רוּחַ
spirit
also: wind, breath, mind fuller range ↓
H7307
Strong's Hebrew
rûwach
Transliteration
/roo'-akh/
Pronunciation
Usage in the Hebrew Bible
378
appearances
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
BDB Definition
wind, breath, mind, spirit
- breath
- wind
- of heaven
- quarter (of wind), side
- breath of air
- air, gas
- vain, empty thing
- spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
- spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
- courage
- temper, anger
- impatience, patience
- spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
- disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
- prophetic spirit
- spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
- as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
- spirit (as seat of emotion)
- desire
- sorrow, trouble
- spirit
- as seat or organ of mental acts
- rarely of the will
- as seat especially of moral character
- Spirit of God, the third person of the triune God, the Holy Spirit, coequal, coeternal with the Father and the Son
- as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy
- as impelling prophet to utter instruction or warning
- imparting warlike energy and executive and administrative power
- as endowing men with various gifts
- as energy of life
- as manifest in the Shekinah glory
- never referred to as a depersonalized force
Where this word appears
See every Construct-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Both
- Attested as both masculine and feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
195 distinct verses where H7307 appears in the Construct state, across 29 books. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 8 verses
- Genesis 1:2 וְ/ר֣וּחַ conj + n c bs cs Now the earth was formless and empty. Darkness was on the surface of the deep. God's Spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.
- Genesis 3:8 לְ/ר֣וּחַ prep + n c bs cs They heard the voice of Yahweh God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God among the trees of the garden.
- Genesis 6:3 רוּחִ֤/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Yahweh said, "My Spirit will not strive with man forever, because he also is flesh; yet will his days be one hundred twenty years."
- Genesis 6:17 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs I, even, I do bring the flood of waters on this earth, to destroy all flesh having the breath of life from under the sky. Everything that is in the earth will die.
- Genesis 7:15 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs They went to Noah into the ark, by pairs of all flesh with the breath of life in them.
- Genesis 41:8 רוּח֔/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms It happened in the morning that his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men of it. Pharaoh told them his dream, but there was no one who could interpret them to Pharaoh.
- Genesis 41:38 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs Pharaoh said to his servants, "Can we find such a one as this, a man in whom is the Spirit of God?"
- Genesis 45:27 ר֖וּחַ n c bs cs They told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said to them. When he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry him, the spirit of Jacob, their father, revived.
Exodus 9 verses
- Exodus 10:13 ר֥וּחַ וְ/ר֨וּחַ֙ n c bs cs conj + n c bs cs Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and Yahweh brought an east wind on the land all that day, and all the night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.
- Exodus 10:19 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Yahweh turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea. There remained not one locust in all the borders of Egypt.
- Exodus 14:21 בְּ/ר֨וּחַ prep + n c bs cs Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and Yahweh caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all the night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.
- Exodus 15:8 וּ/בְ/ר֤וּחַ conj + prep + n c bs cs With the blast of your nostrils the waters were piled up. The floods stood upright as a heap. The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.
- Exodus 15:10 בְ/רוּחֲ/ךָ֖ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms You blew with your wind. The sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters.
- Exodus 28:3 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs You shall speak to all who are wise-hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they make Aaron's garments to sanctify him, that he may minister to me in the priest's office.
- Exodus 31:3 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs and I have filled him with the Spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship,
- Exodus 35:21 רוּח֜/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms They came, everyone whose heart stirred him up, and everyone whom his spirit made willing, and brought Yahweh's offering, for the work of the tent of meeting, and for all of its service, and for the holy garments.
- Exodus 35:31 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs He has filled him with the Spirit of God, in wisdom, in understanding, in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship;
Numbers 4 verses
- Numbers 5:14 רֽוּחַ רֽוּחַ n c bs cs n c bs cs and the spirit of jealousy comes on him, and he is jealous of his wife, and she is defiled: or if the spirit of jealousy comes on him, and he is jealous of his wife, and she isn't defiled:
- Numbers 5:30 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs or when the spirit of jealousy comes on a man, and he is jealous of his wife; then he shall set the woman before Yahweh, and the priest shall execute on her all this law.
- Numbers 11:29 רוּח֖/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Moses said to him, Are you jealous for my sake? would that all Yahweh's people were prophets, that Yahweh would put his Spirit on them!
- Numbers 24:2 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came on him.
Deuteronomy 2 verses
- Deuteronomy 2:30 רוּח֗/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Yahweh your God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into your hand, as at this day.
- Deuteronomy 34:9 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom; for Moses had laid his hands on him: and the children of Israel listened to him, and did as Yahweh commanded Moses.
Judges 9 verses
- Judges 3:10 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of Yahweh came on him, and he judged Israel; and he went out to war, and Yahweh delivered Cushan Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand: and his hand prevailed against Cushan Rishathaim.
- Judges 6:34 וְ/ר֣וּחַ conj + n c bs cs But the Spirit of Yahweh came on Gideon; and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered together after him.
- Judges 8:3 רוּחָ/ם֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3mp God has delivered into your hand the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: and what was I able to do in comparison with you? Then their anger was abated toward him, when he had said that.
- Judges 11:29 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Then the Spirit of Yahweh came on Jephthah, and he passed over Gilead and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of Gilead he passed over to the children of Ammon.
- Judges 13:25 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of Yahweh began to move him in Mahaneh-dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
- Judges 14:6 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily on him, and he tore him as he would have torn a kid; and he had nothing in his hand: but he didn't tell his father or his mother what he had done.
- Judges 14:19 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily on him, and he went down to Ashkelon, and struck thirty men of them, and took their spoil, and gave the changes [of clothing] to those who declared the riddle. His anger was kindled, and he went up to his father's house.
- Judges 15:14 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs When he came to Lehi, the Philistines shouted as they met him: and the Spirit of Yahweh came mightily on him, and the ropes that were on his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire, and his bands dropped from off his hands.
- Judges 15:19 רוּח֖/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms But God split the hollow place that is in Lehi, and water came out of it. When he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: therefore the name of it was called En Hakkore, which is in Lehi, to this day.
1 Samuel 13 verses
- 1 Samuel 10:6 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs and the Spirit of Yahweh will come mightily on you, and you shall prophesy with them, and shall be turned into another man.
- 1 Samuel 10:10 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs When they came there to the hill, behold, a band of prophets met him; and the Spirit of God came mightily on him, and he prophesied among them.
- 1 Samuel 11:6 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of God came mightily on Saul when he heard those words, and his anger was kindled greatly.
- 1 Samuel 16:13 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers: and the Spirit of Yahweh came mightily on David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.
- 1 Samuel 16:14 וְ/ר֧וּחַ רֽוּחַ conj + n c bs cs n c bs Now the Spirit of Yahweh departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from Yahweh troubled him.
- 1 Samuel 16:15 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Saul's servants said to him, See now, an evil spirit from God troubles you.
- 1 Samuel 16:16 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Let our lord now command your servants who are before you, to seek out a man who is a skillful player on the harp: and it shall happen, when the evil spirit from God is on you, that he shall play with his hand, and you shall be well.
- 1 Samuel 16:23 רֽוּחַ ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs n c bs cs It happened, when the [evil] spirit from God was on Saul, that David took the harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.
- 1 Samuel 18:10 רוּחַ֩ n c bs cs It happened on the next day, that an evil spirit from God came mightily on Saul, and he prophesied in the midst of the house: and David played with his hand, as he did day by day. Saul had his spear in his hand;
- 1 Samuel 19:9 ר֨וּחַ n c bs cs An evil spirit from Yahweh was on Saul, as he sat in his house with his spear in his hand; and David was playing with his hand.
- 1 Samuel 19:20 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Saul sent messengers to take David: and when they saw the company of the prophets prophesying, and Samuel standing as head over them, the Spirit of God came on the messengers of Saul, and they also prophesied.
- 1 Samuel 19:23 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs He went there to Naioth in Ramah: and the Spirit of God came on him also, and he went on, and prophesied, until he came to Naioth in Ramah.
- 1 Samuel 30:12 רוּח֖/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms They gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him; for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights.
2 Samuel 2 verses
1 Kings 5 verses
- 1 Kings 18:12 וְ/ר֨וּחַ conj + n c bs cs It will happen, as soon as I am gone from you, that the Spirit of Yahweh will carry you I don't know where; and so when I come and tell Ahab, and he can't find you, he will kill me: but I your servant fear Yahweh from my youth.
- 1 Kings 21:5 רוּחֲ/ךָ֣ n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said to him, Why is your spirit so sad, that you eat no bread?
- 1 Kings 22:22 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Yahweh said to him, 'How?' He said, 'I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.' He said, 'You shall entice him, and shall prevail also: go forth, and do so.'
- 1 Kings 22:23 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Now therefore, behold, Yahweh has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these your prophets; and Yahweh has spoken evil concerning you.
- 1 Kings 22:24 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and struck Micaiah on the cheek, and said, Which way went the Spirit of Yahweh from me to speak to you?
2 Kings 3 verses
- 2 Kings 2:9 בְּ/רוּחֲ/ךָ֖ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms It happened, when they had gone over, that Elijah said to Elisha, Ask what I shall do for you, before I am taken from you. Elisha said, please let a double portion of your spirit be on me.
- 2 Kings 2:15 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs When the sons of the prophets who were at Jericho over against him saw him, they said, The spirit of Elijah does rest on Elisha. They came to meet him, and bowed themselves to the ground before him.
- 2 Kings 2:16 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs They said to him, See now, there are with your servants fifty strong men; let them go, we pray you, and seek your master, lest the Spirit of Yahweh has taken him up, and cast him on some mountain, or into some valley. He said, You shall not send.
1 Chronicles 1 verse
2 Chronicles 8 verses
- 2 Chronicles 15:1 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of God came on Azariah the son of Oded:
- 2 Chronicles 18:21 לְ/ר֣וּחַ prep + n c bs cs He said, 'I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.' He said, 'You shall entice him, and shall prevail also: go forth, and do so.'
- 2 Chronicles 18:22 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Now therefore, behold, Yahweh has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these your prophets; and Yahweh has spoken evil concerning you.
- 2 Chronicles 18:23 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near, and struck Micaiah on the cheek, and said, Which way went the Spirit of Yahweh from me to speak to you?
- 2 Chronicles 20:14 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Then on Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, the Levite, of the sons of Asaph, came the Spirit of Yahweh in the midst of the assembly;
- 2 Chronicles 21:16 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs Yahweh stirred up against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines, and of the Arabians who are beside the Ethiopians:
- 2 Chronicles 24:20 וְ/ר֣וּחַ conj + n c bs cs The Spirit of God came on Zechariah the son of Jehoiada the priest; and he stood above the people, and said to them, Thus says God, Why disobey you the commandments of Yahweh, so that you can't prosper? because you have forsaken Yahweh, he has also forsaken you.
- 2 Chronicles 36:22 ר֨וּחַ֙ n c bs cs Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of Yahweh by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and [put it] also in writing, saying,
Ezra 2 verses
- Ezra 1:1 ר֨וּחַ֙ n c bs cs Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of Yahweh by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and [put it] also in writing, saying,
- Ezra 1:5 רוּח֔/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Then rose up the heads of fathers' [houses] of Judah and Benjamin, and the priests, and the Levites, even all whose spirit God had stirred to go up to build the house of Yahweh which is in Jerusalem.
Nehemiah 2 verses
- Nehemiah 9:20 וְ/רוּחֲ/ךָ֨ conj + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms You gave also your good Spirit to instruct them, and didn't withhold your manna from their mouth, and gave them water for their thirst.
- Nehemiah 9:30 בְּ/רוּחֲ/ךָ֛ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms Yet many years did you bear with them, and testified against them by your Spirit through your prophets: yet would they not give ear: therefore gave you them into the hand of the peoples of the lands.
Job 16 verses
- Job 4:9 וּ/מֵ/ר֖וּחַ conj + prep + n c bs cs By the breath of God they perish, By the blast of his anger are they consumed.
- Job 6:4 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs For the arrows of the Almighty are within me, My spirit drinks up their poison. The terrors of God set themselves in array against me.
- Job 7:11 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs "Therefore I will not keep silent. I will speak in the anguish of my spirit. I will complain in the bitterness of my soul.
- Job 9:18 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs He will not allow me to take my breath, But fills me with bitterness.
- Job 10:12 רוּחִֽ/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs You have granted me life and loving kindness. Your visitation has preserved my spirit.
- Job 12:10 וְ֝/ר֗וּחַ conj + n c bs cs In whose hand is the life of every living thing, The breath of all mankind?
- Job 15:13 רוּחֶ֑/ךָ n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms That you turn your spirit against God, And let such words go out of your mouth?
- Job 15:30 בְּ/ר֣וּחַ prep + n c bs cs He shall not depart out of darkness; The flame shall dry up his branches, By the breath of God's mouth shall he go away.
- Job 17:1 רוּחִ֣/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs "My spirit is consumed, my days are extinct, And the grave is ready for me.
- Job 19:17 ר֭וּחִֽ/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs My breath is offensive to my wife. I am loathsome to the children of my own mother.
- Job 21:4 רוּחִֽ/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs As for me, is my complaint to man? Why shouldn't I be impatient?
- Job 26:13 בְּ֭/רוּח/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms By his Spirit the heavens are garnished. His hand has pierced the swift serpent.
- Job 27:3 וְ/ר֖וּחַ conj + n c bs cs (For the length of my life is still in me, And the spirit of God is in my nostrils);
- Job 32:18 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs For I am full of words. The spirit within me constrains me.
- Job 33:4 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of God has made me, And the breath of the Almighty gives me life.
- Job 34:14 רוּח֥/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms If he set his heart on himself, If he gathered to himself his spirit and his breath;
Psalms 24 verses
- Psalms 11:6 וְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + n c bs cs On the wicked he will rain blazing coals; Fire, sulfur, and scorching wind shall be the portion of their cup.
- Psalms 18:15 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Then the channels of waters appeared, The foundations of the world were laid bare at your rebuke, Yahweh, At the blast of the breath of your nostrils.
- Psalms 31:5 ר֫וּחִ֥/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Into your hand I commend my spirit. You redeem me, Yahweh, God of truth.
- Psalms 32:2 בְּ/רוּח֣/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Blessed is the man to whom Yahweh doesn't impute iniquity, In whose spirit there is no deceit.
- Psalms 33:6 וּ/בְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + prep + n c bs cs By Yahweh's word the heavens were made; All their host by the breath of his mouth.
- Psalms 48:7 בְּ/ר֥וּחַ prep + n c bs cs With the east wind, you break the ships of Tarshish.
- Psalms 51:11 וְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + n c bs cs Don't throw me from your presence, And don't take your holy Spirit from me.
- Psalms 51:17 ר֪וּחַ n c bs cs The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit. A broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.
- Psalms 76:12 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs He will cut off the spirit of princes. He is feared by the kings of the earth.
- Psalms 77:3 רוּחִ֣/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs I remember God, and I groan. I complain, and my spirit is overwhelmed. Selah.
- Psalms 77:6 רוּחִֽ/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs I remember my song in the night. I consider in my own heart; My spirit diligently inquires:
- Psalms 78:8 רוּחֽ/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms And might not be as their fathers, A stubborn and rebellious generation, A generation that didn't make their hearts loyal, Whose spirit was not steadfast with God.
- Psalms 104:29 ר֭וּחָ/ם n c bs cs + sfx pers 3mp You hide your face: they are troubled; You take away their breath: they die, and return to the dust.
- Psalms 104:30 ר֭וּחֲ/ךָ n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms You send forth your Spirit: they are created. You renew the face of the ground.
- Psalms 106:33 רוּח֑/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Because they were rebellious against his spirit, He spoke rashly with his lips.
- Psalms 107:25 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs For he commands, and raises the stormy wind, Which lifts up its waves.
- Psalms 139:7 מֵ/רוּחֶ֑/ךָ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms Where could I go from your Spirit? Or where could I flee from your presence?
- Psalms 142:3 רוּחִ֗/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs When my spirit was overwhelmed within me, You knew my path. In the way in which I walk, They have hidden a snare for me.
- Psalms 143:4 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore my spirit is overwhelmed within me. My heart within me is desolate.
- Psalms 143:7 ר֫וּחִ֥/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Hurry to answer me, Yahweh. My spirit fails. Don't hide your face from me, So that I don't become like those who go down into the pit.
- Psalms 143:10 רוּחֲ/ךָ֥ n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms Teach me to do your will, For you are my God. Your Spirit is good. Lead me in the land of uprightness.
- Psalms 146:4 ר֭וּח/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms His spirit departs, and he returns to the earth. In that very day, his thoughts perish.
- Psalms 147:18 ר֝וּח֗/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms He sends out his word, and melts them. He causes his wind to blow, and the waters flow.
- Psalms 148:8 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs Lightning and hail, snow and clouds; Stormy wind, fulfilling his word;
Proverbs 6 verses
- Proverbs 1:23 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Turn at my reproof. Behold, I will pour out my spirit on you. I will make known my words to you.
- Proverbs 16:32 בְּ֝/רוּח֗/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms One who is slow to anger is better than the mighty; One who rules his spirit, than he who takes a city.
- Proverbs 18:14 רֽוּחַ וְ/ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs conj + n c bs A man's spirit will sustain him in sickness, But a crushed spirit, who can bear?
- Proverbs 25:23 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs The north wind brings forth rain: So a backbiting tongue brings an angry face.
- Proverbs 25:28 לְ/רוּחֽ/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Like a city that is broken down and without walls Is a man whose spirit is without restraint.
- Proverbs 29:11 ר֭וּח/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms A fool vents all of his anger, But a wise man brings himself under control.
Ecclesiastes 3 verses
- Ecclesiastes 3:21 ר֚וּחַ וְ/ר֨וּחַ֙ n c bs cs conj + n c bs cs Who knows the spirit of man, whether it goes upward, and the spirit of the animal, whether it goes downward to the earth?"
- Ecclesiastes 7:9 בְּ/רֽוּחֲ/ךָ֖ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2ms Don't be hasty in your spirit to be angry, for anger rests in the bosom of fools.
- Ecclesiastes 10:4 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs If the spirit of the ruler rises up against you, don't leave your place; for gentleness lays great offenses to rest.
Isaiah 28 verses
- Isaiah 4:4 בְּ/ר֥וּחַ וּ/בְ/ר֥וּחַ prep + n c bs cs conj + prep + n c bs cs when the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from its midst, by the spirit of justice, and by the spirit of burning.
- Isaiah 11:2 ר֣וּחַ ר֧וּחַ ר֤וּחַ ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs n c bs cs n c bs cs n c bs cs The Spirit of Yahweh shall rest on him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of Yahweh.
- Isaiah 11:4 וּ/בְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + prep + n c bs cs but with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and decide with equity for the humble of the earth; and he shall strike the earth with the rod of his mouth; and with the breath of his lips shall he kill the wicked.
- Isaiah 11:15 רוּח֑/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Yahweh will utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with his scorching wind will he wave his hand over the River, and will strike it into seven streams, and cause men to march over in sandals.
- Isaiah 19:3 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs The spirit of Egypt shall fail in the midst of it; and I will destroy the counsel of it: and they shall seek to the idols, and to the charmers, and to those who have familiar spirits, and to the wizards.
- Isaiah 19:14 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Yahweh has mixed a spirit of perverseness in the midst of her; and they have caused Egypt to go astray in every work of it, as a drunken man staggers in his vomit.
- Isaiah 25:4 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs For you have been a stronghold to the poor, a stronghold to the needy in his distress, a refuge from the storm, a shade from the heat, when the blast of the awesome ones is as a storm against the wall.
- Isaiah 26:9 רוּחִ֥/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs With my soul have I desired you in the night; yes, with my spirit within me will I seek you earnestly: for when your judgments are in the earth, the inhabitants of the world learn righteousness.
- Isaiah 27:8 בְּ/רוּח֥/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms In measure, when you send them away, you do contend with them; he has removed [them] with his rough blast in the day of the east wind.
- Isaiah 28:6 וּ/לְ/ר֖וּחַ conj + prep + n c bs cs and a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment, and strength to those who turn back the battle at the gate.
- Isaiah 29:10 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs For Yahweh has poured out on you the spirit of deep sleep, and has closed your eyes, the prophets; and your heads, the seers, has he covered.
- Isaiah 30:1 רוּחִ֑/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Woe to the rebellious children, says Yahweh, who take counsel, but not of me; and who make a league, but not of my Spirit, that they may add sin to sin,
- Isaiah 30:28 וְ/רוּח֞/וֹ conj + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms and his breath is as an overflowing stream, that reaches even to the neck, to sift the nations with the sieve of destruction: and a bridle that causes to err [shall be] in the jaws of the peoples.
- Isaiah 33:11 רוּחֲ/כֶ֕ם n c bs cs + sfx pers 2mp You shall conceive chaff, you shall bring forth stubble: your breath is a fire that shall devour you.
- Isaiah 34:16 וְ/רוּח֖/וֹ conj + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Seek you out of the book of Yahweh, and read: no one of these shall be missing, none shall want her mate; for my mouth, it has commanded, and his Spirit, it has gathered them.
- Isaiah 38:16 רוּחִ֔/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Lord, by these things men live; Wholly therein is the life of my spirit: You restore me, and cause me to live.
- Isaiah 40:7 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs The grass withers, the flower fades, because the breath of Yahweh blows on it; surely the people is grass.
- Isaiah 40:13 ר֖וּחַ n c bs cs Who has directed the Spirit of Yahweh, or being his counselor has taught him?
- Isaiah 42:1 רוּחִ/י֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Behold, my servant, whom I uphold; my chosen, in whom my soul delights: I have put my Spirit on him; he will bring forth justice to the Gentiles.
- Isaiah 44:3 רוּחִ/י֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs For I will pour water on him who is thirsty, and streams on the dry ground; I will pour my Spirit on your seed, and my blessing on your offspring:
- Isaiah 48:16 וְ/רוּחֽ/וֹ conj + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Come you near to me, hear you this; from the beginning I have not spoken in secret; from the time that it was, there am I: and now the Lord Yahweh has sent me, and his Spirit.
- Isaiah 57:15 ר֔וּחַ ר֣וּחַ n c bs n c bs cs For thus says the high and lofty One who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy: I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also who is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite.
- Isaiah 59:19 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs So shall they fear the name of Yahweh from the west, and his glory from the rising of the sun; for he will come as a rushing stream, which the breath of Yahweh drives.
- Isaiah 59:21 רוּחִ/י֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs As for me, this is my covenant with them, says Yahweh: my Spirit who is on you, and my words which I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, nor out of the mouth of your seed, nor out of the mouth of your seed's seed, says Yahweh, from henceforth and forever.
- Isaiah 61:1 ר֛וּחַ n c bs cs The Spirit of the Lord Yahweh is on me; because Yahweh has anointed me to preach good news to the humble; he has sent me to bind up the broken-hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening [of the prison] to those who are bound;
- Isaiah 63:10 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs But they rebelled, and grieved his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, [and] himself fought against them.
- Isaiah 63:11 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs Then he remembered the days of old, Moses [and] his people, [saying], Where is he who brought them up out of the sea with the shepherds of his flock? where is he who put his holy Spirit in the midst of them?
- Isaiah 63:14 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs As the cattle that go down into the valley, the Spirit of Yahweh caused them to rest; so did you lead your people, to make yourself a glorious name.
Jeremiah 3 verses
- Jeremiah 13:24 לְ/ר֖וּחַ prep + n c bs cs Therefore will I scatter them, as the stubble that passes away, by the wind of the wilderness.
- Jeremiah 18:17 כְּ/רֽוּחַ prep + n c bs cs I will scatter them as with an east wind before the enemy; I will show them the back, and not the face, in the day of their calamity.
- Jeremiah 51:11 ר֨וּחַ֙ n c bs cs Make sharp the arrows; hold firm the shields: Yahweh has stirred up the spirit of the kings of the Medes; because his purpose is against Babylon, to destroy it: for it is the vengeance of Yahweh, the vengeance of his temple.
Lamentations 1 verse
Ezekiel 22 verses
- Ezekiel 1:4 ר֨וּחַ n c bs cs I looked, and, behold, a stormy wind came out of the north, a great cloud, with flashing lightning, and a brightness round about it, and out of the midst of it as it were glowing metal, out of the midst of the fire.
- Ezekiel 1:20 הָ/ר֤וּחַ הָ/ר֖וּחַ ר֥וּחַ ptcl def.art + n c bs ptcl def.art + n c bs n c bs cs Wherever the spirit was to go, they went; there was the spirit to go: and the wheels were lifted up beside them; for the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels.
- Ezekiel 1:21 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs When those went, these went; and when those stood, these stood; and when those were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up beside them: for the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels.
- Ezekiel 3:14 וְ/ר֥וּחַ רוּחִ֔/י conj + n c bs n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs So the Spirit lifted me up, and took me away; and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; and the hand of Yahweh was strong on me.
- Ezekiel 10:17 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs When they stood, these stood; and when they mounted up, these mounted up with them: for the spirit of the living creature was in them.
- Ezekiel 11:5 ר֣וּחַ רֽוּחֲ/כֶ֖ם n c bs cs n c bs cs + sfx pers 2mp The Spirit of Yahweh fell on me, and he said to me, Speak, Thus says Yahweh: Thus have you said, house of Israel; for I know the things that come into your mind.
- Ezekiel 11:24 וְ/ר֣וּחַ בְּ/ר֣וּחַ conj + n c bs prep + n c bs cs The Spirit lifted me up, and brought me in the vision by the Spirit of God into Chaldea, to them of the captivity. So the vision that I had seen went up from me.
- Ezekiel 13:3 רוּחָ֖/ם n c bs cs + sfx pers 3mp Thus says the Lord Yahweh, Woe to the foolish prophets, who follow their own spirit, and have seen nothing!
- Ezekiel 13:11 וְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + n c bs cs tell those who daub it with whitewash, that it shall fall: there shall be an overflowing shower; and you, great hailstones, shall fall; and a stormy wind shall tear it.
- Ezekiel 13:13 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: I will even tear it with a stormy wind in my wrath; and there shall be an overflowing shower in my anger, and great hailstones in wrath to consume it.
- Ezekiel 17:10 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs Yes, behold, being planted, shall it prosper? shall it not utterly wither, when the east wind touches it? it shall wither in the beds where it grew.
- Ezekiel 19:12 וְ/ר֥וּחַ conj + n c bs cs But it was plucked up in fury, it was cast down to the ground, and the east wind dried up its fruit: its strong rods were broken off and withered; the fire consumed them.
- Ezekiel 20:32 ר֣וּחֲ/כֶ֔ם n c bs cs + sfx pers 2mp and that which comes into your mind shall not be at all, in that you say, We will be as the nations, as the families of the countries, to serve wood and stone.
- Ezekiel 27:26 ר֚וּחַ n c bs cs Your rowers have brought you into great waters: the east wind has broken you in the heart of the seas.
- Ezekiel 36:27 רוּחִ֖/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and you shall keep my ordinances, and do them.
- Ezekiel 37:1 בְ/ר֨וּחַ֙ prep + n c bs cs The hand of Yahweh was on me, and he brought me out in the Spirit of Yahweh, and set me down in the midst of the valley; and it was full of bones.
- Ezekiel 37:14 רוּחִ֤/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs I will put my Spirit in you, and you shall live, and I will place you in your own land: and you shall know that I, Yahweh, have spoken it and performed it, says Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 39:29 רוּחִ/י֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs neither will I hide my face any more from them; for I have poured out my Spirit on the house of Israel, says the Lord Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 42:16 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs He measured on the east side with the measuring reed five hundred reeds, with the measuring reed round about.
- Ezekiel 42:17 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs He measured on the north side five hundred reeds with the measuring reed round about.
- Ezekiel 42:18 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs He measured on the south side five hundred reeds with the measuring reed.
- Ezekiel 42:19 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs He turned about to the west side, and measured five hundred reeds with the measuring reed.
Daniel 4 verses
- Daniel 2:1 רוּח֔/וֹ n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms In the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams; and his spirit was troubled, and his sleep went from him.
- Daniel 2:3 רוּחִ֔/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs The king said to them, I have dreamed a dream, and my spirit is troubled to know the dream.
- Daniel 8:8 רוּח֥וֹת n c bp cs The male goat magnified himself exceedingly: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and instead of it there came up four notable [horns] toward the four winds of the sky.
- Daniel 11:4 רוּח֣וֹת n c bp cs When he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of the sky, but not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion with which he ruled; for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others besides these.
Hosea 3 verses
- Hosea 4:12 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs My people consult with their wooded idol, And answer to a stick of wood. Indeed the spirit of prostitution has led them astray, And they have been unfaithful to their God.
- Hosea 5:4 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs Their deeds won't allow them to turn to their God; For the spirit of prostitution is within them, And they don't know Yahweh.
- Hosea 13:15 ר֨וּחַ n c bs cs Though he is fruitful among his brothers, an east wind will come, The breath of Yahweh coming up from the wilderness; And his spring will become dry, And his fountain will be dried up. He will plunder the storehouse of treasure.
Joel 2 verses
- Joel 2:28 רוּחִ/י֙ n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs "It will happen afterward, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh; And your sons and your daughters will prophesy. Your old men will dream dreams. Your young men will see visions.
- Joel 2:29 רוּחִֽ/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs And also on the servants and on the handmaids in those days, I will pour out my Spirit.
Jonah 1 verse
Micah 2 verses
- Micah 2:7 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs Shall it be said, O house of Jacob: "Is the Spirit of Yahweh angry? Are these his doings? Don't my words do good to him who walks blamelessly?"
- Micah 3:8 ר֣וּחַ n c bs cs But as for me, I am full of power by the Spirit of Yahweh, And of judgment, and of might, To declare to Jacob his disobedience, And to Israel his sin.
Haggai 2 verses
- Haggai 1:14 רוּחַ֩ ר֨וּחַ֙ ר֔וּחַ n c bs cs n c bs cs n c bs cs Yahweh stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua, the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people; and they came and worked on the house of Yahweh of Hosts, their God,
- Haggai 2:5 וְ/רוּחִ֖/י conj + n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs This is the word that I covenanted with you when you came out of Egypt, and my Spirit lived among you. Don't be afraid.'
Zechariah 8 verses
- Zechariah 2:6 רוּח֧וֹת n c bp cs Come! Come! Flee from the land of the north,' says Yahweh; 'for I have spread you abroad as the four winds of the sky,' says Yahweh.
- Zechariah 4:6 בְּ/רוּחִ֔/י prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Then he answered and spoke to me, saying, "This is the word of Yahweh to Zerubbabel, saying, 'Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit,' says Yahweh of Hosts.
- Zechariah 6:5 רֻח֣וֹת n c bp cs The angel answered me, "These are the four winds of the sky, which go forth from standing before the Lord of all the earth.
- Zechariah 6:8 רוּחִ֖/י n c bs cs + sfx pers 1cs Then he called to me, and spoke to me, saying, "Behold, those who go toward the north country have quieted my spirit in the north country."
- Zechariah 7:12 בְּ/רוּח֔/וֹ prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 3ms Yes, they made their hearts as hard as flint, lest they might hear the law, and the words which Yahweh of Hosts had sent by his Spirit by the former prophets. Therefore great wrath came from Yahweh of Hosts.
- Zechariah 12:1 רֽוּחַ n c bs cs An oracle. The word of Yahweh concerning Israel. Yahweh, who stretches out the heavens, and lays the foundation of the earth, and forms the spirit of man within him says:
- Zechariah 12:10 ר֤וּחַ n c bs cs I will pour on the house of David, and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplication; and they will look to me whom they have pierced; and they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for his only son, and will grieve bitterly for him, as one grieves for his firstborn.
- Zechariah 13:2 ר֥וּחַ n c bs cs It will come to pass in that day, says Yahweh of Hosts, that I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land, and they will no more be remembered; and also I will cause the prophets and the spirit of impurity to pass out of the land.
Malachi 2 verses
- Malachi 2:15 ר֨וּחַ֙ בְּ/ר֣וּחֲ/כֶ֔ם n c bs prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2mp Did he not make one, although he had the residue of the Spirit? Why one? He sought a godly seed. Therefore take heed to your spirit, and let none deal treacherously against the wife of his youth.
- Malachi 2:16 בְּ/רוּחֲ/כֶ֖ם prep + n c bs cs + sfx pers 2mp For I hate divorce," says Yahweh, the God of Israel, "and him who covers his garment with violence!' says Yahweh of Hosts. "Therefore take heed to your spirit, that you don't deal treacherously.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
רוח — transliterated rûwach — is a Hebrew noun carrying the sense “spirit.” It also covers “wind”, “breath”, and “mind”, alongside “spirit” — see its full sense range. With 348 verses in 32 books, it is a common word in the Hebrew Bible. It first appears in Genesis 1:2. From the same root come רוח, רוח and רחת. See the sense tree, 348-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
Strong's · 1890
air
Modern gloss
spirit
Strong's 1890 sometimes compressed multiple senses — or homonymous roots — under one number, and used 19th-century English phrasing that no longer carries the same connotation. The modern gloss reflects current BDB scholarship; open the Lexicon Entry tab for the full sense breakdown.
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About this word
Strong's H7307 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 348
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 348 distinct verses.
- 32 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 32 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #131
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 131 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 348 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 348 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 180 verses · 52%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 133 verses · 38%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 35 verses · 10%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Spirit 187×, Wind 72×, Breath 19×
- American Standard Version: Spirit 152×, Wind 68×, Breath 18×
- Berean Standard Bible: Spirit 181×, Wind 80×, Breath 30×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Spirit 133×, Wind 75×, Spirit of 70×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7307 across 377 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 67 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7307 across 376 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 78 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7307 across 368 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 31 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 9 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7307 across 410 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 27 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
40 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 40 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 times):
- a. רוּחַ פִּיו Jb 15:30 breath of his mouth, cf. 19:17; רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ La 4:20 (fig. of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Je 10:14 = 51:17, Hb 2:19 ψ 135:17; cf. Jb. 9:18 e.g. Job 15:30
- b. as mere breath: cf. 2 e. דִּבְרֵי־רוּחַ Jb 16:3 i.e. windy words; לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי נוֹאָשׁ Jb 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Je 5:13. e.g. Job 16:3
- c. as word of command: (1) of God: בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּל־ (נעשׂו) צְבָאָם ψ 33:6, cf. Is 34:16 (‖ פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Is 11:4. e.g. Psalms 33:6
- d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּחַ אַפּוֹ יִכְלוּ Jb 4:9 Ex 15:8 (poem), 2 S 22:16 = ψ 18:16, Is 30:28; 59:19; (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Is 25:4. e.g. Job 4:9
- e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַוִּים breath of life Gn 6:17; 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Gn 7:22 (P); Ez 37:5, cf. v 6, 8, 9(×3), 10, 14 (breath or spirit), Ec 3:19. e.g. Genesis 6:17
- 2. wind (117 times):
- a. wind of heaven: Gn 8:1 (P) Ex 15:10 (E) Nu 11:31 (J) 1 K 18:45 +, Je 10:13, thence 51:16 ψ 135:7; רוּחַ י׳ Ho 13:15 Is 40:7, cf. Jb 26:13 (Di Bu); †רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Ex 10:13(×2); 14:21 (J) ψ 48:8 Je 18:17 Ez 17:10; 19:12; 27:26 Jon 4:8; †ר׳ צָפוֹן north wind Pr 25:23; †ר׳ יָם sea wind (west wind) Ex 10:19 (J); †ר׳ הַיּוֹם day wind, evening wind Gn 3:8 (J; cf. Ct 2:17; 4:6); †אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת four winds Je 49:36 Ez 37:9 (quarters?) Dn 8:8; 11:4 (fig. quarters; cf. b), Zc 2:10; 6:5; רוּחַ סְעָרָה storm wind ψ 107:25; 148:8 Ez 1:4 (ר׳ סְעָרוֹת), 13:11, 13; רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind ψ 55:9 (read poss. סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֹ Is 11:15 (read בְּעֹצֶם ר׳, v. עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc.; wind personif.: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2 S 22:11 = ψ 18:11, 104:3, cf. Ho 4:19 ψ 104:4. e.g. Genesis 8:1
- b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ez 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֹן v 17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֹם v 18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם v 19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת v 20 1 Ch 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Je 52:23 on the sides. e.g. Ezekiel 42:16
- c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Je 14:6; רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵינֵיהֶם Jb 41:8. e.g. Jeremiah 14:6
- d. air, gas, from womb (dub.); כְּמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Is 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Is 33:11 (Du, 3 c). e.g. Isaiah 26:18
- e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַ חַיְּי֑ Jb 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ 15:2; רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Is 41:29; רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Ec 1:14; 2:11, 17, 26; 4:4, 6; 6:9; cf. 1:17; 4:16; 5:15 Ho 12:2 ψ 78:39. e.g. Job 7:7
- 3. spirit, as breathing quickly in animation, agitation = temper, disposition (76 times; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
- a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֹד רוּחַ 1 K 10:5 = 2 Ch 9:4; מַה־זֶּה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1 K 21:5; וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Gn 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֹ Ju 15:19; 1 S 30:12. e.g. 1 Kings 10:5
- b. courage: לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֹד ר׳ Jos 5:1; יִבְצֹר ר׳ נְגִידִים ψ 76:13; וְנָֽבְקָה ר׳ מִצְרַיִם Is 19:3; תתעטּף רוּחִי ψ 77:4; 142:4; 143:4; עוֹד ר׳ לֹא קָמָה Jos 2:11; ר׳ אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ Pr 18:14. e.g. Joshua 5:1
- c. temper, especially anger: רוּחָ רָעָה בֵּין וגו׳ Ju 9:23; אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם 8:3; משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֹ Pr 16:32, cf. 25:28; 29:11; Jb 15:13; הֵנִיחוּ אֶת־רוּחִי Zc 6:8; Ec 7:9; 10:4. e.g. Judges 9:23
- d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Ex 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, cf. (of י׳) Mi 2:7; קְצַר־רוּחַ Pr 14:29 (‖ אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Jb 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, cf. v 8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹא־תִקְצַר רוּחִי Jb 21:4; הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י׳ Mi 2:7; אֶרֶךְ ר׳ Ec 7:8. e.g. Exodus 6:9
- e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(י) (his) spirit was troubled Gn 41:8 (E) Dn 2:3, cf. v 1; מֹרַת רוּחַ Gn 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; עֲצוּבַת ר׳ Is 54:6, cf. Ez 3:14; Jb 6:4. e.g. Genesis 41:8
- f. as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָל־רוּחַ Ez 21:12, cf. Is 61:3; Pr 15:4, 13; 17:22; 18:14 ψ 143:7. e.g. Ezekiel 21:12
- g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶת־רוּחַ 1 Ch 5:26(×2;) 2 Ch 21:16; 36:22; Ezr 1:1, 5; Je 51:11; Hg 1:14(×3); הִנְנִי ן(וֹ)תֵן בּוֹ רוּחַ 2 K 19:7 = Is 37:7; Nu 14:24 (J; v. עִם 4 b), Mal 2:15(×2), 16; Dt 2:30; רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Nu 5:14(×2), 30 (P); רוּחַ זְנוּנִים Ho 4:12; 5:4; רוּחַ עִוְעִים Is 19:14; רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט 28:6; אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים בּוֹ (administrative) Gn 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ תְּבוּנָה Pr 17:27. e.g. 1 Chronicles 5:26
- h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ רוּחַ בּוֹ Nu 27:18 (P; or g, as Gn 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַל־אֱלִישָׁע 2 K 2:15, cf. v 9; רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, cf. Gn 2:21; 15:12, but Di al. g, as Is 19:14) Is 29:10; Mi 2:11; רוּחַ הַטֻּמְאָה Zc 13:2 (of lying proph.), cf. Ez 13:3. e.g. Numbers 27:18
- 4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, ‖ נֶפֶשׁ (25 times):
- a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֹ Zc 12:1; רוּחַ אֱלוֹהַּ בְּאַפִּי Jb 27:3, cf. Is 42:5. e.g. Zechariah 12:1
- b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Jb 10:12, cf. 12:10; אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Nu 16:22; 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֹת Pr 16:2. e.g. Job 10:12
- c. it is therefore God’s spirit: Gn 6:3 (J; v. דִּין ad fin.). e.g. Genesis 6:3
- d. it departs at death: ψ 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Is 38:16 (Di principle of life), ψ 146:4; especially 104:29, 30; Jb 17:1; 34:14 (cf. v 15), Is 57:16; Ec 8:8(×2) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֹדֵעַ מַה־דֶּרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Ec 11:5, cf. 3:21; over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ 12:7; בְּיָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי ψ 31:6. e.g. Psalms 78:39
- e. disembodied being (dub., Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַל־פָּנַי יַחֲלֹף Jb 4:15. e.g. Job 4:15
- 5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
- a. desire (poss. 3 g), Is 26:9 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ). e.g. Isaiah 26:9
- b. sorrow, trouble (prob. 3 e), Jb 7:11 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ).—1 S 1:15 v. קָשֶׁה. e.g. Job 7:11
- 6. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, ‖ לֵב, or synon. with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Ex 28:3; Dt 34:9 (both P; prob. 3 g); תֹּעֵי רוּחַ Is 29:24, cf. Jb 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job’s words), ψ 77:7 (𝔊 Sym 𝔖 Jer troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Is 40:13; come into mind Ez 11:5, 20:32 (cf. לֵב Is 65:17; Je 3:16 +); 1 Ch 28:12. e.g. Exodus 28:3
- 7. rarely of the will; also = לֵב: רוּחַ נָכוֹן ψ 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֹן 57:8(×2) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה v 14; נָֽדְבָה רוּחוֹ Ex 35:21 (P; cf. נְדִיב לֵב Ex 35:5, 22 (P) 2 Ch 29:31). e.g. Psalms 51:12
- 8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = לֵב: רוחֵ חֲדָשָׁה Ez 11:19; 18:31; 36:26; רוּחִו v 27 Is 59:21 (רוּחִי, ‖ דְּבָרַי; but prob. prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ez 18:31; 36:26; נְכֵה רוּחַ Is 66:2; דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ ψ 34:19 (cf. לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Is 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Is 65:14 (cf. 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרָה ψ 51:19; (‖ לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, cf. נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב 34:19 Is 61:1); ψ 32:2; Pr 11:13; 16:18 ψ 78:8 Ec 7:8 (cf. גְּבַהּ לֵב Pr 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Pr 16:19; 29:23; Is 57:15; רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים v 15 (cf. 3 f). e.g. Ezekiel 11:19
- 9. spirit of God (94 times; not D or Je or any Deut. writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy prob. discredited from abuse by false prophets, v. נביא, נבא):
- a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Nu 11:17, 25(×2), 26, 29 (J), 1 S 10:6, 10 (cf. v 5), 19:20, 23; as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as ר׳ אֱלֹהִים רָעָה 1 S 16:15(×2), 16, = ר׳ רָעָה מֵאֵת י׳ v 14 = צלח ר׳ א׳ רָעָה 18:10 (other narrative) = ר׳ י׳ רָעָה 19:9; ר׳ א׳ 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v 23, cf. הָרוּחַ 1 K 22:21 = ר׳ שֶׁקֶר v 22, 23 = 2 Ch 18:20, 21, 22 = רוּחַ י׳ 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23; cf. also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, ‖ הַנָּבִיא Ho 9:7; רוּחַ י׳ Mi 3:8 (‖ כֹּחַ) is prob. gloss. (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Is 30:1; רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ez 2:2; 3:12, 14, 24; 8:3; 11:1, 5, 24 (Co gloss.), 37:1; 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), cf. Elijah 1 K 18:12; 2 K 2:16. e.g. Numbers 11:17
- b. spirit as impelling proph. to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition prob. Nu 24:2; 2 S 23:2; 1 Ch 12:18; elsewhere in Ch.: 2 Ch 15:1; 20:14; 24:20; distinctly in Is 11:2, 48:16, cf. 61:1; so of ancient prophets, Zc 7:12 Ne 9:30, cf., of future prophetic gift, Jo 3:1, 2. e.g. Numbers 24:2
- c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מושִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Isr.: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ י׳ על Ju 3:10; 11:29, cf. 6:34; 13:25; 14:6, 19; 15:14; 1 S 11:6; 16:13, 14; so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֹם Is 32:15; (2) resting upon Messianic king: Is 11:2(×3); upon servant of י׳, 42:1. e.g. Judges 3:10
- d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Ex 31:3; 35:31 (P); understanding Jb 32:8 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Pr 1:23. e.g. Exodus 31:3
- e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Gn 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Jb 33:4 (‖ נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opp. בָּשָׂר: Is 31:3; in cherubic chariot: Ez 1:12, cf. v 20, 21; 10:17; reviving Israel Ez 39:29; Zc 12:10; Is 44:3. e.g. Genesis 1:2
- f. = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: ר׳ קָדְשׁוֹ Is 63:10, 11 = ר׳ י׳ v 14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו v 9), cf. ψ 106:33; so also ר׳ קָדְשְׁךָ ψ 51:13 (in national prayer), cf. Ne 9:20 ψ 143:10; proph. of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֹכֲכֶם Hg 2:5; Zc 4:6; this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, ψ 139:7 (‖ פָּנֶיךָ; cf. v 8). e.g. Isaiah 63:10
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.f. Gn 41:8 (less often m. Nu 11:31) breath, wind, spirit;—abs. ר׳ Gn 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Je 52:23; cstr. רוּחַ Gn 6:17 +; sf. רוּחִי v 3 +, רוּחֲךָ ψ 104:30 +, etc.; pl. רוּחוֹת v 4 +, רֻחוֹת Je 49:36, רוּחֹת Nu 16:22; 26:16 (v. Brרוה in OT, JBL xix (1900), 132 ff., full statement of all passages);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from רוח (rûwach) (H7306) — to smell.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
רְוַוח
- 1. to be wide, extend; to be easy; ר׳ ל־ to feel relieved. Targ. Job XXXII, 20.—[Targ. Ps. XXIII, 5 רויחא Ms., ed. Lag. רווחא, v. רְוִיתָא.]—Snh. 7ᵃ כיון דר׳ ר׳, v. בִּדְקָא. Ḥull. 8ᵃ בית … מִירְוַוח ר׳ the cut widens, i.e. the parts cut through go apart, and are not affected by the heat of the knife. B. Bath. 90ᵇ תרעא דר׳ ר׳ when the market becomes easy (prices fall), it remains so (for the rest of the year). Taan. 23ᵇ אמינא … ר׳ עלמא וכ׳ (Ms. M. דוו, corr. acc.) I thought, as it has been raining, the world is at ease (prices will come down). Keth. 80ᵇ, v. רַוְוחָא. B. Bath. 167ᵃ (suspecting an erasure in a document) מ"ט רְוִיחַ ליה עלמא להאי וי"ו why has this Vav so much space?, opp. דחוק; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. XX, end, 17ᵈ נפל ביתיה על מאן דרויח עליה his house fell in over him who felt at ease (?), v. צְנִינִים.—[
- 2. to make room. Targ. Is. XLIX, 20 רְוַח לי (prob. to be read: רַוַּח Pa.; h. text גְּשָׁה.]
- 1. to widen, make room; give comfort. Targ. Prov. XVIII, 16 (h. text ירחיב).—Part. pass. מְרַוַּוח; f. מְרַוְּוחָא; pl. מרַוְּוחִין; מְרַוְּוחָן, מְרַוְּח׳. Targ. Jer. XXII, 14.—
- 2. (denom. of רוּחַ) to inspire.—Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Y. Deut. XXXII, 24 [read:] מְרַוְּוחֵי רוּחִין בישין possessed by evil spirits.
- 1. to make room, widen; to relieve. Targ. Y. Gen. XXVI, 22. Targ. Lam. III, 56 לאַרְוָוחוּתְנִי (verbal noun); a. e.—Sabb. 151ᵇ האי כוחלא … מַרְוַוח (or מְרַוַּוח Pa.) stibium widens (improves the eye-sight) up to forty years of age, מכאן … אַרְוָחֵי לא מרווח after that … it preserves the eye-sight, but does not improve it; a. e.—Part. pass. מַרְוַוח open; vacant. Targ. II Chr. XXIII, 15. Targ. I Sam. XX, 25; 27 (h. text ויִפָּקֵד).
- 2. to make profit, gain. Y. Ned. V, end, 39ᵇ חד בר נש נדר דלא מַרְוַוח (not מרווחא) a man made a vow that he would make no profit (in business). Ib. [read:] א"ל מאי אשבעת א"ל דלא מַרְוַוחְנָא he asked him, what didst thou swear (not to do)? Said he, that I will make no profit (v. Asheri to Gitt. 35ᵇ).
- 3. to cause to profit. B. Mets. 73ᵃ bot. אנא נטרנא … ומרווחנא להו בכמה I wait for them (give them time to move) until Iyar, and thus I benefit them greatly; a. e.—Part. pass. מַרְוַוח. Ber. 56ᵃ מ׳ עסקך thy business will be profitable, opp. פסיד.
- a) אתר׳ ל־ to be relieved; to be better. Targ. I Sam. VI, 3. Ib. XVI, 23; a. e.—b) to be blessed (with issue, with increase of wealth). Targ. Gen. XX, 17. Targ. Y. ib. XXII, 20. Ib. XXV, 21. Ib. XXVI, 31.
רָוַח
- , v. sub רווח.
רוּחַ I
- to smell, v. רִיחַ.
רוּחַ II
- 1. wind, air; direction, side. Ex. R. s. 1522 שלשה בריות … המים והר׳ וכ׳ three creations preceded the formation of the world: water, air, and fire; הר׳ הרה וכ׳ the air (spirit) conceived and gave birth to wisdom. B. Mets. 107ᵇ הכל בר׳ all (diseases) are caused by the air. Ḥag. 12ᵃ עשרה … ר׳ ומים וכ׳ ten things were created on the first day: heaven …, air and water &c. Ib. 12ᵇ הרים בר׳ the mountains are sustained by the air, ר׳ בסערה the air by the wind-storm.—Ber. 31ᵃ יכול … לכל ר׳ שירצה you may think a man may pray facing any direction he may desire. B. Bath. 22ᵇ מר׳ אחת from one side. Ib. II, 9 לכל ר׳ עושה וכ׳ one may erect a tannery on any side of the town except the western. Ib. 25ᵇ ר׳ דרומית the southern wind. Kil. V, 5; a. v. fr.—Pl. רוּחוֹת. Ab. III, 17 שאפי׳ כל הר׳ וכ׳ even if all the winds were to come and blow at them &c. Kil. III, 1 בארבע ר׳ הערוגה on the four sides of the bed. Y. ib. VI, end, 30ᶜ מגופף מארבע רוּחוֹתָיו enclosed on its four sides. Pes. 94ᵃ לארבע ר׳ העולם he may turn towards any of the four directions of the world; a. v. fr.
- 2. mind, disposition, spirit. Ab. III, 10, v. נוּחַ h. Y. Peah I, 15ᶜ bot., a. e., v. הֲנָחָה. Ab. IV, 7, v. גַּס III. Ib. V, 19 ר׳ נמוכה a lowly spirit; a. v. fr.
- 3. spirit, soul. Gen. R. s. 7, end נפש חיה זה רוּחוֹ של וכ׳ ‘a living soul’ (Gen. II, 19), this means the soul of Adam. Gen. R. s. 2 ורוח אלהים זו רוחו וכ׳ ‘and the spirit of God’ (Gen. I, 2), this means the soul of the king Messiah; a. v. fr.—Esp. ר׳ הקדש (abbr. רוה"ק) the holy spirit, prophetic inspiration, intuition. Ab. Zar. 20ᵇ קדושה … רוה"ק sanctity (of life) leads to prophetic inspiration. Meg. 7ᵃ אסתר ברוה"ק וכ׳ the Book of Esther was composed in a spirit of prophecy. Yoma 9ᵇ משמתו … נסתלקה רוה"ק וכ׳ with the death of the last prophets, Haggai …, the prophetic spirit was withdrawn from Israel. Ber. 10ᵃ חזאי לי ברוה"ק וכ׳ I saw in a prophetic vision that unworthy children would go forth &c.; a. v. fr.—Snḥ. 65ᵇ, a. fr. ר׳ טומאה unholy inspiration (augury &c.). e.g. Genesis 2:19
- 4. (evil) spirit, demon. Pes. 112ᵃ ר׳ רעה (סכנת) the danger threatening from an evil spirit; a. fr.—ר׳ צרדה, ר׳ צרעת, ר׳ תזזית &c., v. respective determinants.—Pl. רוּחוֹת, רוּחִין. Gen. R. s. 20 ר׳ הזכרים male demons; ר׳ נקבות female demons. Erub. 18ᵇ הוליד ר׳ ושדין וכ׳ begot spirits and demons &c.; a. fr.
רִיחַ
- (b. h.) to breathe, waft, blow.—Denom. רוּחַ.
- to scent, smell. Gen. R. s. 34 הלך וַהֲרִיחָהּ (not וריחה) he went and smelled of it. Ib. (ref. to Gen. VIII, 21) ה׳ ריחו של אברהם וכ׳ he smelled the savor of Abraham, our father, rising from the fiery furnace (foresaw the self-sacrifice of Abraham); ה׳ דורו של שמד he smelled the savor of the generation of persecution (foresaw their martyrdom). Snh. 11ᵃ ה׳ ריח שום he perceived the smell of garlic. Zeb. 62ᵃ הֵרִיחוּ ריח קטרת they smelled the savor of frankincense (at the place where the Temple had stood). Nidd. 58ᵇ כל המוללו מֵרִיחַ בו whoever crushes it, smells its odor. Snh. 109ᵃ לערב באין ומְרִיחִין אותו וכ׳ in the evening they came and scented it (the balsam) like a dog. Yoma VIII, 4 עוברה שהֵרִיחָה וכ׳ a woman with child that smelled (a dish on the Day of Atonement, and has a morbid desire for it) must be given to eat, until she feels restored. B. Bath. 146ᵃ bot. ריח צנון אני מריח בגליל I smell a radish in Galilee (have a strong appetite for a Galilean radish); a. fr. e.g. Genesis 8:21
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 123 distinct written forms H7307 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 63 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7307, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 6 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 335 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 348 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 1:2
- Exodus 6:9
- Numbers 5:14
- Deuteronomy 2:30
- Joshua 2:11
- Judges 3:10
- 1 Samuel 1:15
- 2 Samuel 22:11
- 1 Kings 10:5
- 2 Kings 2:9
- 1 Chronicles 5:26
- 2 Chronicles 9:4
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
