מוּת
to die
also: kill, have one executed fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Qal verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘die’
- Hophal
- The passive counterpart of the Hiphil (“he was caused to…”). Here: ‘by conspiracy 2 K 11’
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”). Here: ‘of killing men in personal combat’
- Polel
- A stem of hollow/geminate roots functioning like the Piel — intensive active.
Form
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Infinitive Absolute
- An unbound verbal noun, often intensifying or standing in for a finite verb.
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Imperative
- A direct command (“write!”).
- Jussive
- A third- or second-person volitional form expressing wish or command (“let him write”).
- Participle Passive
- A verbal adjective expressing action received (“written”).
- Cohortative
- A first-person volitional form expressing wish or resolve (“let me / let us write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H4191 appears in the Book of Genesis — 72 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis
- Genesis 2:17 מ֥וֹת תָּמֽוּת Qal inf.abs Qal impf 2ms but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat of it: for in the day that you eat of it you will surely die."
- Genesis 3:3 תְּמֻתֽוּ/ן Qal impf 2mp + sfx n but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, 'You shall not eat of it, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.'"
- Genesis 3:4 מ֖וֹת תְּמֻתֽוּ/ן Qal inf.abs Qal impf 2mp + sfx n The serpent said to the woman, "You won't surely die,
- Genesis 5:5 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days that Adam lived were nine hundred thirty years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:8 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Seth were nine hundred twelve years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:11 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Enosh were nine hundred five years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:14 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms and all the days of Kenan were nine hundred ten years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:17 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Mahalalel were eight hundred ninety-five years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:20 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty-two years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:27 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty-nine years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:31 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Lamech were seven hundred seventy-seven years, then he died.
- Genesis 7:22 מֵֽתוּ Qal pf 3cp All in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, of all that was on the dry land, died.
- Genesis 9:29 וַ/יָּמֹֽת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms All the days of Noah were nine hundred fifty years, then he died.
- Genesis 11:28 וַ/יָּ֣מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
- Genesis 11:32 וַ/יָּ֥מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms The days of Terah were two hundred five years. Terah died in Haran.
- Genesis 18:25 לְ/הָמִ֤ית prep + Hiphil inf.cs Be it far from you to do things like that, to kill the righteous with the wicked, that so the righteous should be as the wicked. May that be far from you. Shouldn't the Judge of all the earth do right?"
- Genesis 19:19 וָ/מַֽתִּי conj + Qal pf 1cs See now, your servant has found favor in your sight, and you have magnified your loving kindness, which you have shown to me in saving my life. I can't escape to the mountain, lest evil overtake me, and I die.
- Genesis 20:3 מֵת֙ Qal ptcp.act ms But God came to Abimelech in a dream of the night, and said to him, "Behold, you are a dead man, because of the woman whom you have taken. For she is a man's wife."
- Genesis 20:7 מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת Qal inf.abs Qal impf 2ms Now therefore, restore the man's wife. For he is a prophet, and he will pray for you, and you will live. If you don't restore her, know for sure that you will die, you, and all who are yours."
- Genesis 23:2 וַ/תָּ֣מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3fs Sarah died in Kiriath Arba (the same is Hebron), in the land of Canaan. Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.
- Genesis 23:3 מֵת֑/וֹ Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Abraham rose up from before his dead, and spoke to the children of Heth, saying,
- Genesis 23:4 מֵתִ֖/י Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs "I am a stranger and a foreigner living with you. Give me a possession of a burying-place with you, that I may bury my dead out of my sight."
- Genesis 23:6 מֵתֶ֑/ךָ מֵתֶֽ/ךָ Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 2ms "Hear us, my lord. You are a prince of God among us. In the choice of our tombs bury your dead. None of us will withhold from you his tomb, but that you may bury your dead."
- Genesis 23:8 מֵתִ/י֙ Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He talked with them, saying, "If it be your mind that I should bury my dead out of my sight, hear me, and entreat for me to Ephron the son of Zohar,
- Genesis 23:11 מֵתֶֽ/ךָ Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 2ms "No, my lord, hear me. I give you the field, and I give you the cave that is in it. In the presence of the children of my people I give it to you. Bury your dead."
- Genesis 23:13 מֵתִ֖/י Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He spoke to Ephron in the audience of the people of the land, saying, "But if you will, please hear me. I will give the price of the field. Take it from me, and I will bury my dead there."
- Genesis 23:15 מֵתְ/ךָ֖ Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 2ms "My lord, listen to me. What is a piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver between me and you? Therefore bury your dead."
- Genesis 25:8 וַ/יָּ֧מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Abraham gave up the spirit, and died in a good old age, an old man, and full of years, and was gathered to his people.
- Genesis 25:17 וַ/יָּ֔מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms These are the years of the life of Ishmael: one hundred thirty-seven years. He gave up the spirit and died, and was gathered to his people.
- Genesis 25:32 לָ/מ֑וּת prep + Qal inf.cs Esau said, "Behold, I am about to die. What good is the birthright to me?"
- Genesis 26:9 אָמ֖וּת Qal impf 1cs Abimelech called Isaac, and said, "Behold, surely she is your wife. Why did you say, 'She is my sister?'" Isaac said to him, "Because I said, 'Lest I die because of her.'"
- Genesis 26:11 מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת Qal inf.abs Hophal impf 3ms Abimelech charged all the people, saying, "He who touches this man or his wife will surely be put to death."
- Genesis 27:4 אָמֽוּת Qal impf 1cs Make me savory food, such as I love, and bring it to me, that I may eat, and that my soul may bless you before I die."
- Genesis 30:1 מֵתָ֥ה Qal ptcp.act fs When Rachel saw that she bore Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister. She said to Jacob, "Give me children, or else I will die."
- Genesis 33:13 וָ/מֵ֖תוּ conj + Qal wpf 3cp Jacob said to him, "My lord knows that the children are tender, and that the flocks and herds with me have their young, and if they overdrive them one day, all the flocks will die.
- Genesis 35:8 וַ/תָּ֤מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3fs Deborah, Rebekah's nurse, died, and she was buried below Bethel under the oak; and the name of it was called Allon Bacuth.
- Genesis 35:18 מֵ֔תָה Qal pf 3fs It happened, as her soul was departing (for she died), that she named him Ben-oni, but his father named him Benjamin.
- Genesis 35:19 וַ/תָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3fs Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Ephrath (the same is Bethlehem).
- Genesis 35:29 וַ/יָּ֨מָת֙ conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Isaac gave up the spirit, and died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days. Esau and Jacob, his sons, buried him.
- Genesis 36:33 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Bela died, and Jobab, the son of Zerah of Bozrah, reigned in his place.
- Genesis 36:34 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Jobab died, and Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
- Genesis 36:35 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Husham died, and Hadad, the son of Bedad, who struck Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his place. The name of his city was Avith.
- Genesis 36:36 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his place.
- Genesis 36:37 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Samlah died, and Shaul of Rehoboth by the river, reigned in his place.
- Genesis 36:38 וַ/יָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Shaul died, and Baal Hanan, the son of Achbor reigned in his place.
- Genesis 36:39 וַ/יָּמָת֮ conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Baal Hanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his place. The name of his city was Pau. His wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.
- Genesis 37:18 לַ/הֲמִיתֽ/וֹ prep + Hiphil inf.cs + sfx pers 3ms They saw him afar off, and before he came near to them, they conspired against him to kill him.
- Genesis 38:7 וַ/יְמִתֵ֖/הוּ conj + Hiphil wimpf 3ms + sfx pers 3ms Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of Yahweh. Yahweh killed him.
- Genesis 38:10 וַ/יָּ֖מֶת conj + Hiphil wimpf 3ms The thing which he did was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and he killed him also.
- Genesis 38:11 יָמ֥וּת Qal impf 3ms Then Judah said to Tamar, his daughter-in-law, "Remain a widow in your father's house, until Shelah, my son, is grown up;" for he said, "Lest he also die, like his brothers." Tamar went and lived in her father's house.
- Genesis 38:12 וַ/תָּ֖מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3fs After many days, Shua's daughter, the wife of Judah, died. Judah was comforted, and went up to his sheep-shearers to Timnah, he and his friend Hirah, the Adullamite.
- Genesis 42:2 נָמֽוּת Qal impf 1cp He said, "Behold, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt. Go down there, and buy for us from there, so that we may live, and not die."
- Genesis 42:20 תָמ֑וּתוּ Qal impf 2mp Bring your youngest brother to me; so will your words be verified, and you won't die." They did so.
- Genesis 42:37 תָּמִ֔ית Hiphil impf 2ms Reuben spoke to his father, saying, "Kill my two sons, if I don't bring him to you. Deliver him into my hand, and I will bring him to you again."
- Genesis 42:38 מֵ֜ת Qal pf 3ms He said, "My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he only is left. If harm happens to him by the way in which you go, then you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol."
- Genesis 43:8 נָמ֔וּת Qal impf 1cp Judah said to Israel, his father, "Send the boy with me, and we will arise and go, so that we may live, and not die, both we, and you, and also our little ones.
- Genesis 44:9 וָ/מֵ֑ת conj + Qal wpf 3ms With whoever of your servants it be found, let him die, and we also will be my lord's bondservants."
- Genesis 44:20 מֵ֜ת Qal pf 3ms We said to my lord, 'We have a father, an old man, and a child of his old age, a little one; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother; and his father loves him.'
- Genesis 44:22 וָ/מֵֽת conj + Qal wpf 3ms We said to my lord, 'The boy can't leave his father: for if he should leave his father, his father would die.'
- Genesis 44:31 וָ/מֵ֑ת conj + Qal wpf 3ms it will happen, when he sees that the boy is no more, that he will die. Your servants will bring down the gray hairs of your servant, our father, with sorrow to Sheol.
- Genesis 45:28 אָמֽוּת Qal impf 1cs Israel said, "It is enough. Joseph my son is still alive. I will go and see him before I die."
- Genesis 46:12 וַ/יָּ֨מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
- Genesis 46:30 אָמ֣וּתָה Qal coh 1cs Israel said to Joseph, "Now let me die, since I have seen your face, that you are still alive."
- Genesis 47:15 נָמ֖וּת Qal impf 1cp When the money was all spent in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all the Egyptians came to Joseph, and said, "Give us bread, for why should we die in your presence? For our money fails."
- Genesis 47:19 נָמ֣וּת נָמ֔וּת Qal impf 1cp Qal impf 1cp Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants to Pharaoh. Give us seed, that we may live, and not die, and that the land won't be desolate."
- Genesis 47:29 לָ/מוּת֒ prep + Qal inf.cs The time drew near that Israel must die, and he called his son Joseph, and said to him, "If now I have found favor in your sight, please put your hand under my thigh, and deal kindly and truly with me. Please don't bury me in Egypt,
- Genesis 48:7 מֵ֩תָה֩ Qal pf 3fs As for me, when I came from Paddan, Rachel died by me in the land of Canaan in the way, when there was still some distance to come to Ephrath, and I buried her there in the way to Ephrath (the same is Bethlehem)."
- Genesis 48:21 מֵ֑ת Qal ptcp.act ms Israel said to Joseph, "Behold, I am dying, but God will be with you, and bring you again to the land of your fathers.
- Genesis 50:5 מֵת֒ Qal ptcp.act ms 'My father made me swear, saying, "Behold, I am dying. Bury me in my grave which I have dug for myself in the land of Canaan." Now therefore, please let me go up and bury my father, and I will come again.'"
- Genesis 50:15 מֵ֣ת Qal pf 3ms When Joseph's brothers saw that their father was dead, they said, "It may be that Joseph will hate us, and will fully pay us back for all of the evil which we did to him.
- Genesis 50:24 מֵ֑ת Qal ptcp.act ms Joseph said to his brothers, "I am dying, but God will surely visit you, and bring you up out of this land to the land which he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob."
- Genesis 50:26 וַ/יָּ֣מָת conj + Qal wimpf 3ms So Joseph died, being one hundred ten years old, and they embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew verb מות centers on the idea of “to die.” Where the King James Version keeps “slay,” modern versions use “died” — see the renderings breakdown. It appears 695 verses across 28 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its most common vocabulary. Its earliest occurrence is Genesis 2:17. Different stems carry different senses — BDB groups them under 4 stems, among them Qal and Hiphil. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H4191 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 695
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 695 distinct verses.
- 28 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 28 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #54
- by frequency
- Top 100 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 54 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 695 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 695 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 353 verses · 51%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 242 verses · 35%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 100 verses · 14%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Died 97×, Die 57×, Dead 49×
- American Standard Version: Died 97×, Die 48×, Dead 37×
- Berean Standard Bible: Died 98×, Die 65×, Dead 44×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Died 97×, Die 85×, He died 57×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H4191 across 833 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 174 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 2 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H4191 across 831 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 227 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H4191 across 771 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 141 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 69 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H4191 across 995 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 112 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
25 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses Hophal (the passive of Hiphil) and one or more reduplicated stems (the Pōlēl/Pilpēl type), which for hollow or geminate roots behave much like Piel — often intensive or iterative.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 25 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- Pf. 3 ms. מֵת Gn 42:38 +; 3 fs. מֵ֫תָה Gn 35:18 +; 2 ms. מַתָּה Ez 28:8; 1 s. וָמַ֑תִּי Gn 19:19; 3 mpl. מֵ֫תוּ Gn 7:22 +; 1 pl. מַתְנוּ Nu 14:2 2 K 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּ Nu 14:9 +; Impf. יָמוּת Gn 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת Dt 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת Gn 11:28 +; 1 s. אָמוּת Gn 26:9 +; אָמֻת 2 S 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָה Gn 46:30; 3 mpl. יָמ֫וּתוּ 1 S 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן Nu 16:29; 3 fpl. תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה Ez 13:19 (Ges§ 72, 5) +; Imv. מֻת Dt 32:50 Jb 2:9; Inf. abs. מוֹת Gn 2:17 +; cstr. מוּת Gn 25:32 +; sf. מוּתִי 2 S 19:1; מֻתָן 2 S 20:3, etc.; Pt. מֵת Gn 20:3 +; sf. מֵתִי Gn 23:4 +; fs. מֵתָה Gn 30:1 Zc 11:9; pl. מֵתִים Ex 12:33 +; cstr. מֵתֵי Is 22:2 +; sf. מֵתֶיךָ Is 26:19;— e.g. Genesis 42:38
- 1. die, of natural or other causes:
- a. (1) of man, †וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת and he expired and died Gn 25:8 (+ בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה, v. infr.), v 17 35:29 (P); †וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר Ju 10:2, 5; 8:32; 12:7, 10, 12, 15 2 S 17:23; †וימת וימלך תַּחְתָּיו and he died and—reigned in his stead Gn 36:33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 (P), 2 S 10:1 = 1 Ch 19:1, 2 K 1:17; 8:15; 13:24 1 Ch 1:44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; וימת בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה and he died in a good old age 1 Ch 29:28 (+ Gn 25:8, v. supr.); as the result of smiting הכה Ex 21:18, 20, 22 (E); + במלחמה Dt 20:5, 6, 7 2 S 19:11; בַּחֶרֶב Je 11:22; ברעב v 22; מפני הרעב 38:9; בְּדֶבֶר 21:6; באבן Nu 35:17, 23 (P); †בַּמַּגֵּפָה Nu 14:37; 17:14; 25:9 (P). (2) fig. of wisdom, עִמָּכֶם תָּמוּת חָכְמָה Jb 12:2; of courage, וַיָּמָת לִבּוֹ בְּקִרְבּוֹ and his heart died within him 1 S 25:37.—2 S 2:31 del. מֵ֑תוּ We Dr Kit Bu, cf. 𝔊. e.g. Genesis 25:8
- b. of animals Lv 11:39; cattle Gn 33:13 (J), fish Ex 7:18 (E), frogs Ex 8:9 (J), lion Ec 9:4, worm Is 66:24; כֶּלֶב מֵת, dead dog (in proverb) 1 S 24:15 2 S 9:8; 16:9. e.g. Leviticus 11:39
- c. a tree Jb 14:8. e.g. Job 14:8
- d. זִבְחֵי מֵתִים ψ 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols). e.g. Psalms 106:28
- 2. die as a penalty = be put to death:
- a. by human authority Gn 42:20 Ex 10:28; 21:14 (E), Gn 44:9 Jos 2:14 (J), Lv 20:20 (H), Nu 35:12, 30(×2) (P), especially D, Dt 17:5, 6; 18:20; 19:12; 22:22, 25; 24:7 Ju 6:30 1 S 14:43, 45(×2); 2 Sa 19:24 Je 38:24; מות יָמוּת, die = be put to a violent death (> AV RV surely die), 1 S 14:39, 44; 22:16; 1 K 2:37, 42 (all Judaic), Je 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 K 8:10 (Ephr.) of assassination; מוֹת יוּמַת be put to a violent death, in the codes of Ex 21:12, 15, 16, 17; 22:18 (E), Lv 20:2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27; 24:16, 17 (H), Ex 31:14, 15 Nu 15:35; 35:16, 17, 18, 21, 31 Lv 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph., without inf. abs.); it is used in narratives Gn 26:11(J), Ex 19:12 (E), Ju 21:5. מ׳ is preceded by רגם Nu 15:36 (P), Dt 21:21 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18, 1 K 21:13; סקל Dt 13:11 17:5; 22:21, 24 1 K 21:10, 13, 14, 15; פגע 1 K 2:25, 46; רמס 2 K 7:17, 20; בְּיַד גֹּאֵל Jos 20:9 (P). e.g. Genesis 42:20
- b. inflicted by God, Gn 20:3, 7; Jos 10:11 (E), Gn 3:3; 38:11; Ex 11:5; 12:33 (J), 28:35; 30:20(×2) Lv 8:35; 10:2, 6, 7, 9; 16:1, 2, 13 Nu 3:4; 4:19, 20; 14:35; 17:14, 25, 28; 18:3, 32; 26:11, 61 (P), Dt 5:22(×2); 18:16 Ju 6:23 1 S 5:12; 12:19; 25:17, 38, 39; 2 S 6:7; 12:13; 1 K 19:4; 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4, 1 Ch 24:2; 2 Ch 13:20; 2 K 19:35 = Is 37:36, Ez 3:20; 18:4, 20, 21, 28; 33:15; מוֹת יָמוּת Gn 2:17; 3:4 (J), 20:7 (E), Ju 13:21, 22; 2 S 12:14; 14:14; 2 K 1:4, 6, 16 (all Judaic), Nu 26:65 (P), Ez 3:18; 33:8, 14; מוֹת יוּמַת 18:13, ביד יהוה Ex 16:3 (P); בחטא Lv 22:9 (H), Nu 27:3 (P), 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; לשׂאת חטא למות Nu 18:22 (P); בחטאת Ez 3:20; 18:24; בטמאה Lv 15:21 (P); בעון Je 31:30; Ez 3:18, 19; 18:17, 18; 33:8, 9; לא ישׂאו עון ומתו Ex 28:43 Nu 4:15 (P); בעול Ez 18:26; 33:13, 18; על עול 18:26; במעל 1 Ch 10:13. e.g. Genesis 20:3
- c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Am 2:2, Ephraim Ho 13:1; בית ישׂראל Ez 18:31; 33:1. e.g. Amos 2:2
- d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Pr 5:23; 10:21; 15:10; 19:16; 23:13; Ec 7:17.— e.g. Proverbs 5:23
- On (לַבֵּן) עַל־מוּת ψ 9:1; 48:15 v. עַלְמָה sub II. עלם. e.g. Psalms 9:1
Poʿlel
- Pf. ms. sf. מוֹתְתַנִי Je 20:17; 1 s. מֹתַתִּי 2 S 1:16; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְמֹתְתֵהוּ 1 S 17:51; 3 fs. תְּמוֹתֵת ψ 34:22; 1 s. sf. אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ 2 S 1:10; Imv. sf. מוֹתְתֵנִי Ju 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי 2 S 1:9; inf. מוֹתֵת ψ 109:16; Pt. מְמוֹתֵת 1 S 14:13;—kill, put to death, despatch (intens.), abs. 1 S 14:13, elsewhere c. acc. Ju 9:54; 1 S 17:51; 2 S 1:9, 10, 16; Je 20:17; ψ 34:22; 109:16. e.g. Jeremiah 20:17
Hiphil
- Pf. 3 ms. הֵמִית Ju 16:30 +; sf. וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי 2 S 14:32; הֱמִיתָם Je 41:8; 3 fs. sf. הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ 2 Ch 22:11; 2 ms. הֵמַתָּה Nu 14:15; 1 s. sf. הֲמִיתִּיו (read הֲמִתִּיו) 1 S 17:35; 3 mpl. הֵמִיתוּ 1 S 30:2 +, etc.; Impf. יָמִית Nu 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת Gn 38:10 +; sf. יְמִיתֵהוּ 1 K 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ Nu 35:19 +; Imv. sf. הֲמִיתֵנִי 1 S 20:8; pl. הָמִיתוּ 1 S 22:17; Inf. abs. הָמֵת 2 K 11:15 +; cstr. הָמִית Lv 20:4 +; Pt. מֵמִית 1 S 2:6; pl. מְמִיתִים 2 K 17:26; מְמִתִים Je 26:15 Jb 33:22;—kill, put to death: e.g. Judges 16:30
- 1. abs. Jb 9:23, elsewhere c. acc., subj. man, e.g. Job 9:23
- a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה smite Jos 10:26; 11:17; 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 S 20:19 (‖ השׁחית v 20). e.g. Joshua 10:26
- b. by authority, espec. in capital punishment Ex 1:16 (E), Lv 20:4 (H), Nu 35:19(×2), 21 (P), Dt 13:10; 17:7 Ju 20:13 1 S 11:12; 28:9 2 S 14:7, 32; 21:4 1 K 2:26, 34; 11:40; 19:17(×2) 2 K 14:6 = 2 Ch 25:4; Is 11:4; Je 26:15, 21, 24; 38:15, 16, 25; Est 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב 1 K 1:51; 2:8; 2 K 11:20 = 2 Ch 23:21; הָמֵת יָמִית Ju 15:13 1 K 3:26, 27; Je 26:19; 38:15. e.g. Exodus 1:16
- 2. subj. God, by inflicting penalty, abs. Dt 32:39; 1 S 2:6; 2 K 5:7, elsewhere c. acc. Gn 18:25; 38:7, 10; Ex 4:24; Nu 14:15 (J), Dt 9:28; Ju 13:23; 1 S 2:25; 5:10, 11; 1 Ch 2:3; 10:14; Is 65:15; Ho 9:16; ברעב Is 14:30; בצמא Ho 2:5; of killing fish ψ 105:29; מְמִיתִים Jb 33:22 executioners, angels of death. e.g. Deuteronomy 32:39
- 3. of animals killing men, e.g. ox Ex 21:29 (E), lion 1 K 13:24, 26; 2 K 17:26. e.g. Exodus 21:29
- 4. bring to a premature death Pr 19:18; 21:25. e.g. Proverbs 19:18
Hophal
- Pf. הוּמָ֑ת 2 K 11:2 +; 3 mpl. הֻמְתוּ 2 S 21:9; Impf. יוּמַת Lv 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת Gn 26:11 +; Pt. מוּמָת 1 S 19:11, pl. מוּמָתִים 2 K 11:2 (Qr), 2 Ch 22:11;—be killed, put to death: e.g. 2 Kings 11:2
- 1. by conspiracy 2 K 11:2, 2 = 2 Ch 22:11, 2 K 11:8, 15, 16 2 Ch 23:7, 14. e.g. 2 Kings 11:2
- 2. by capital punishment Ex 21:29 (E), 35:2 Nu 1:51; 3;10, 38; 18:7 (P), Lv 19:20; 24:16, 21 (H), Dt 13:6; 17:6(×2); 21:22; 24:16(×3) = 2 K 14:6(×3), Jos 1:18 (all D) Ju 6:31; 1 S 11:13; 19:6, 11; 20:32; 2 S 19:22, 23; 21:9; 1 K 2:24; 2 Ch 15:13; Je 38:4, and the phrase מוֹת יוּמת (see Qal 2 a). e.g. Exodus 21:29
- 3. by divine infliction, in the phrase מות יוּמת (see Qal 2 b).
- 4. die prematurely Pr 19:16. e.g. Proverbs 19:16
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
vb. die (NH id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu DlHWB 395, Arabic مَاتَ, Ethiopic ሞተ, Aramaic מוּת, מִית, ܡܺܝܬ; Nab. מות EutNab 14, 6; Zinj. מת DHMSendsch.Gloss.);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
מוֹת
- (b. h.) to die. Gitt. VII, 3, a. fr. אם מַתִּי if I should die. Gen. R. s. 9 (play on מְאֹד, Gen. I, 31) והנה טזב מוֹת behold, it is good to die.—Kidd. 72ᵇ כשמֵת ר׳ וכ׳ when R … died. M. Kat. 28ᵃ מת פתאום if one dies suddenly. Sabb. 55ᵇ בחטאם מֵתוּ died for their sin. Tam. 32ᵃ (in Chald. dict.) מה יעביד אינש ויָמוֹת וכ׳ what must man do in order to die? Let him feed himself, v. הָיָה. Shebu. 18ᵃ, v. וָטוּב; a. v. fr.—V. מֵת. e.g. Genesis 1:31
- to put to death; to cause death. Snh. 53ᵃ אם אי אתה יכול לַהֲמִיתוֹ … שאתה מֵמִיתוֹ וכ׳ that if you cannot put him to death in the manner legally prescribed, you must execute judgment by whatever means you can. Ib. 56ᵇ דברים … מְמִיתִין עליהן acts on which a Jewish court passes a sentence of death. Tam. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) מה יעבד אינש … יָמִית עצמו what must man do in order to live?… Let him starve himself (his appetites). Ber. 63ᵇ אין ד"ת … שממית עצמו עליה the words of the Law remain only with him who kills himself (denies himself all enjoyments) for its sake (with play on Num. XIX, 14); a. v. fr. e.g. Numbers 19:14
- to be put to death. Keth. 37ᵇ מוּמָתִין בסייף those put to death by the sword. Snh. 55ᵇ מומתין על ידה are put to death on her account; a. fr.
מוּת
- v. מִית
מָוֶת
- preced.) death. Ab. II, 4 אל … עד יום מוֹתְךָ do not trust thyself (that thou wilt not sin) until thy dying day; Ber. 29ᵃ. Ib. 17ᵃ סוף אדם לַמָּ׳ man’s final destiny in death; a. v. fr.—מלאך המ׳ (abbrev. מה"מ) the angel of death. Ab. Zar. 5ᵃ. Gen. R. s. 9 והנה טוב מאד זה מה"מ ‘and behold, it was very good’ (Gen. I, 31) this refers to the angel of death; a. fr. e.g. Genesis 1:31
מוֹת ²
- Targ. Ex. X, 17. Targ. Jer. XI, 19 סמא דמ׳ poison; a. fr.—Targ. Y. Gen. XXXV, 18 fem.—Sabb. 88ᵇ סמא דמ׳, v. supra; Yoma 72ᵇ.—Yeb. 63ᵃ מידי דקשי ממ׳ something harder than death. M. Kat. 28ᵇ, v. חֲבוּלְיָא; a. fr.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 372 distinct written forms H4191 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 312 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H4191, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 672 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 695 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 2:17
- Exodus 1:6
- Leviticus 8:35
- Numbers 1:51
- Deuteronomy 2:16
- Joshua 1:2
- Judges 1:7
- Ruth 1:3
- 1 Samuel 2:6
- 2 Samuel 1:4
- 1 Kings 1:51
- 2 Kings 1:4
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
