܪܳܐ, Aramaic דַּבָּרָא guidance; Syriac ܕܰܒܪܳܐ Aramaic דַּבְרָא, Heb. דֹּבֶר; Syriac ܡܰܕܒܰܪ, Aramaic מַדְבְּרָא, Heb. מִדְבָּר pasture, wilderness; Arabic دِبْرٌ, Syriac ܕܶܒܘܽܪܻܝܬܳܐ, Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָּא, Heb. דְּבוֹרָה swarm of bees, may be in this line, as led by their queen, so Thes. (4) Arabic دَبَّرَ consider the end or issue (of an affair), relate (a story or tradition); دَبَّرَ فِى consider, دَبَّرَ عَلَى plan against; Ph. דבר speak; Heb. דִּבֶּר etc. Syn. of אָמַר say, as Aramaic מַלֵּל with אֲמַר; Gk. λαλεῖν, λέγειν; Lat. loqui, dicere; Germ. reden, sagen)—

— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.

Origin: a primitive root

Part of speech: Verb TWOT: 399


Jastrow Dictionary

A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.

דָּבַר

  • (b. h.) to join, arrange, lead (the flock); v. next w.
    • (b. h.) to converse, speak. Ber. 31ᵇ, a. fr. דִּבְּרָה תורה כלשון ב"א the Torah speaks according to the language of men, i.e. uses metaphors and phrases adapted to human understanding. Sot. 12ᵇ שעתיד לְדַבֵּר וכ׳ destined to speak to Divinity. Ter. I, 2 חרש שדִּבְּרוּ … מְדַבֵּר wherever the scholars use the word ḥērēsh, they mean one who neither hears nor talks. Mekh. Bo 7, end, a. fr. או אינו מְדַבֵּר אלא ב־ or does perhaps the text speak only of—? [מְדַבֵּר as a noun, v. s. v.].
    • to hold communion, converse. Mekh. Bo, introd. לא נ׳ עמו וכ׳ the Lord did not hold communion with him outside the capital of Egypt. Ib. fr.
    • , same, esp. part. f. מִדַּבֶּרֶת being on terms of intimacy with a man. Keth. I, 8 ראוה מד׳ עם אחד (omit בשוק); expl. ib. 13ᵃ. Ib. VII, 6 מד׳ עם כל אדם she is intimate with everybody. Ib. לכשהיא מד׳ בתוך ביתה וכ׳ when her neighbors can hear her voice in moments of intimacy with her husband.
    • to make submissive, persuade, v. דִּיבּוּר. Macc. 11ᵃ דִבֵּר לחוד יַדְבֵּר לחוד the Piel dibber has one meaning (speaking harshly), and the Hif. yadber another.

דְּבַר

  • 1. to seize, take, lead, drive. Targ. Gen. XIX, 15; a. fr. (h. לקח).—Ib. XXXI, 18; a. fr. (h. נהג).
  • 2. to conduct one’s self (cmp. נָהַג). Erub. 14ᵇ, a. e. פוק חזי מאי עמא ד׳ go out and see how the people conduct themselves (what the religious usage is). Koh. R. to IX, 10, v. כְּלוּם.
    • 1. to lead, drive. Targ. O. Ex. III, 1 ed. Berl. (ed. דְּבַר). Ib. XIV, 21 (ed. דְּבַר, h. text ויולך). Targ. Ez. XVI, 12; a. e.—Keth. 62ᵇ sq. עד כמה קא מְדַבְּרַת אלמנות חיים how long yet wilt thou lead a life of living widowhood (separation from a living husband)?
    • 2. to carry off. Targ. Ezek. XXXIII, 6; a. e.
    • to take, lead. Targ. Is. XIV, 2; a. fr.—Bets. 21ᵇ אַדְבְּרֵיה וכ׳ took him out on a walk; ib. 29ᵃ. Y. Yeb. XIII, 13ᶜ bot. מַדְבְּרוּן לה גבר they introduce to her a suitor.
    • 1. to be seized, taken away. Targ. Prov. XXIV, 11. Targ. Ez. XXXIII, 6. Targ. II Kings II, 9 sq.; a. e.
    • 2. to conduct one’s self. Targ. Gen. XXXIII, 14 אֵידַבַּר ed. Berl. (h. text אתנהלה).

דָּבָר

  • preced.)
  • 1. word, utterance, command (cmp. דִּיבּוּר). B. Bath. 56ᵇ (ref. to Deut. XIX, 15) ד׳ ולא חצי ד׳ a statement (testimony) but not a partial statement. Mekh. Bo, introd. היה הד׳ לאהרן (Tanḥ. ib. 5 דבור) the word of the Lord came to &c.; a. fr.—דְּבַר תורה according to the Biblical law. Erub. 81; a. fr.—Pl. דְּבָרִים, constr. דִּבְרֵי. ד׳ תורה Biblical laws; ד׳ סופרים Rabbinical laws. Ib. Yeb. IX, 3; a. fr.—ד׳ קבלה prophetic exhortations or incidental utterances in other Biblical books than the Pentateuch. Ḥag. 10ᵇ; Nidd. 23ᵃ; a. e.—B. Mets. 49ᵃ; Bekh. 13ᵇ ד׳ יש בהם משום מחוסרי אמנה to word of mouth the rules concerning the faithless are applied, i.e. a verbal agreement is morally binding. B. Mets. 48ᵃ הנושא ונותן בד׳ וכ׳ he who contracts verbally has no legal claim. Ib. ד׳ ואיכא … קאי באבל he who retracts a verbal transaction with which a payment of money was connected, comes under the category of those against whom the words ‘but the scholars declared’ (ib. IV, 2) has been pronounced.—דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים the Book of Chronicles. Lev. R. s. 1. B. Bath. 14ᵇ.—דָּבָר אַחֵר (abbrev. ד"א) another interpretation (is this). Gen. R. s. 1, beg.; a. fr.—2) thing, affair, object, occurrence &c. Sot. 28ᵇ ד׳ שיש בו דעת לישאל an object which has sense to ask, i.e. a rational being, opp. ד׳ שאין וכ׳ dumb creatures &c.—Num. R. s. 11 ד׳ שבינך לבינו that which concerns only thy relation to God; v. בֵּין.—ד׳ שבממון a monetary affair. B. Mets. 94ᵃ; a. fr.—ד׳ הלמד מענינו a thing (law) derived from the context on the very subject. Sifra, introd.; a. fr.—ד׳ אחר (abbr. ד"א) something not to be named, a) idolatry. Men. XIII, 10 ואין צריך לומר לד"א much less priests who have been offering to idols; a. fr.—b) swine. Ber. 43ᵇ (prov.) תלה ליה קורא לד"א וכ׳ hang a palm shoot around the swine and it will follow its habits (of wallowing in the mud). Sabb. 129ᵃ sq.; a. e.—c) leprosy Ib. אי פגע בד"א קשה לד"א if he meets a swine (after blood letting), he is in danger of becoming a leper.—d) unchaste conduct, sexual intercourse, sodomy &c. Ib. 17ᵇ על בנותיהן משום ד"א ועל ד"א משום ד"א they forbade connection with their daughters on account of idolatry, and decreed something else (that a gentile child should be unclean as though afflicted with gonorrhœa) on account of sodomy. Ber. 8ᵇ צנועין בד"א chaste in marital life; a. fr.—Pl. as above.—בעל ד׳ the person to deal with, opponent, party. B. Mets. 14ᵃ לאו ב"ד דידי את I have nothing to do with thee; a. fr.—לא היו ד׳ מעולם there were no such things, I deny it outright. Shebu. 41ᵇ; a. fr.—ד׳ בגב, ד׳ בגו, v. גַּב, גֵּו. e.g. Deuteronomy 19:15

דֶּבֶר

  • , esp. Targ. Ez. XXXIII, 6) death, pestilence. Ab. V, 8. Sabb. 33ᵃ; a. fr.—Esp. the plague of pestilence in Egypt. Ex. R. s. 12. Tanḥ. Vaëra 14; a. fr.

דַּבָּר

  • (דבר) leader.—Pl. דַּבָּרִין. Snh. 8ᵃ ד׳ אחד וכ׳ a generation must have one leader, but not two.

A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.


Forms in the corpus

The 370 distinct written forms H1696 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.

Form Parsing Example Uses
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 2:17 92
דִּבֶּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 1:6 60
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Daniel 1:19 47
דִּבֶּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Daniel 9:12 38
לְ/דַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct Deuteronomy 11:19 18
דִּבֵּֽר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 26:19 17
דִּבֶּר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 12:20 16
דִּבֶּ֖ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 19:8 15
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֤ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 27:9 15
דִּבֶּ֧ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Amos 3:1 14
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֨ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 33:1 14
דִּבֶּ֤ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 1:1 13
דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Exodus 20:22 13
דִּבֶּ֔ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Amos 3:8 11
דִּבֶּ֨ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 1:21 11
דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ Verb, Piel, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 1:14 10
דַּבֵּ֞ר Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 20:3 10
יְדַבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 33:11 9
אֲדַבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 3:22 9
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 17:24 9
דַּבֵּר֙ Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 25:2 9
דַּבֵּ֨ר Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 16:12 8
דַּבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct Deuteronomy 3:26 8
אֲדַבֵּ֑ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Exodus 23:22 8
דִּבֵּ֑ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 12:25 8
דִּבֶּר֙ Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 Kings 2:23 8
דִּבַּֽרְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 5:15 8
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֧ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 4:12 8
לְ/דַבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct Exodus 29:42 8
דִּבַּֽרְתָּ Verb, Piel, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Esther 6:10 7
דַּבֵּ֛ר Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Joshua 20:2 7
הַ/דֹּבֵ֣ר Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Genesis 16:13 7
יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Ecclesiastes 7:21 7
יְדַבֵּ֖ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Daniel 11:36 7
לְ/דַבֵּ֖ר Verb, Piel, Infinitive Construct Daniel 10:17 7
תְּדַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 5:27 7
דַּבֶּר Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 11:2 6
דַּבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 12:23 6
וְ/דִבַּרְתָּ֣ Verb, Piel, Sequential Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 4:15 6
אֲדַבֵּֽר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular 1 Kings 22:14 6
דִבֶּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Genesis 24:30 6
וַ/יְדַבְּר֥וּ Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Genesis 43:19 6
יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Daniel 11:27 6
יְדַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Exodus 7:2 6
מְדַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Ezekiel 2:8 6
וַ/תְּדַבֵּ֣ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular Genesis 39:17 5
יְדַבֶּר Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Habakkuk 2:1 5
דִבַּ֔רְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 23:34 5
דִּבְּר֣וּ Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Deuteronomy 5:28 5
דִּבְּר֥וּ Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Genesis 45:15 5
דִּבֶּ֛ר Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Deuteronomy 10:9 5
דִּבַּ֔רְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 6:10 5
דִּבַּ֤רְתִּי Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Jeremiah 22:21 5
דֹּבֵ֥ר Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Deuteronomy 5:1 5
הַ/דֹּבֵ֥ר Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Zechariah 1:13 5
וַ/אֲדַבְּרָ֣ה Verb, Piel, Cohortative, 1st Person, Common, Singular Deuteronomy 5:31 5
וַ/יְדַבְּר֣וּ Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Genesis 45:27 5
וַ/יְדַבְּר֨וּ Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 1 Kings 12:7 5
וַ/יְדַבֵּ֖ר Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 40:45 5
מְדַבֵּ֥ר Verb, Piel, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Isaiah 63:1 5

The 60 most common forms are shown; 310 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.


Same root — word family

Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1696, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derived from this word

Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 9 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.


Septuagint verse parallels

This word appears in 1,001 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 1,049 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.

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