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ἀδελφός

brother

‘brother’ is one of 6 main senses fuller range ↓

G80 Strong's Greek
adelphós Transliteration
/ad-el-fos'/ Pronunciation
Usage in the GNT 343 appearances

Compare with another word →

About this entry

At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.

αδελφος (adelphós) is a Greek noun most often rendered “brother.” Its English rendering has broadened — “brethren” classically, “brothers” (Berean Standard Bible) in modern versions; see the renderings breakdown. Spanning 317 verses in 25 books, it ranks among the common words of the Greek New Testament. It first appears in Matthew 1:2. Its lexical range runs to 6 senses. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.

Gloss history

Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship

Strong's · 1890
brother
Modern gloss
brother
Strong's 1890 agrees
Strong's 1890 and current Thayer scholarship align on this entry's primary sense — a good signal that the gloss above is unambiguous and stable. Download share card

About this word

Strong's G80 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.

These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →

317
distinct verses
The word appears in 317 distinct verses.
25 / 27
NT books
The word appears in 25 of 27 New Testament books.
Matthew 1:2
first appearance
The earliest occurrence is in Matthew 1:2.
Revelation 22:9
last appearance
The latest occurrence is in Revelation 22:9.
#52
by frequency
Top 100 most frequent Greek words (rank 52 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).

View all 317 occurrences in the concordance →


Most concentrated in

By section of the New Testament

  • Gospels 82 · 26%
  • Acts 56 · 18%
  • Pauline Epistles 127 · 40%
  • General Epistles 47 · 15%
  • Revelation 5 · 2%

By traditional corpus

Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 317 distinct verses.

  • Pauline corpus 127 verses · 40%
  • Gospels 82 verses · 26%
  • Lukan (Luke–Acts) 76 verses · 24%
  • General (Catholic) Epistles 37 verses · 12%
  • Johannine 35 verses · 11%
  • Hebrews 10 verses · 3%
  • Revelation 5 verses · 2%

How translations render this word

Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).

  • King James Version: Brethren 224×, Brother 113×, Brother's 6×
  • American Standard Version: Brethren 215×, Brother 112×, To 5×
  • Berean Standard Bible: Brothers 223×, Brother 101×, Brother’s 6×
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text: Brothers 223×, Brother 120×, Of 9×

King James Version Public Domain

Renders G80 across 346 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Brethren” 224×
  • “Brother” 113×
  • “Brother's” 6×

Plus 3 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

American Standard Version Public Domain

Renders G80 across 354 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Brethren” 215×
  • “Brother” 112×
  • “To” 5×
  • “Unto” 5×
  • “'s brother” 4×
  • “The” 2×

Plus 11 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

Berean Standard Bible Public Domain

Renders G80 across 335 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Brothers” 223×
  • “Brother” 101×
  • “Brother’s” 6×

Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 8 further occurrences.

unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0

Renders G80 across 369 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Brothers” 223×
  • “Brother” 120×
  • “Of” 9×
  • “To” 8×
  • “For” 3×
  • “With” 2×

Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.


Senses in Thayer's

The 6 senses Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.

  1. a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother
  2. having the same national ancestor, belonging to the same people, or countryman
  3. any fellow or man
  4. a fellow believer, united to another by the bond of affection
  5. an associate in employment or office
  6. brethren in Christ

Word origin

Derived from Α (A) (G1) — alpha.

Part of speech: Noun Masculine TDNT: 03:24,2

From G1 (as a connective particle) and δελφύς delphus (the womb ); a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like [ H1 ]): - brother.

— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.


Forms in the corpus

The 14 distinct written forms G80 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.

Form Parsing Example Uses
ἀδελφοί adelphoí Noun, Vocative, Plural, Masculine Acts 1:16 109
ἀδελφὸν adelphòn Noun, Accusative, Singular, Masculine Matthew 4:18 33
ἀδελφοὶ adelphoì Noun, Nominative, Plural, Masculine Matthew 12:46 29
ἀδελφοὺς adelphoùs Noun, Accusative, Plural, Masculine Matthew 1:2 28
ἀδελφὸς adelphòs Noun, Nominative, Singular, Masculine Matthew 10:2 28
ἀδελφῶν adelphō̂n Noun, Genitive, Plural, Masculine Matthew 20:24 21
ἀδελφοῖς adelphoîs Noun, Dative, Plural, Masculine Matthew 28:10 17
ἀδελφοῦ adelphoû Noun, Genitive, Singular, Masculine Matthew 7:3 17
ἀδελφός adelphós Noun, Nominative, Singular, Masculine Matthew 5:23 15
ἀδελφῷ adelphō̂ Noun, Dative, Singular, Masculine Matthew 5:22 14
ἀδελφούς adelphoús Noun, Accusative, Plural, Masculine Matthew 4:18 11
ἀδελφόν adelphón Noun, Accusative, Singular, Masculine Matthew 18:15 8
Ἀδελφοί Adelphoí Noun, Vocative, Plural, Masculine Romans 10:1 7
ἀδελφέ adelphé Noun, Vocative, Singular, Masculine Luke 6:42 6

Same root — word family

Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G80, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derives from

Shares the same root

+149 more words share this root (not shown).

Derived from this word

Proper names from this root

People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.

Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 178 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.


Septuagint usage

The same Greek word αδελφος appears 648 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 582 verses in 32 books.

648
LXX occurrences
Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
582
verses
Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
32 / 39
OT books
The word appears in 32 of the 39 Old Testament books.

Sample Septuagint occurrences

Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)

Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G80) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 582. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.

These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G80) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.

Reading settings

Reading text

Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.