Genesis 43:13

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Take also your brother, and arise, go again to the man.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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וְק֖וּמוּ

qûwm

H6965

“and · rise”

Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural

Appears 628× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 4:8

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1999

to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up - (Qal) - to arise - to arise (hostile sense) - to arise, become powerful - to arise, come on the scene - to stand - to maintain oneself - to be established, be confirmed - to stand, endure - to be fixed - to be valid - to be proven - to be fulfilled - to persist - to be set, be fixed - (Piel) - to fulfil - to confirm, ratify, establish, impose - (Polel) to raise up - (Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up - (Hiphil) - to cause to arise, raise - to raise, set up, erect, build - to raise up, bring on the scene - to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate - to raise up, constitute - to cause to stand, set, station, establish - to make binding - to carry out, give effect to - (Hophal) to be raised up

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7: words
7: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Grammatical profile

3 verbs
2 nouns
1 preposition
1 particle

Verb forms

קָ֑חוּ Qal · Imperative
וְק֖וּמוּ Qal · Imperative
שׁ֥וּבוּ Qal · Imperative

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 11 words from the Hebrew and 11 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 11 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Genesis 43:13 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Genesis 42:38 He said, "My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he only is left. If harm happens to him by the way in which you go, then you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol."

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Genesis 43:13 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְאֶת אֲחִיכֶ֖ם קָ֑חוּ וְק֖וּמוּ שׁ֥וּבוּ אֶל הָאִֽישׁ

Take also your brother, and arise, go again to the man.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Genesis 43:13 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ ἀδελφός σύ λαμβάνω καί ἀναἵστημι καταβαίνω πρός ὁ ἄνθρωπος

And take your brother; and arise, go down to the man.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וְיָת אֲחוּכוֹן דְּבָרוּ וְקוּמוּ תּוּבוּ לְוַת גַּבְרָא

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וְיַת אֲחוּכוֹן דְבָרוּ וְקוּמוּ תוּבוּ לְוַת גַבְרָא

And take Benjamin your brother, and arise, return to the man,

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Genesis 43:13 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Gen 43:13 Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man:

Ver. 13. Take also your brother.] Since there is no other remedy. But if I could otherwise do, he should never go. God doeth us good sometimes against our wills, and crosseth us with a blessing. The heathens could pray thus -

“Great God, the good thou hast to give,

Whether we will’t or no,

Let’s still receive: no mischief thrive

To work our overthrow.”

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

43:13-14 Jacob finally entrusted his family’s future to God Almighty, the divine title that stresses God’s power (see also 17:1; 28:3; 35:11; 48:3; 1 Kgs 19:10, 14; Rev 21:22).

John Gill's Exposition

And God Almighty give you mercy before the man,.... Who has the hearts of all men in his hands, kings, princes, governors, even those who are the most cruel and hardhearted, rough and severe in their tempers and dispositions, and such an one they had represented this man to be; one that had spoke roughly to them, and used them roughly: Jacob therefore sent him a present to soften his mind, and now he puts up a prayer to God, and dismisses his sons with his good wishes for them, that God would incline the heart of the governor to show kindness to them, and let them have corn, nor use any of them ill: particularly:

that he may send away your other brother and Benjamin; release Simeon, and send him and Benjamin aiming with them when they returned:

if I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved; this he said, not as utterly despairing of their return, but as expressive of his patient submission to the divine will, be it as it may be.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Take also your brother

"Take also Benjamin"

go again

"return"

May God Almighty give you mercy before the man

The abstract noun "mercy" can be stated as the adjective "kind." AT: "May God Almighty cause the man to be kind to you" (See: Abstract Nouns)

your other brother

"Simeon"

If I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved

"If I lose my children, then I lose my children." This means that Jacob knows he must accept whatever happens to his sons.

in their hand they took

Here "hand" refers to the entire person. AT: "they took" (See: Synecdoche)

went down to Egypt

It was common to use the phrase "went down" when speaking of traveling from Canaan to Egypt.

translationWords

brother

God

Almighty

mercy

Benjamin

Joseph (OT)

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Genesis, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 7 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is qûwm (“to rise”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word qûwm carries the sense “to rise.” How does it shape the verse?
How does Genesis 42:38, which shares this passage’s theme, read alongside this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«קָ֑חוּ» is a Qal Imperative verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Tyndale Open Study Notes read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 7 Hebrew ↔ 11 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 7 words in this verse.
7 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 7 words in this verse.