Numbers 30:7

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Numbers 30:7 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Numbers 30:7 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/numbers/30/7.

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and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he hears it; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds with which she has bound her soul shall stand.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he hears it; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds with which she has bound her soul shall stand.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And her husband heard it, and held his peace at her in the day that he heard it: then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    and her husband hears on the day of his hearing and is silent to her, then her vows shall stand, and her binding vows that she bound on her life shall stand.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he hears it; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds with which she has bound her soul shall stand.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her on that day, then the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her on that day, then the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And her husband heard it, and held his peace at her in the day that he heard it: then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he heareth it; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he heareth it: then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And if she haue an husband when she voweth or pronounceth ought with her lips, wherewith she bindeth her selfe,
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    If she have a husband, and shall vow any thing, and the word once going out of her mouth shall bind her soul by an oath:
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and her husband hath heard, and in the day of his hearing, he hath kept silent at her, then have her vows been established, and her bonds which she hath bound on her soul are established.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and her husband has heard, and in the day of his hearing he has kept silent to her, then her vows have been established, and her bonds which she has bound on her soul are established.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    If she marries a man while she is under those vows, or if she makes rash promises with which she obligates herself, those obligations will remain in force.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    and her husband hears on the day of his hearing and is silent to her, then her vows shall stand, and her binding vows that she bound on her life shall stand.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hear it and be silent at her in the day that he heareth it, then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    and her husband hears it, and says nothing to her in the day that he hears it; then her vows shall stand, and her pledges with which she has bound her soul shall stand.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    \\30:6\\And if she had a husband when she vowed, or uttered aught from her lips, with which she bound her soul;
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and her husband finds out about it but doesn't say anything to her right away, all the promises or pledges she has sworn to do will stand.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And if she is married to a husband at the time when she is under an oath or an undertaking given without thought;
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    (30-8) and her husband hear it, whatsoever day it be that he heareth it, and hold his peace at her; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ
ʼĕçâr
H632
“and · bonds · her”
Conjunction + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Masculine
Number
Plural
State
Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H631

TWOT: 141d

bond, binding obligation, obligation
  1. וְשָׁמַ֥ע shâmaʻ H8085 “and · to hear” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. אִישָׁ֛הּ ʼîysh H376 “man · her” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  3. בְּי֥וֹם yôwm H3117 “in/at · day of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  4. שָׁמְע֖וֹ shâmaʻ H8085 “to hear · him” Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  5. וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ chârash H2790 “and · to plough” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  6. וְקָ֣מוּ qûwm H6965 “and · to rise” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural
  7. נְדָרֶ֗יהָ neder H5088 “vows · her” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  8. אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  9. אָסְרָ֥ה ʼâçar H631 “to bind” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  10. עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
  11. נַפְשָׁ֖הּ nephesh H5315 “soul · her” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  12. יָקֻֽמוּ qûwm H6965 “to rise” Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

14
words
11
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ bond H632 — appearing just 11 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ bond H632 occurs in 10 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 6 verbs
  • 5 nouns
  • 2 prepositions
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וְשָׁמַ֥ע Qal · Sequential Perfect
  • שָׁמְע֖וֹ Qal · Infinitive Construct
  • וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ Hiphil · Sequential Perfect
  • וְקָ֣מוּ Qal · Sequential Perfect
  • אָסְרָ֥ה Qal · Perfect
  • יָקֻֽמוּ Qal · Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • וְשָׁמַ֥ע to hear H8085 ×2
  • וְקָ֣מוּ to rise H6965 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 35 words from the Hebrew and 29 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 14 Hebrew tokens and 23 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Numbers 30:7 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְשָׁמַ֥ע אִישָׁ֛הּ בְּי֥וֹם שָׁמְע֖וֹ וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ לָ֑הּ וְקָ֣מוּ נְדָרֶ֗יהָ וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָ֥ה עַל נַפְשָׁ֖הּ יָקֻֽמוּ

and her husband hear it, and hold his peace at her in the day that he hears it; then her vows shall stand, and her bonds with which she has bound her soul shall stand.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Numbers 30:7 Septuagint · lemma form

ἐάν δέ γίγνομαι γίγνομαι ἀνήρ καί ὁ εὐχή αὐτός ἐπί αὐτός κατά ὁ διαστολή ὁ χεῖλος αὐτός ὅς ὁρίζω κατά ὁ ψυχή αὐτός

But if she should be indeed married, and her vows be upon her according to the utterance of her lips, the obligations which she has contracted upon her soul;

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאִם מֶהֱוָה תֶהֱוֵי לִגְבַר וְנִדְרָהָא עֲלָהּ אוֹ פֵּירוּשׁ סִפְוָתָהָא דִי אֲסָרַת עַל נַפְשָׁהּ

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאִין אִתְנַסְבָא אִתְנְסִיבַת לִגְבַר וְנִדְרָהָא עֲלָהּ אוֹ פֵּירוּשֵׁי סִיפְתָהָא דְאָסְרַת עַל נַפְשָׁהּ בְּבֵית אִיבָהָא וְלָא בְטִיל אִיבָהָא עַד לָא אִתְנְסִיבַת וּמִדְאִתְנְסִיבַת לִגְבַר יִתְקַיְימוּן

    And if when she hath been taken by a husband a vow be upon her, or her lips have expressed that which is binding upon her soul while in her father's house, and her father had not absolved her while unmarried, then, when she hath been married, it shall be confirmed.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Numbers 30:7 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Either by oath, or solemn promise.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

7, 8. When her husband comes to hear of it (see Num_30:4), he may then either annul it if he wishes, or by tacit approval allow it to stand.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And her husband heard it, and held his peace at her in the day that he heard it,.... The vow she made, and by his silence consented to it:

then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand; or she be under obligation to perform them.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Husband, whether she live with him, or with her father; whether she be only espoused, or the marriage be consummated. Women often staid for some time at their father’s house after they were married; and, in this case, some people say that either her father or her husband might disannul her vow. But others allow this right only to her husband. (Bonfrere) See ver. 11. (Calmet)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

ואם היו תהיה לאיש AND IF SHE BECOMES A MAN’S — (a phrase used for marriage). This refers to a woman who becomes betrothed (ארוסה). Or perhaps this is not so, but it refers to a married woman (one who has joined her husband; cf. Rashi on Leviticus 21:9). When, however, it says, (v. 11) “And if she vowed in her husband’s house”, it is evident that a married woman is being spoken of there, and here, therefore, the text is speaking of one who has been only betrothed. And it (the separate mention of her) is intended to make a different rule about her — that her father and her husband must annul her vow: if the father annulled and the husband did not annul, or the husband annulled and the father did not annul, then this vow is not regarded as annulled, and it is not necessary to state (and it is a matter of course) that if one of them confirmed the vow the other has no power to annul it (Sifrei Bamidbar 153:7; Nedarim 67a).

ונדריה עליה [AND IF SHE BECOMES A MAN’S] AND HER VOWS ARE UPON HER — It means that she had made the vows being in her father’s house, and her father did not hear them, and so they were neither annulled nor confirmed at the time of her betrothal (cf. Sifrei Bamidbar 153:7).

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Ramban (Nachmanides)

Rabbi Moshe ben Nachman (Ramban / Nachmanides)

AND IF SHE WERE AT ALL [BETROTHED] TO A MAN, AND THERE ARE VOWS UPON HER. In the opinion of our Rabbis Scripture [here] is saying: “and if she, this woman [mentioned above in Verses 4-6] were at all [betrothed] to a man, and bound herself by a bond, being in her father’s house, in her youth — and there are vows upon her, meaning that her father had not heard them, so that they were neither annulled nor confirmed, and her [betrothed] husband hears them as well [as her father who hears them now when she is betrothed], then he makes void her vow, signifying that he also joins [now] with the father in annulling her vows [that are upon her].”

And the phrase she were at all ‘to a man’ means that she is [promised] unto him but [still] is in her father’s house, and has not yet come to his [the man’s] house, and [hence] this must refer to a betrothed girl, for Scripture calls her too, the wife of his fellow. of the man to whom she is betrothed, in the same way that here he is described as her ish (man) — literally “husband.” Now our Rabbis did not explain [that this verse refers to a fully-married wife, and teaches] that a husband himself can annul the vows of his married wife which she “brought along” from her father’s house to his house, as would seem the simple meaning of the verse, for if that were so, why would Scripture have to repeat itself and say [in Verse 11], And if a woman vowed in her husband’s house, for if he can annul [even] those vows which preceded [his marriage to her], surely [he can annul] those vows which [she makes whilst she is] in his house! a woman vowed in her husband’s house etc.? It must be because Verses 7-9 speak about a betrothed woman, in which case both the father and the betrothed do jointly annul her vow. “If the father revoked the vow but not the betrothed, or if the betrothed revoked it but not the father, the vow is not revoked. Still less need it be said if one of them explicitly confirmed the vow” (Nedarim 67a). — It should be noted that the term “betrothed” in this connection has reference to the actual “betrothal” of a man to a woman to be his wife [not a mere “engagement”]. In the eyes of the Jewish law she is then considered his wife, except that the consummation of the marriage takes place some time after the betrothal. And [even without resorting to this reasoning], it is the tradition [of the Rabbis] which decides [the true meaning of the verses].

Ramban (Nachmanides) on the Tanakh — English translation: “Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Numbers, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 14 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼĕçâr (“bond”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “bond” (ʼĕçâr) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. Numbers 30:2 shares the word «bond» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “to hear” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. The verb «וְשָׁמַ֥ע» is Qal Sequential Perfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Geneva Bible (1599) and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

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