קוּם
to rise
also: arise, stand, rise up, stand up fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Qal verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Proper
- A name of a specific person, place, or people (e.g. Abraham, Zion, Israel).
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘arise’
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”). Here: ‘cause to arise’
- Piel
- An intensive or resultative active stem. Here: ‘fulfil’
- Hophal
- The passive counterpart of the Hiphil (“he was caused to…”).
- Hithpolel
- The reflexive counterpart of the Polel.
- Polel
- A stem of hollow/geminate roots functioning like the Piel — intensive active.
Form
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Imperative
- A direct command (“write!”).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Cohortative
- A first-person volitional form expressing wish or resolve (“let me / let us write”).
- Infinitive Absolute
- An unbound verbal noun, often intensifying or standing in for a finite verb.
- Jussive
- A third- or second-person volitional form expressing wish or command (“let him write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H6965 appears in the Book of 2 Samuel — 35 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
2 Samuel
- 2 Samuel 2:14 יָק֤וּמוּ יָקֻֽמוּ Qal juss 3mp Qal juss 3mp Abner said to Joab, Please let the young men arise and play before us. Joab said, Let them arise.
- 2 Samuel 2:15 וַ/יָּקֻ֖מוּ conj + Qal wimpf 3mp Then they arose and went over by number: twelve for Benjamin, and for Ish-bosheth the son of Saul, and twelve of the servants of David.
- 2 Samuel 3:10 וּ/לְ/הָקִ֞ים conj + prep + Hiphil inf.cs to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul, and to set up the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, from Dan even to Beersheba.
- 2 Samuel 3:21 אָק֣וּמָה Qal coh 1cs Abner said to David, I will arise and go, and will gather all Israel to my lord the king, that they may make a covenant with you, and that you may reign over all that your soul desires. David sent Abner away; and he went in peace.
- 2 Samuel 6:2 וַ/יָּ֣קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms David arose, and went with all the people who were with him, from Baale Judah, to bring up from there the ark of God, which is called by the Name, even the name of Yahweh of Hosts who sits [above] the cherubim.
- 2 Samuel 7:12 וַ/הֲקִימֹתִ֤י conj + Hiphil wpf 1cs When your days are fulfilled, and you shall sleep with your fathers, I will set up your seed after you, who shall proceed out of your bowels, and I will establish his kingdom.
- 2 Samuel 7:25 הָקֵ֖ם Hiphil impv 2ms Now, Yahweh God, the word that you have spoken concerning your servant, and concerning his house, confirm you it forever, and do as you have spoken.
- 2 Samuel 11:2 וַ/יָּ֨קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms It happened at evening, that David arose from off his bed, and walked on the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look on.
- 2 Samuel 12:11 מֵקִ֨ים Hiphil ptcp.act ms This is what Yahweh says: 'Behold, I will raise up evil against you out of your own house; and I will take your wives before your eyes, and give them to your neighbor, and he will lie with your wives in the sight of this sun.
- 2 Samuel 12:17 וַ/יָּקֻ֜מוּ לַ/הֲקִימ֖/וֹ conj + Qal wimpf 3mp prep + Hiphil inf.cs + sfx pers 3ms The elders of his house arose, [and stood] beside him, to raise him up from the earth: but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them.
- 2 Samuel 12:20 וַ/יָּקָם֩ conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his clothing; and he came into the house of Yahweh, and worshiped: then he came to his own house; and when he required, they set bread before him, and he ate.
- 2 Samuel 12:21 קַ֖מְתָּ Qal pf 2ms Then said his servants to him, What thing is this that you have done? you did fast and weep for the child, while it was alive; but when the child was dead, you did rise and eat bread.
- 2 Samuel 13:15 ק֥וּמִי Qal impv 2fs Then Amnon hated her with exceeding great hatred; for the hatred with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. Amnon said to her, Arise, be gone.
- 2 Samuel 13:29 וַ/יָּקֻ֣מוּ conj + Qal wimpf 3mp The servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king's sons arose, and every man got him up on his mule, and fled.
- 2 Samuel 13:31 וַ/יָּ֧קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Then the king arose, and tore his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes torn.
- 2 Samuel 14:7 קָ֨מָה Qal pf 3fs Behold, the whole family is risen against your handmaid, and they say, Deliver him who struck his brother, that we may kill him for the life of his brother whom he killed, and so destroy the heir also. Thus will they quench my coal which is left, and will leave to my husband neither name nor remainder on the surface of the earth.
- 2 Samuel 14:23 וַ/יָּ֥קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms So Joab arose and went to Geshur, and brought Absalom to Jerusalem.
- 2 Samuel 14:31 וַ/יָּ֣קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Then Joab arose, and came to Absalom to his house, and said to him, Why have your servants set my field on fire?
- 2 Samuel 15:9 וַ/יָּ֖קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms The king said to him, Go in peace. So he arose, and went to Hebron.
- 2 Samuel 15:14 ק֣וּמוּ Qal impv 2mp David said to all his servants who were with him at Jerusalem, Arise, and let us flee; for else none of us shall escape from Absalom: make speed to depart, lest he overtake us quickly, and bring down evil on us, and strike the city with the edge of the sword.
- 2 Samuel 17:1 וְ/אָק֛וּמָה conj + Qal coh 1cs Moreover Ahithophel said to Absalom, Let me now choose out twelve thousand men, and I will arise and pursue after David this night:
- 2 Samuel 17:21 ק֣וּמוּ Qal impv 2mp It happened, after they had departed, that they came up out of the well, and went and told king David; and they said to David, Arise you, and pass quickly over the water; for thus has Ahithophel counseled against you.
- 2 Samuel 17:22 וַ/יָּ֣קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Then David arose, and all the people who were with him, and they passed over the Jordan: by the morning light there lacked not one of them who had not gone over the Jordan.
- 2 Samuel 17:23 וַ/יָּ֜קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms When Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his donkey, and arose, and got him home, to his city, and set his house in order, and hanged himself; and he died, and was buried in the tomb of his father.
- 2 Samuel 18:31 הַ/קָּמִ֥ים ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act mp Behold, the Cushite came; and the Cushite said, News for my lord the king; for Yahweh has avenged you this day of all those who rose up against you.
- 2 Samuel 18:32 קָ֥מוּ Qal pf 3cp The king said to the Cushite, Is it well with the young man Absalom? The Cushite answered, The enemies of my lord the king, and all who rise up against you to do you hurt, be as that young man is.
- 2 Samuel 19:7 ק֣וּם Qal impv 2ms Now therefore arise, go forth, and speak comfortably to your servants; for I swear by Yahweh, if you don't go forth, there will not stay a man with you this night: and that will be worse to you than all the evil that has happened to you from your youth until now.
- 2 Samuel 19:8 וַ/יָּ֥קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Then the king arose, and sat in the gate. They told to all the people, saying, Behold, the king is sitting in the gate: and all the people came before the king. Now Israel had fled every man to his tent.
- 2 Samuel 22:39 יְקוּמ֑וּ/ן Qal impf 3mp + sfx n I have consumed them, and struck them through, so that they can't arise: Yes, they are fallen under my feet.
- 2 Samuel 22:40 קָמַ֖/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs For you have girded me with strength to the battle; You have subdued under me those who rose up against me.
- 2 Samuel 22:49 וּ/מִ/קָּמַ/י֙ conj + prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Who brings me forth from my enemies: Yes, you lift me up above those who rise up against me; You deliver me from the violent man.
- 2 Samuel 23:1 הֻ֣קַם Hophal pf 3ms Now these are the last words of David. David the son of Jesse says, The man who was raised on high says, The anointed of the God of Jacob, The sweet psalmist of Israel:
- 2 Samuel 23:10 קָם֩ Qal pf 3ms He arose, and struck the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand froze to the sword; and Yahweh worked a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take spoil.
- 2 Samuel 24:11 וַ/יָּ֥קָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms When David rose up in the morning, the word of Yahweh came to the prophet Gad, David's seer, saying,
- 2 Samuel 24:18 הָקֵ֤ם Hiphil impv 2ms Gad came that day to David, and said to him, Go up, rear an altar to Yahweh in the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“to rise” is the headline sense of the Hebrew verb קום (qûwm). Older and newer Bibles part ways — “arise” in the King James Version, “got up” (Berean Standard Bible) and “and” (unfoldingWord Literal Text) in modern versions. See the renderings breakdown. It appears 596 verses across 36 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its most common vocabulary. Scripture first uses it in Genesis 4:8. As a verb its force shifts by stem, across 4 stems (Qal, Piel, and more). See the sense tree, 596-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6965 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 596
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 596 distinct verses.
- 36 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 36 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #78
- by frequency
- Top 100 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 78 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 596 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 596 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 312 verses · 52%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 148 verses · 25%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 136 verses · 23%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 3 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Arise 75×, Arose 70×, Rose up 47×
- American Standard Version†: Arose 63×, Arise 58×, Rose up 47×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Got up 43×, Get up 35×, Arise 28×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: And 86×, Arose 78×, Arise 76×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6965 across 629† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 206 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6965 across 627† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 199 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6965 across 593† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 179 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 32 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6965 across 788† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 150 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
55 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses Hophal (the passive of Hiphil).
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 55 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
קום I קַמְבֻּלָּי people of Gambulai SarowskyZAW 1912, 150–1 Je 51
קום II arise, stand up, stand
Qal
- Pf. 3 ms. קָם 1 S 17:48 +, וְקָאם consec. Ho 10:14 (Ges§ 72 p); 2 ms. קַמְתָּ 2 S 12:21, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָקוּם Ex 21:19, juss. יָקֻם Gn 27:31, (לָ֑ךְ) וְיָ֫קָם Jb 22:28 (Ges§ 109 h Dr§ 152(3)); וַיָּ֫קָם Gn 4:8 +, etc.; Imv. ms. קוּם Gn 13:17 +, fpl. קֹמְנָה Is 32:9, etc.; Inf. abs. קוֹם Je 44:29; cstr. קוּם Am 5:2 +, etc.; Pt. fs. קָמָה Mi 7:6; mpl. קָמִים 2 S 18:31 +, הַקּוֹמִים 2 K 16:17 (Ges§ 72 p), etc.;— e.g. 1 Samuel 17:48
- 1. arise: מִתַּחְתָּיו Ex 10:23 (E). Specif.: e.g. Exodus 10:23
- a. after lying down (sleep, sickness, mourning, etc.), 1 S 3:6, 8; 2 S 12:21; Ex 21:19; Gn 19:33, 35; 31:17; Ru 3:14; Ec 12:4 + 50 times; from lying dead, וַיָּקָם עַל־רַגְלָיו 2 K 13:21, cf. Jb 14:12 Is 26:14, 19 ψ 88:11; after falling Am 5:2; 8:14; Je 8:4; 25:27 + 4 times (chiefly fig.); after being smitten, wounded, etc. ψ 18:39 ‖ 2 S 22:39, Is 27:9 (of Asherim, etc.), 43:17 + 4 times; from sitting, reclining, especially at meals Gn 25:34; 1 S 1:9; 20:34 (מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן; v 25 see קָדַם), Est 7:7 (+ אֶל in constr. praegn.), but also Ju 3:20 (מֵעַל), 2 S 2:14(×2), 15, Jon 3:6 (מִכִּסְאוֹ), + 11 times, + (arise = stand up, in respect), Gn 19:1 (+ לִקְרָאתָם), 31:35 (מִפָּנֶיךָ), Lv 19:32 (מִפְּנֵי), Is 49:7; Jb 29:8; + וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ 2 K 2:19, cf. Gn 23:7; Ex 33:10; 1 S 20:41; 25:41;—(v. also e); from kneeling (מִן, + מִלִּפְנֵי loc.) 1 K 8:54, from obeisance 1 S 25:42; Est 8:4; from bending over (עַל) dead Gn 23:3 (P). e.g. 1 Samuel 3:6
- b. out of (מִן) a condition, state, Ezr 9:5. e.g. Ezra 9:5
- c. of bear rising עַל pers., 1 S 17:35. e.g. 1 Samuel 17:35
- d. arise (+ stand) Ex 33:8 ψ 20:9 (fig. of success, prosperity), Jb 24:22 (id.), +; of sheaf Gn 37:7; of waters Jos 3:16 (נֵד־אֶחָד). e.g. Exodus 33:8
- e. constr. praegn. arise (and stand) for a purpose Nu 11:32 (E); over, עַל pers., 2 S 12:17. e.g. Numbers 11:32
- f. arise as prelim. to formal speech Ju 20:8; Mi 6:1; Je 1:17; 1 Ch 28:2 (עַל־רַגְלָיו), Pr 31:28; Jb 30:28 + 5 times; to testify (against) Dt 19:15, 16 (both ב pers.), ψ 27:12; 35:11, cf. also וַיָּקָם בִּי Jb 16:8 (of כַּחַשׁ q.v.; Bu כַּעַשׂ); to vindicate Jb 19:25 (עַל־עָפָר); to read aloud Ne 9:3 (עַל־עָמְדָם); to bless people 2 Ch 30:27 (priests). e.g. Judges 20:8
- g. to listen to God’s word Nu 23:18; Is 32:9; to praise God 2 Ch 20:19; Ne 9:4, 5. e.g. Numbers 23:18
- h. of noise, tumult Ho 10:14; of light Jb 25:3 (עַל pers.). e.g. Hosea 10:14
- 2. arise, in hostile sense (often with idea of suddenness); c. עַל pers. Dt 19:11 (out of ambush), 22:26; Ju 9:18; 20:5 ψ 27:3 (of war), Ob 1 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 11 times, + Jb 30:12 (according to Bu, reading עָלַי for עַל־יָמִין), + (of י׳) Am 7:9 (ב instr.), Is 14:22; 31:2; c. אֶל pers. Gn 4:8; 1 S 22:13; 24:8 (Gi v 7); c. ב pers. Mi 7:6 ψ 27:12 (false witness), Mi 7:6; c. עִם pers. ψ 94:16 (‖ יִתְיַצֵּב); v. especially pt. c. sf. = those rising up against me (thee, etc.) Ex 15:7; 32:25; Dt 33:11 + 8 times + ψ 109:28 (read קָמַי יֵבשׁוּ 𝔊 𝔙 Bae We Du, cf. Hup Dr); c. מִן from, out of Jos 8:7, 19 Ju 9:35, 43; 20:33; = revolt Nu 16:2 (לִפְנֵי pers.), 2 K 12:21; 2 Ch 13:6, cf. Hb 2:7. e.g. Deuteronomy 19:11
- 3. arise, abs., = become powerful Pr 28:12, 28. e.g. Proverbs 28:12
- 4. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet, king Ju 5:7(×2); 10:1, 3 Dt 13:2; 34:10; Ex 1:8; 2 K 23:25; of years of famine Gn 41:30; c. אַחֲרֵי pers. Dt 29:21; Ju 2:10 1 K 3:12; c. תַּחַת, in place of, 1 K 8:20 = 2 Ch 6:10; Nu 32:14; c. עַל־מַמְלֶכֶת 2 Ch 21:4; c. מִן Nu 24:17 (sceptre out of Isr.); of calamity, Na 1:9; Pr 24:22; מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָקוּם הָ֑לֶד Jb 11:17 i.e. to shine upon thee. e.g. Judges 5:7
- 5. arise for, i.e. to become, c. ל rei; בְּיוֹם קוּמִי לְעַד Zp 3:8 (read לְעֵד, for a witness, 𝔊 𝔖 We Now GASm cf. Da); הֶחָמָס קָם לְמַטֵּה־רֶשַׁע Ez 7:11 (but dub.; Co Berthol Krae קָמֵל). e.g. Zephaniah 3:8
- 6.
- a. arise for action, especially of י׳ arising [from his throne], + inf. Is 2:19, 21; for judgment ψ 76:10 (לַמִּשְׁפָּט), Jb 31:14; often Imv. Nu 10:35 Je 2:27 ψ 3:8 + 8 times ψψ + 2 Ch 6:41 (c. לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ), ψ 132:8 (c. לִמְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ); Impf. Is 28:21 + 4 times; Imv. also of men, arise! up! i.e. act! Ju 4:14 Ezr 10:4, of idols Je 2:28; Impf. of the tongue (personified) Is 54:17 (אִתָּךְ לַמִּשְׁפָּט). e.g. Isaiah 2:19
- b. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed Gn 21:18; Ex 32:1; Ju 5:12; 8:20, 21; Je 49:14 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), Ob 1 (קוּמוּ וְנָקוּמָה עָלֶיהָ לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 37 times e.g. Genesis 21:18
- c. especially arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere, Gn 13:17; 19:14, 15; 1 S 9:3 Jon 1:3 (in flight), 3:3 + 110 times e.g. Genesis 13:17
- 7. stand: especially fig.
- a. = maintain oneself Jos 7:12, 13 (JE; לִפְנֵי pers.), Am 7:2, 5 Na 1:6 La 1:14 ψ 1:5; 24:3; Jb 41:18 (of sword), of courage (רוּח) Jos 2:11 (D; בְּאִישׁ, + לִפְנֵי pers.). e.g. Joshua 7:12
- b. = be established, confirmed, of kingdom 1 S 24:21 (בְּיָֽדְךָ; Gi v 20); of purchase Lv 27:19, c. ל pers. be assured to 25:30 Gn 23:17, 20 (all P). e.g. 1 Samuel 24:21
- c. stand, endure 1 S 13:14 Jb 8:15 (‖ עָמַד), 15:29. e.g. 1 Samuel 13:14
- d. = be fixed, of price, Lv 27:14, 17. e.g. Leviticus 27:14
- e. = be valid, of vows, Nu 30:5(×2) + 6 times Nu 30 + v 10 (c. עַל pers.; all P). e.g. Numbers 30:5
- f. = be proven Dt 19:15. e.g. Deuteronomy 19:15
- g. = be fulfilled Je 44:29 (impf. + inf. abs.; עַל pers.), Jb 22:28 (ל pers.); of י׳’s purpose Je 51:29 (עַל pers.), Is 14:24 Pr 19:21, cf. Je 44:28; Is 40:8; 46:10; of human plans, succeed Is 7:7; 8:10; 28:18; Pr 15:22. e.g. Jeremiah 44:29
- h. persist, עַל־נְדִיבוֹת יָקוּם Is 32:8 lit. on noble things doth he take his stand. e.g. Isaiah 32:8
- i. יָקוּם עַל־שֵׁם אָחִיו Dt 25:6 he shall stand upon the name of his dead brother, represent him. e.g. Deuteronomy 25:6
- j. of eyes, = be set, fixed, without vision 1 S 4:15 1 K 14:4 (עַיִן 1 i). e.g. 1 Samuel 4:15
Piel
- Pf. 3 ms. קִיַּם Est 9:31, 32; 3 pl. קִיְּמוּ v 27, 31; Impf. 1 s. וָאֲקַיֵּמָ֑ה ψ 119:106; Imv. ms. sf. קַיְּמֵנִי v 28; inf. cstr. לְקַיִּם Ez 13:6 +;—late (Aramaic): e.g. Esther 9:31
- 1. fulfil, Ez 13:6 ψ 119:106. e.g. Ezekiel 13:6
- 2.
- a. confirm, ratify, Ru 4:7. e.g. Ruth 4:7
- b. confirm, establish, of י׳ ψ 119:28 (c. sf. acc.). e.g. Psalms 119:28
- c. impose, an obligation, עַל pers. Est 9:21, 31b, עַל reflex. v 27, 31 c; c. acc. rei v 29, 31 a. 32. †Pōʿl. raise up: Impf. 2 ms. תְּקוֹמֵם Is 58:12; 1 s. אֲקוֹמֵם 44:26; 3 mpl. יְקוֹמֵ֑מוּ 61:4 (all of rebuilding);—יְקוֹמֵם Mi 2:8, read תָּקוּמוּ We Now, or קָמִים GASm Buhl. †Hithpōʿl. raise oneself, = rise up: Pt. fs. מִתְקוֹמָמָה Jb 20:27 (לְ pers. against); ms. sf. -מְמִי 27:7 one rising up against me (‖ אֹיְבִי); pl. abs. -מְמִים ψ 17:7; sf. -מְמַי 59:2; v. also 139:21, reading וּבְמִתְקוֹמְמֶיךָ (for MT וּבִתְק׳; ‖ מְשַׂנְאֶיךָ); see also קוט. e.g. Esther 9:21
Hiphil
- Pf. 3 ms. הֵקִים Jos 4:9 +; 2 ms. וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֫ Ex 26:30; Dt 27:2; 1 s. הֲקִימֹתִי 1 S 15:13, הֲקִמֹתִי Gn 9:17 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָקִים Dt 18:15 +; juss. יָקֵם 1 S 1:23 +; וַיָּ֫קֶם Ju 2:16 +; 2 fpl. תָּקִ֫ימְנָה Je 44:25, etc.; Imv. ms. הָקֵם 2 S 7:25 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הָקֵים Je 44:25, הָקֵם Dt 22:4 Ju 7:19; cstr. הָקִים 2 S 3:10 +, etc.; Pt. מֵקִים Am 6:14 +, etc.;— e.g. Joshua 4:9
- 1. cause to arise, raise:
- a. the prostrate (acc. pers. vel rei) 2 S 12:17 (מִן־הָאָרֶץ), Dt 22:4 (הָקֵם תָּקִים עִמּוֹ) ψ 41:11 Ec 4:10(×2); fig. Am 5:2; 9:11(×2) Ho 6:2; Is 49:8; 1 S 2:8 = ψ 113:7 (‖ הֵרִים), Jb 4:4; Je 50:32. e.g. 2 Samuel 12:17
- b. from throne (מִן) Is 14:9. e.g. Isaiah 14:9
- c. lift up shield (צִנָּה) against (עַל) Ez 26:8. e.g. Ezekiel 26:8
- d. fig. raise (to dignity, power) Is 49:6. e.g. Isaiah 49:6
- 2.
- a. raise, set up, stones Jos 4:9 (JE; בְּתוֹךְ loc.), v 20 (JE; ב loc.), 24:26 (E; שָׁם, תַּחַת loc.), Dt 27:2; pillars 1 K 7:21(×3) ‖ 2 Ch 3:17 Ex 40:18 (P); מַצֵּבָה, פֶּסֶל Ju 18:30 (ל reflex.), Lv 26:1 Dt 16:22; throne, fig., 2 S 3:10, king Dt 28:36 (both c. עַל over). e.g. Joshua 4:9
- b. erect, build: Is 23:13 Ex 26:30; heap of stones over (עַל) Jos 7:26; 8:29; altar 2 S 24:18 (לי׳) ‖ 1 Ch 21:18 (id.), 1 K 16:32 (לבעל), 2 K 21:3 (id.) = 2 Ch 33:3 (לבעלים); curtains Je 10:20 (of Judah’s tent, in fig.); tabern., etc., Ex 40:2, 18, 33 + 4 times Nu; erect against (עַל) Is 29:3. e.g. Isaiah 23:13
- c. fig. of setting up law ψ 78:5 (עֵדוּת; ‖ שִׂים). e.g. Psalms 78:5
- 3. raise up = bring on the scene: c. acc., sons in place of (תַּחַת) fathers Jos 5:7, אַחֲרֵי 2 S 7:12 = 1 Ch 17:11, 1 K 15:4; raise up זֶרַע לִאָחִיךָ Gn 38:8 (J); judges Ju 2:16, 18 (לָהֶם), cf. 3:9, 15 (both ל pers.); king Je 30:9, צֶמַח צַדִּיק 23:5, prophet Je 29:15 Dt 18:15, 18, priest 1 S 2:35 (all ל pers.); shepherds, etc. Mi 5:5 (עַל against), Zc 11:16; לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם Dt 25:7; plant of name Ez 34:29 (ל pers.); evil (רָעָה) 2 S 12:11 (עַל against). e.g. Joshua 5:7
- 4.
- a. raise up = rouse, stir up (lion, in fig.) Gn 49:9 (poem) = Nu 24:9 (JE). e.g. Genesis 49:9
- b. instigate, c. acc. pers. + עַל against Am 6:14 1 S 22:8; + ל pers. 1 K 11:14, 23; c. acc. alone Hb 1:6. e.g. Amos 6:14
- 5. raise up = constitute, הָקִיס־אֹתְךָ … לוֹ לְעָם Dt 29:12 cf. 28:9 Jb 16:12; וָאָקִים מִבְּנֵיכֶם לִנְבִיאִים Am 2:11; יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָה ψ 107:29 (cf. Qal 5). e.g. Deuteronomy 29:12
- 6. cause to stand:
- a. set, station, sentinels Ju 7:19 (הָקֵם הֵקִים), Je 51:12, cf. 6:17 (עַל pers.), 23:4 Ez 34:23; set feet on (עַל) rock ψ 40:3. e.g. Judges 7:19
- b. cause to hold one’s ground ψ 89:44 (בַּמִּלְחָמָה). e.g. Psalms 89:44
- c. establish throne 2 Ch 7:18, כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ Pr 30:4. e.g. 2 Chronicles 7:18
- d. establish (make, ratify) covenant, of י׳, c. אֶת (prep.) pers. Gn 6:18; 9:9, 11; 17:19, 21; Ex 6:4 (all P); Ez 16:62; c. בֵּין … בֵּין Gn 9:17; 17:7 (both P); c. ל pers. Ez 16:60. e.g. Genesis 6:18
- e. = make binding, a vow Nu 30:14, 15(×2). e.g. Numbers 30:14
- f. = carry out, give effect to (DrSm. 1, 23), oath, covenant, vow, word, plan, command, of man 1 S 15:11, 13 + 6 times; of י׳ Gn 26:3; Lv 26:9; 1 S 1:23; 1 K 6:12 Dt 8:18 Je 23:20 + 18 times e.g. 1 Samuel 15:11
- g. לְהָקִים שֵׁם־הַמֵּת עַל־נַחֲלָתוֹ Ru 4:5, 10 to cause the dead man’s name to stand upon his inheritance (cf. Qal 7 i). e.g. Ruth 4:5
Hophal
- Pf. 3 ms. הֻ֫קַם עָ֑ל 2 S 23:1 be raised up (on הֻ֫קַּם van d. H., v. Dr); הוּקַם be set up Ex 40:17 (of tabern.); הוּקַם אֶת־דִּבְרֵי פ׳ Je 35:14 be held upright (Ges§ 121 a), i.e. observed, obeyed. e.g. 2 Samuel 23:1
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. קַמְבֻּלָּי people of Gambulai SarowskyZAW 1912, 150–1 Je 51:1.
I. vb. arise, stand up, stand;—(NH in der. spec. and deriv.; Ph. Hiph. Pt. and מקם place; Arabic قَامَ (و) stand, rise, Ethiopic ቆመ: stand, stop; Sab. מקם, place, HomChrest. 127; Aramaic קוּם, ܩܳܡ = BH, so Old Aramaic Nab. קום; Palm. Aph. אקים erect statue; cf. prob. Assyrian Kumu (k = כ), place, dwelling, kum, kêmu, in place of, and perhaps kaiamânu, enduring, constant (v. כִּיּוּן); Thes cp. also Sam. ࠒࠏࠌ, live, cf. especially 𝔗 Pa.);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
קוּם
- (b. h.) to stand up, rise; to stand, exist. Sifré Deut. 357 (ref. to Deut. XXXIV, 10) אבל באומות קָם וכ׳ but among the nations he (a prophet like Moses) has existed &c.; R. Hash. 21ᵇ בנביאים לא קם וכ׳ among the prophets never one arose like Moses, but among the rulers one did arise (Solomon). Tanḥ. B’shall. 16 שכל הַקָּם … כאילו קם וכ׳ whoever rises against Israel is considered as if he rose against the Sh’khinah. Ib. (ref. to Ex. XV, 7) הרבית … כל הקָּמִים לנגדך thou hast often shown thyself glorious over all that rose against thee; a. v. fr.—קוּם עֲשֵׂה rise and do, a transgression of a prohibitive law which you must repair by an action, v. נָתַק. Ḥull. XII, 4. Macc. 15ᵇ, v. infra; a. fr.—V. קַיָּים. e.g. Deuteronomy 34:10
- 1. to establish; to attest, identify. Gitt. 2ᵇ אין עדים מצויין לקַיְּימוֹ no witnesses are likely to be found to attest it (identify the signatures). Ib. 6ᵃ כולי עלמא בעינן לקיימו all agree that identifiation by witnesses is required. B. Mets. 7ᵃ מודה בשטר … צריך לקיימו even if the debtor admits that he has written the note, the creditor must establish its identity (or else the debtor may maintain that the debt has been paid). Gitt. III, 4 וקיְּימוּ את דבריו and they sustained his opinion. Keth. 20ᵃ אין מְקַיְּימִין … אלא משטר וכ׳ a document can be identified only by comparison of the signatures with those on a document that had been disputed and declared valid in court. Ib. אין מקיימין … משתי כתובות וכ׳ a document can be identified only by comparison of signatures with two marriage deeds or deeds of sale of two fields &c. Ned. 72ᵃ שמע וק׳ if he heard her vow and confirmed it. Y. R. Hash. I, 56ᶜ top קִיַּימְתִּיהָ כשחל וכ׳ I sustain that opinion for a case when &c.; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְקוּיָּים. B. Mets. l. c. במק׳ דברי וכ׳ if the document has been identified, all agree &c.; a. e.
- 2. to fulfill, carry out, execute. Yoma 28ᵇ ק׳ אברהם וכ׳ Abraham fulfilled the whole Law. Macc. l. c. כל מצות … ק׳ וכ׳ in the case of a transgression of a prohibitive law for which reparation is commanded, if the transgressor fulfills the prescribed reparation, he is free (from legal punishment), but if he made the reparation impossible &c. Ib. ור"ש בן ל׳ קִיְּימוֹ ולא קִיְּימוֹ R. S. ben L. reads, if he makes reparation (he is free), and if he refuses, (he is punished); ib. 15ᵃ למאן דאמר ק׳ ולא ק׳ according to him who reads ḳiyy’mo v’lo ḳiyy’mo (punishment can be executed as soon as one refuses to make reparation, although reparation is not made impossible); Ḥull. 141ᵃ. Ab. IV, 9 כל הַמְקַיֵּים … לקַיְּימָהּ מעושר he who maintains (studies and observes) the Law in poverty, shall finally maintain it in wealth. Sot. 13ᵃ sq. אמרו ק׳ זה כל וכ׳ they said, this one (Joseph in the coffin) has fulfilled what is written in this (the tablets in the ark of the covenant). Y. R. Hash. I, 57ᵇ top רצה מְקַיְּימָהּ if he so desires, he observes it (his own decree). Ber. 9ᵇ ועבדום … ק׳ בהם וכ׳ the Lord fulfilled on them ‘and they shall make them serve &c.’ (Gen. XV, 14), but he did not fulfill on them &c.; a. v. fr.—מה אני מקיים וכ׳ how can I maintain the words &c., i.e. in what way can this Scriptural verse which seems to conflict with my opinion be interpreted? R. Hash. 21ᵇ אלא מה אני מקיים ביקש וכ׳ and how do I interpret the verse biḳḳesh &c. (Koh. XII, 10)? Y. Kidd. I, 61ᶜ bot. מה מקיים … בנים how does R. Elazar interpret banim &c. (Deut. XIV, 1)?; a. fr. e.g. Genesis 15:14
- 3. to sustain, preserve alive, save. Snh. IV, 5 כל המקיים … כאילו ק׳ וכ׳ he who saves one life … is considered … as if he had preserved the whole world; B. Bath. 11ᵃ. Ab. V, 1 צדיקים שמקיימין את העילם וכ׳ the righteous who sustain the world which was created &c. Kil. V, 8 המקיים קוצים בכרם he who keeps (cultivates) thorns in a vineyard. Ib. דבר שכמוהו מקיימין a plant of the kind that people are wont to cultivate; a. e.—4) to place (on the chafing stove). Tosef. Sabb. III, 1 ואין מקיימין עליה וכ׳ (not לה) you must not place dishes on it, until it is swept or covered with ashes. Ib. 3; Y. ib. III, beg. 5ᶜ; a. e.
- 1. to be established, identified. Gitt. I, 3 יִתְקַיֵּים בחותמיו let the genuineness of the document be established through its signers (the witnesses subscribed or through others identifying their signatures); a. fr.
- 2. to be fulfilled, realized. Macc. 24ᵇ עד שלא נִתְקַיְּימָה … שלא תִתְקַיֵּים נבואתו וכ׳ as long as the prophecy of Uriah (Mic. III, 12) was not fulfilled, I was afraid lest Zechariah’s prophecy (Zech. VIII, 4) fail to come true; עכשיו שנתקיימה … מִתְקַיֶּימֶת now that Uriah’s prophecy has been fulfilled, it is sure that Zechariah’s will come true. Tosef. Snh. XI, 8; Y. ib. XI, 30ᵃ bot. וכולן נִתְקַיְּימוּ, v. מִדָּה. Ber. 55ᵃ מקצתו מתקיים וכ׳ part of a dream may come true, but the whole of it will not. Midr. Till. to Ps. I, 3 מִתְקַיְּימוֹת are executed, v. עֵצָה II; a. fr. e.g. Micah 3:12
- 3. to be preserved; to last, endure. Gitt. II, 3 בכל דבר שאינו מתקיים with any writing-ink which does not endure. Pes. 68ᵇ אילמלא … לא נתקיימו וכ׳ but for the Law, heaven and earth would not continue to exist. Taan. 7ᵃ מה … מִתְקַיְּימִין וכ׳ as these three liquids can be preserved only in the lowest kind of vessels, so will the words of the Law stay with him only whose mind is lowly. Erub. 54ᵃ תלמודו מתק׳ בידו his learning will remain with him (in his memory). Shebi. VII, 2 מתק׳ בארץ plants the roots of which continue in the ground (perennials). Ab. IV, 11 כל כנסיה … סופה להִתְקַיֵּים every union for a sacred purpose is destined to last. Ib. V, 17 כל מחלוקת … סופה להתק׳ a contest for a sacred purpose is bound to have an enduring effect; a. fr.
- 4. to be maintained, be harmonised. Mekh. Mishp. s. 20 כיצד יִתְקַיְּימוּ שני מקראות הללו how can these two verses be harmonised?; a. fr.
- 1. to put up, erect. Ex. R. s. 52 בואו שנָקִים וכ׳ come, for we will put up the Tabernacle. Ib. שרתה … והֵקִימוֹ the holy spirit came upon him, and he put it up. Tanḥ. P’ḳudé 11 אני כותב עליך שאתה הֲקִימֹתוֹ I will record about thee, that thou didst put it up; a. fr.
- 2. to confirm (a woman’s vow). Ned. 67ᵇ אי ה׳ ה׳ if he (the father) has confirmed it, it stands confirmed (the betrothed cannot annul it). Ib. 69ᵃ יש שאלה בהָקֵם can a confirmation (by one of the two, the father or the husband) be reconsidered? (v. שְׁאֵלָה), v. הָקֵם; a. e.
- to be put up. Tanḥ. l. c. כיון שה׳ המשכן מיד וכ׳ as soon as the Tabernacle was erected, the Divine Presence came down &c. Tanḥ. Naso 23. Num. R. s. 12; a. fr.
קוּם ²
- 1. same. Targ. Gen. XXII, 3. Targ. Lev. XXV, 30; a. v. fr.—Part. קָאֵים, apocop. קָאֵי (q. v.); קָיֵם, קָיֵים; f. קָיְימָא; pl. קָיְימִין; קָיְימָן, קָיְמ׳. Targ. Josh. IV, 10. Targ. O. Ex. XXVI, 15 (Y. קַיָּמִין); a. v. fr.—B. Mets. 19ᵃ (expl. דייתיקי) דא תהי למֵיקַם וכ׳ this is to stand and be, that when I die &c. B. Bath. 43ᵇ bot. ארעא היכא דקָיְימָא תֵיקוּם let the land remain where it is (in the possession of the present incumbent). Gen. R. s. 65 ברייך יְקוּם לך may thy Creator stand by thee. Koh. R. to XI, 1 היידי הוא גברא דקָם ליה עיגוליה here is (I am) the man whom his loaf of bread assisted (who was rewarded for throwing his bread into the sea). Y. Ab. Zar. II, 40ᶜ bot. וקָמוּן and they remained (in the trade), v. עֲקַר I. Macc. 22ᵇ דקָיְימֵי מקמי וכ׳ who stand up before a scroll of the Law and do not stand up before a great man. Kidd. 33ᵇ קום מקמיה אביך stand up before thy father. Ib. קָאִימְנָא מקמיה I should stand up before him. Ib.ᵃ מֵיקַם לא קָאֵי הידור וכ׳ he stood not up before them (gentile old men), but he showed them honor. B. Mets. 7ᵃ ברשותיה קָיְימָא it is in his possession. Lev. R. s. 16 (ref. to Is. V, 19) נדע דמן הוא דקיימא וכ׳ that we know whose counsel will stand (prevail), ours or his; ib. לא ק׳ דידי וק׳ דלהון my counsel does not stand, shall theirs stand?; Yalk. Is. 266 הא קָמַת דידהון דידי לא now, theirs is carried out, and mine should not be?; Yalk. Lam. 1033, sq. (read עצא for על); Pesik. Vattom., p. 133ᵃ (corr. acc.). Y. Ter. I, 40ᵇ top בחרש אנן קָיְימִין we are standing at (are treating of) the case of a deaf mute. Y. Maasr. I, 51ᵇ, a. fr. (ב)מה (א)נן קיימין what are we treating of?; a. v. fr.—Yeb. 32ᵃ וקם ליה באשר לא יבנה וכ׳ (by giving ḥălitsah to one of his brother’s widows) he has been declared one ‘who does not build up his brother’s house’ (Deut. XXV, 9), and the Law says, when one has once refused ‘to build’, one must not ‘build’ again (marry another of his brother’s widows); ib. 44ᵃ.—Shebu. 26ᵃ כי הוו קיימי מקמיה דרב (Ms. F. מפטרי) when they were out of Rab’s sight, opp. כי אתו לקמיה.—ק׳ על, also ק׳ ב־ (cmp. עמד) a) to ascertain. Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ ליכא למֵיקַם עלה דמילתא it cannot be ascertained; a. e.—B. Mets. 19ᵃ קָמוּ … במילתא the Rabbis ascertained the case, v. קִים. Yeb. 31ᵃ; a. fr.—b) to bargain for. Gen. R. s. 11 אנא … קיימין עילויה myself and a certain Jew were bargaining for it (the fish); a. e.—קם ליה בדרבה מיניה, v. קִים.—תֵּיקוּ, נֵיקוּ = תֵּיקוּם, נֵיקוּם. B. Kam. 96ᵃ תקנתא לעכ"ום נ׳ ונעביד shall we get up and make rules for the benefit of gentile (robbers)? Zeb. 17ᵃ כל חדא וחדא ת׳ בדוכתה (not בדוכתיה; Ms. M. תיקום) let each verse stand in its own place, i.e. you can draw no analogies between them.—Esp. תיקו let it stand, i.e. the question remains undecided. B. Kam. l. c. Ḥull. 46ᵃ; a. fr. e.g. Isaiah 5:19
- 2. (v. עָמַד) to curdle. Ab. Zar. 35ᵇ נישקול מיניה קלי ונֵיקוּם (prob. to be read ונוֹקִים) let one take a little of it and curdle it. Ib. קיימי, v. נַסְיוּבֵי.
- 3. to cause to stand (v. קִים).—Inf. מִיקְמָא, מִיקְמָה, v. Af
- , אוֹקֵי
- 1. to put up, erect; to appoint, place; to maintain. Targ. O. Ex. XL, 2 תָּקִים (ed. Berl. a. Y. תְּקִים). Ib. 18 ואָקֵים (ed. Berl. ואָקֵים a. ואֵקִים). Targ. O. Deut. XXV, 7 לאָקָמָא ed. Berl. (oth. ed. לַאֲקָ׳; Y. למִיקְמָא). Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 13. Targ. Prov. XXIX, 4; a. fr.—B. Mets. 39ᵇ מוֹקְמִינָן … לינוקא we (the court) appoint a guardian over it in behalf of the minor. Ib. מיגו דמוֹקִים … מוקמינן וכ׳ since one appoints a guardian for the one-sixth portion, we may just as well appoint one for the other sixth. B. Bath. 33ᵃ אוֹקְמָהּ … בידיה R. Ḥ. placed it in his possession, i.e. decided that it belonged to him. Ib. 34ᵃ מוֹקְמִינָן לה בידיה we would place (or leave) it in his possession; a. v. fr.—Taan. 8ᵃ, a. fr. אוקים … אמורא, v. אֲמוֹרָא.—Esp. a) to put a case, to treat with reference to. B. Bath. 44ᵃ ולוֹקְמָהּ בגזלן why does he not put the case as treating of a robber?; ולוקמה ביורש let him say, it refers to the case of an heir!; a. fr.—b) to let stand, place, leave (under the presumption). Keth. 12ᵇ, a. e. אוקי ממונא בחזקת מריה leave the money where it is, on the presumption that it belongs to its present owner, i.e. possession has the benefit of the doubt. Ib. אוֹקְמָהּ אחזקה leave the woman in her ascertained condition (v. חֲזָקָה), i.e. consider her as having married as a virgin. Yeb. 31ᵃ אוקי תרי להדי תרי ואשה אוקמה אחזקה leave the two witnesses (on the one side) against the two witnesses (on the other side), and leave the woman &c.; a. fr.—c) to establish, prove. Num. R. s. 6, end ורבנן מוֹקְמִין מהאי קרא וכ׳ and the Rabbis prove from this verse, that as atonement takes place in day-time, so &c.; a. e.—d) א׳ טבאות [to place right] to guarantee, secure. Y. Gitt. I, end, 43ᵈ אנן בעי תְּקִימִינָן ט׳ (not טבאת) we want thee to secure us (against an eventual loss of the money which thou art collecting from us for our creditors); בההוא דלא יכיל למִיקְמָה גרמיה ט׳ in the case of one who has no opportunity to secure himself (who cannot get a collector to take the risk), ברם ההוא דיכיל למיקמה וכ׳ but if he finds a collector to take the risk, he may take it away from the one and give it to the other; Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵃ.—
- 2. (v. עָמַד) to make consistent, curdle. Ab. Zar. 35ᵃ [read:] כיון דאוֹקְמֵיה איסורא הוא דקא מוֹקִים ליה וכ׳ (v. Ms. M. in Rabb. D. S. a. l., a. note) since it had the effect of curdling the milk, it is the forbidden matter that gave it substance, and therefore it (that forbidden substance) is to be considered as if it were there in its natural state. Ib.ᵇ, v. supra.
- to put up; to be placed. Targ. Ex. XL, 17. Targ. Lev. XVI, 10; a. e.
- to put up, erect. Targ. Is. XLIV, 26; a. e.
- 1. as preced. Pi., to establish, confirm, fulfill &c. Targ. O. Deut. XXXII, 8 (Y. Af.). Targ. Num. XXX, 14. Targ. Is. l. c. Targ. Ps. CXIX, 106; a. fr.—Ned. 70ᵃ דהא קַיְּימֵיה לנדריה היום (not קיימי, v. Rashi) for he has confirmed the vow to-day. Ib. (h. form) כיון דקִיְּימוֹ קִיְּימוֹ since he once confirmed it, it remains confirmed. Keth. 19ᵃ זילו קַיְּימוּ שטרייכו go and get evidence for the identification of your documents, and then come to court. Y. Gitt. I, end, 43ᵈ קיַּימְתֵּיה מדאמר וכ׳ thou canst substantiate thy opinion by referring to what R. … said. Pesik. Haʿomer, p. 72ᵇ למְקַיְּימָא לכון וכ׳ in order to fulfill on you the prophecy (Deut. XXXIII, 29) &c.; Yalk. Lev. 643; Pesik. R. s. 18. Y. Ab. Zar. V, 44ᵈ ואנא יכיל קַיֵּים and I can ascertain it (by experiment); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְקַיַּים. Ber. 55ᵃ לא חלמא טבא מק׳ וכ׳ (Ms. F. מתקיים) neither a good dream comes true entirely, nor a bad dream &c. e.g. Deuteronomy 33:29
- 2. (v. קְיָים) to swear, vow. Targ. Num. XXX, 3. Targ. Gen. XXVIII, 20. Targ. O. Lev. V, 4; a. e.
- as preced. Hithpa. Targ. Num. XIV, 38. Targ. Ez. XXXIII, 12; a. fr.—Y. Sabb. VI, end, 8ᵈ [read:] תִּתְקַיֵּים לכון נפשיכין בהדין יומכון היך דקַיַּימְתּוּן וכ׳ may your life be restored on that day of yours (when your time comes), as you have restored my life on this day. Erub. 54ᵃ כי היכי דתתקיים בידך ותוריך חיי (not ביך, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) in order that it (thy learning) may be preserved in thy possession, and thou mayest live long; a. e.
קוֹם
- (v. preced.Pe. 2, a. Af. 2) curdled milk, curd; [Maim. whey]. Ned. VI, 5. Ib. 52ᵇ. Y. ib. VI, 39ᵈ top מהו בק׳ חלבא מקטרא what is ḳom? ‘Bound milk.’
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 364 distinct written forms H6965 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 304 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6965, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
- יקום yᵉqûwm H3351 substance
- מקום mâqôwm H4725 place
- קום qûwm H6966 to arise
- קומה qôwmâh H6967 height
- קוממיות qôwmᵉmîyûwth H6968 uprightness
- קים qîym H7009 adversary
- קימה qîymâh H7012 rising up
- קמה qâmâh H7054 standing grain
- תקומה tᵉqûwmâh H8617 standing
- תקומם tᵉqôwmêm H8618 rising against
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
- יקים Yâqîym H3356 Jakim
- יקמיה Yᵉqamyâh H3359 Jecamiah
- יקמעם Yᵉqamʻâm H3360 Jekameam
- יקמעם Yoqmᵉʻâm H3361 Jokmeam
- קמואל Qᵉmûwʼêl H7055 Kemuel
- קמון Qâmôwn H7056 Camon
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 17 — not the complete family. 6 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 546 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 596 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 4:8
- Exodus 1:8
- Leviticus 19:32
- Numbers 1:51
- Deuteronomy 2:13
- Joshua 1:2
- Judges 2:10
- Ruth 1:6
- 1 Samuel 1:9
- 2 Samuel 2:14
- 1 Kings 1:49
- 2 Kings 1:3
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
