אָיַב
enemy
‘enemy’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”).
Form
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H341 appears in the Book of Psalms — 73 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Psalms
- Psalms 3:7 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Arise, Yahweh! Save me, my God! For you have struck all of my enemies on the cheek bone. You have broken the teeth of the wicked.
- Psalms 6:10 אֹיְבָ֑/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs May all my enemies be ashamed and dismayed. They shall turn back, they shall be disgraced suddenly.
- Psalms 7:5 אוֹיֵ֨ב Qal ptcp.act ms Let the enemy pursue my soul, and overtake it; Yes, let him tread my life down to the earth, And lay my glory in the dust. Selah.
- Psalms 8:2 א֝וֹיֵ֗ב Qal ptcp.act ms From the lips of babes and infants you have established strength, Because of your adversaries, that you might silence the enemy and the avenger.
- Psalms 9:3 אוֹיְבַ֥/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs When my enemies turn back, They stumble and perish in your presence.
- Psalms 9:6 הָֽ/אוֹיֵ֨ב ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act ms The enemy is overtaken by endless ruin. The very memory of the cities which you have overthrown has perished.
- Psalms 13:2 אֹיְבִ֣/י Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs How long shall I take counsel in my soul, Having sorrow in my heart every day? How long shall my enemy triumph over me?
- Psalms 13:4 אֹיְבִ֣/י Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Lest my enemy say, "I have prevailed against him;" Lest my adversaries rejoice when I fall.
- Psalms 17:9 אֹיְבַ֥/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs From the wicked who oppress me, My deadly enemies, who surround me.
- Psalms 18:1 אֹ֝יְבָ֗י/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms I love you, Yahweh, my strength.
- Psalms 18:3 אֹ֝יְבַ֗/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs I call on Yahweh, who is worthy to be praised; And I am saved from my enemies.
- Psalms 18:17 מֵ/אֹיְבִ֥/י prep + Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He delivered me from my strong enemy, From those who hated me; for they were too mighty for me.
- Psalms 18:37 א֭וֹיְבַ/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs I will pursue my enemies, and overtake them. Neither will I turn again until they are consumed.
- Psalms 18:40 וְֽ/אֹיְבַ֗/י conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, That I might cut off those who hate me.
- Psalms 18:48 מֵ/אֹ֫יְבָ֥/י prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs He rescues me from my enemies. Yes, you lift me up above those who rise up against me. You deliver me from the violent man.
- Psalms 21:8 אֹיְבֶ֑י/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms Your hand will find out all of your enemies. Your right hand will find out those who hate you.
- Psalms 25:2 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs My God, I have trusted in you, Don't let me be shamed. Don't let my enemies triumph over me.
- Psalms 25:19 אוֹיְבַ֥/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Consider my enemies, for they are many. They hate me with cruel hatred.
- Psalms 27:2 וְ/אֹיְבַ֣/י conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs When evil-doers came at me to eat up my flesh, Even my adversaries and my foes, they stumbled and fell.
- Psalms 27:6 אֹֽיְבַ֬/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Now my head will be lifted up above my enemies around me. I will offer sacrifices of joy in his tent. I will sing, yes, I will sing praises to Yahweh.
- Psalms 30:1 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs I will extol you, Yahweh, for you have raised me up, And have not made my foes to rejoice over me.
- Psalms 31:8 אוֹיֵ֑ב Qal ptcp.act ms You have not shut me up into the hand of the enemy. You have set my feet in a large place.
- Psalms 31:15 א֝וֹיְבַ֗/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs My times are in your hand. Deliver me from the hand of my enemies, and from those who persecute me.
- Psalms 35:19 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Don't let those who are my enemies wrongfully rejoice over me; Neither let them wink with the eye who hate me without a cause.
- Psalms 37:20 וְ/אֹיְבֵ֣י conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs But the wicked shall perish. The enemies of Yahweh shall be like the beauty of the fields. They will vanish-- Vanish like smoke.
- Psalms 38:19 וְֽ֭/אֹיְבַ/י conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs But my enemies are vigorous and many. Those who hate me without reason are numerous.
- Psalms 41:2 אֹיְבָֽי/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms Yahweh will preserve him, and keep him alive, He shall be blessed on the earth, And he will not surrender him to the will of his enemies.
- Psalms 41:5 אוֹיְבַ֗/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs My enemies speak evil against me: "When will he die, and his name perish?"
- Psalms 41:11 אֹיְבִ֣/י Qal ptcp.act ms cs + sfx pers 1cs By this I know that you delight in me, Because my enemy doesn't triumph over me.
- Psalms 42:9 אוֹיֵֽב Qal ptcp.act ms I will ask God, my rock, "Why have you forgotten me? Why do I go mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?"
- Psalms 43:2 אוֹיֵֽב Qal ptcp.act ms For you are the God of my strength. Why have you rejected me? Why do I go mourning because of the oppression of the enemy?
- Psalms 44:16 א֝וֹיֵ֗ב Qal ptcp.act ms At the taunt of one who reproaches and verbally abuses, Because of the enemy and the avenger.
- Psalms 45:5 אוֹיְבֵ֥י Qal ptcp.act mp cs Your arrows are sharp. The nations fall under you, with arrows in the heart of the king's enemies.
- Psalms 54:7 וּ֝/בְ/אֹיְבַ֗/י conj + prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs For he has delivered me out of all trouble. My eye has seen triumph over my enemies.
- Psalms 55:3 אוֹיֵ֗ב Qal ptcp.act ms Because of the voice of the enemy, Because of the oppression of the wicked. For they bring suffering on me. In anger they hold a grudge against me.
- Psalms 55:12 אוֹיֵ֥ב Qal ptcp.act ms For it was not an enemy who insulted me, Then I could have endured it. Neither was it he who hated me who raised himself up against me, Then I would have hid myself from him.
- Psalms 56:9 אוֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Then my enemies shall turn back in the day that I call. I know this, that God is for me.
- Psalms 59:1 מֵ/אֹיְבַ֥/י prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Deliver me from my enemies, my God. Set me on high from those who rise up against me.
- Psalms 61:3 אוֹיֵֽב Qal ptcp.act ms For you have been a refuge for me, A strong tower from the enemy.
- Psalms 64:1 א֝וֹיֵ֗ב Qal ptcp.act ms Hear my voice, God, in my complaint. Preserve my life from fear of the enemy.
- Psalms 66:3 אֹיְבֶֽי/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms Tell God, "How awesome are your deeds! Through the greatness of your power, your enemies submit themselves to you.
- Psalms 68:1 אוֹיְבָ֑י/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms Let God arise! Let his enemies be scattered! Let them who hate him also flee before him.
- Psalms 68:21 אֹ֫יְבָ֥י/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms But God will strike through the head of his enemies, The hairy scalp of such a one as still continues in his guiltiness.
- Psalms 68:23 מֵ/אֹיְבִ֥ים prep + Qal ptcp.act mp That you may crush them, dipping your foot in blood, That the tongues of your dogs may have their portion from your enemies."
- Psalms 69:4 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Those who hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of my head. Those who want to cut me off, being my enemies wrongfully, are mighty. I have to restore what I didn't take away.
- Psalms 69:18 אֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Draw near to my soul, and redeem it. Ransom me because of my enemies.
- Psalms 71:10 אוֹיְבַ֣/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs For my enemies talk about me. Those who watch for my soul conspire together,
- Psalms 72:9 וְ֝/אֹיְבָ֗י/ו conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms Those who dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him. His enemies shall lick the dust.
- Psalms 74:3 אוֹיֵ֣ב Qal ptcp.act ms Lift up your feet to the perpetual ruins, All the evil that the enemy has done in the sanctuary.
- Psalms 74:10 אוֹיֵ֖ב Qal ptcp.act ms How long, God, shall the adversary reproach? Shall the enemy blaspheme your name forever?
- Psalms 74:18 א֭וֹיֵב Qal ptcp.act ms Remember this, that the enemy has mocked you, Yahweh. Foolish people have blasphemed your name.
- Psalms 78:53 א֝וֹיְבֵי/הֶ֗ם Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3mp He led them safely, so that they weren't afraid, But the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
- Psalms 80:6 וְ֝/אֹיְבֵ֗י/נוּ conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cp You make us a source of contention to our neighbors. Our enemies laugh among themselves.
- Psalms 81:14 אוֹיְבֵי/הֶ֣ם Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3mp I would soon subdue their enemies, And turn my hand against their adversaries.
- Psalms 83:2 א֭וֹיְבֶי/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms For, behold, your enemies are stirred up. Those who hate you have lifted up their heads.
- Psalms 89:10 אוֹיְבֶֽי/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms You have broken Rahab in pieces, like one of the slain. You have scattered your enemies with your mighty arm.
- Psalms 89:22 אוֹיֵ֣ב Qal ptcp.act ms No enemy will tax him. No wicked man will oppress him.
- Psalms 89:42 אוֹיְבָֽי/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms You have exalted the right hand of his adversaries. You have made all of his enemies rejoice.
- Psalms 89:51 אוֹיְבֶ֥י/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms With which your enemies have mocked, Yahweh, With which they have mocked the footsteps of your anointed one.
- Psalms 92:9 אֹיְבֶ֡י/ךָ אֹיְבֶ֣י/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms For, behold, your enemies, Yahweh, For, behold, your enemies shall perish. All the evil-doers will be scattered.
- Psalms 102:8 אוֹיְבָ֑/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs My enemies reproach me all day. Those who are mad at me use my name as a curse.
- Psalms 106:10 אוֹיֵֽב Qal ptcp.act ms He saved them from the hand of him who hated them, And redeemed them from the hand of the enemy.
- Psalms 106:42 אוֹיְבֵי/הֶ֑ם Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3mp Their enemies also oppressed them. They were brought into subjection under their hand.
- Psalms 110:1 אֹ֝יְבֶ֗י/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms Yahweh says to my Lord, "Sit at my right hand, Until I make your enemies your footstool for your feet."
- Psalms 110:2 אֹיְבֶֽי/ךָ Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 2ms Yahweh will send forth the rod of your strength out of Zion. Rule in the midst of your enemies.
- Psalms 119:98 מֵ֭/אֹ֣יְבַ/י prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Your commandments make me wiser than my enemies, For your commandments are always with me.
- Psalms 127:5 אוֹיְבִ֣ים Qal ptcp.act mp Happy is the man who has his quiver full of them. They won't be disappointed when they speak with their enemies in the gate.
- Psalms 132:18 א֭וֹיְבָי/ו Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 3ms I will clothe his enemies with shame, But on himself, his crown will be resplendant."
- Psalms 138:7 אֹ֭יְבַ/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Though I walk in the midst of trouble, you will revive me. You will stretch forth your hand against the wrath of my enemies. Your right hand will save me.
- Psalms 139:22 לְ֝/אוֹיְבִ֗ים prep + Qal ptcp.act mp I hate them with perfect hatred. They have become my enemies.
- Psalms 143:3 אוֹיֵ֨ב Qal ptcp.act ms For the enemy pursues my soul. He has struck my life down to the ground. He has made me live in dark places, as those who have been long dead.
- Psalms 143:9 מֵ/אֹיְבַ֥/י prep + Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs Deliver me, Yahweh, from my enemies. I flee to you to hide me.
- Psalms 143:12 אֹ֫יְבָ֥/י Qal ptcp.act mp cs + sfx pers 1cs In your loving kindness, cut off my enemies, And destroy all those who afflict my soul, For I am your servant.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
איב (ʼôyêb) is a Hebrew word most often rendered “enemy.” It first appears in Genesis 22:17. With 275 verses in 28 books, it is a common word in the Hebrew Bible. It concentrates in Psalms, which alone accounts for 27% of its uses. Not a single-sense word: explore its full sense range. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H341 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 275
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 275 distinct verses.
- 28 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 28 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #175
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 175 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 275 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Psalms 73 verses 27%
- Deuteronomy 25 verses 9%
- 1 Samuel 20 verses 7%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 275 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 119 verses · 43%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 103 verses · 37%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 53 verses · 19%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Enemies 128×, Enemy 56×, All thine enemies 10×
- American Standard Version: Enemies 115×, Enemy 51×, All thine enemies 9×
- Berean Standard Bible: Enemies 178×, Enemy 63×, Foes 9×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Enemies 170×, Enemy 69×, Enemies of 11×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H341 across 281 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 56 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H341 across 281 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 62 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H341 across 279 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 17 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H341 across 284 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 1 sense the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- Pf. †וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י Ex 23:22; Pt. אוֹיֵב (אֹיֵב) Ex 15:6 +; sf. (אוֹיְבִי) אֹיְבִי 2 S 22:18 = ψ 18:18 +; f. sf. אֹיַבְתִּי Mi 7:8, 10; אֹיִבְךָ Ex 23:4 +, etc.; pl. אוֹיְבִים ψ 68:24; 127:5; אֹיְבִים ψ 139:22, etc.;—be hostile to, treat as enemy Ex 23:22 (E, Cov’t code) וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י אֶת־אֹיְבֶיךָ וְצַרְתִּ֫י אֶת־צֹרְרֶיךָ (subj. י׳); elsewhere Pt. 1 S 18:29 וַיְהִי שָׁאוּל אֹיֵב אֶת־דָּוִד; usually as subst. & mostly sf.; enemy, of personal foe Ex 23:4 (E ‖ שֹׂנֵא v 5) Nu 35:23 (P) 1 S 19:17 (cf. 18:29) 24:5, 20 2 S 4:8 1 K 21:20 Jb 27:7 ψ 54:9; 55:13 (‖ מְשַׂנֵּא; opp. אַלּוּף, מְיֻדָּע v 14) Mi 2:8 Pr 16:7; 24:17 +; in sim. Je 30:14 (מַכַּת אוֹיֵב); of public national enemy, sg. Ju 16:23, 24; coll. Ex 15:6, 9 Dt 33:27 Na 3:11 2 Ch 6:24 +; personif. Mi 7:8, 10; more oft. pl. Ex 23:22 (E) Lv 26:7f (H) Nu 10:9 (P) Dt 1:42; 6:19 Je 15:9; 34:20, 21 +; of enemies of God, as protector of his people Nu 10:35 (J) Ju 5:31 1 S 30:26 2 S 18:19 ψ 66:3; 68:1, 22 Na 1:2, 8 Is 66:6 +; as morally supreme Jb 13:24; 33:10 ψ 37:20; 92:10(×2) +; of God as enemy of rebellious people Is 63:10, in sim. La 2:4, 5. e.g. Exodus 23:22
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
vb. be hostile to (Ass. aibu (v. DlW), enemy = אֹיֵב)—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from איב (ʼâyab) (H340) — to be hostile.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
אֵיב
- v. אֵב
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 178 distinct written forms H341 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| אוֹיֵֽב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 32:42 | 10 |
| אֹֽיְבֵי/הֶ֔ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Jeremiah 19:7 | 7 |
| אֹיְבֵי/הֶ֖ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Kings 8:48 | 6 |
| אֹיְבֶ֑י/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 21:10 | 6 |
| אֹיְבַ֣/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 3:7 | 6 |
| אֹיְבָֽי/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Genesis 22:17 | 6 |
| אֹיְבֵי/כֶ֑ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 20:3 | 5 |
| אֹיְבֵי/כֶֽם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 1:42 | 5 |
| אֹיְבָ֖י/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Samuel 14:30 | 5 |
| אוֹיֵ֑ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 1 Kings 8:46 | 5 |
| אוֹיֵ֖ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 33:27 | 5 |
| אֹיְבֶ֨י/ךָ֙ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 23:14 | 4 |
| א֝וֹיֵ֗ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 8:2 | 3 |
| אֹ֣יְבֵי/הֶ֔ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Esther 9:5 | 3 |
| אֹ֣יְבֶ֔י/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Exodus 23:22 | 3 |
| אֹיְבִ֣/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Psalms 13:2 | 3 |
| אֹיְבֵ֥י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Samuel 20:16 | 3 |
| אֹיְבֵי/כֶ֛ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 12:10 | 3 |
| אֹיְבֶ֔י/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 20:14 | 3 |
| אֹיְבֶ֖י/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 6:19 | 3 |
| אוֹיֵ֔ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 25:8 | 3 |
| אוֹיֵ֣ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Numbers 35:23 | 3 |
| לְ/אוֹיֵ֣ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Job 13:24 | 3 |
| אֹ֣יְב֔/וֹ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct | 1 Kings 8:44 | 2 |
| אֹֽיְבֵי/הֶ֑ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Ezekiel 39:27 | 2 |
| אֹֽיְבֵי/כֶ֔ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Joshua 10:19 | 2 |
| אֹֽיְבָ֔י/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Jeremiah 44:30 | 2 |
| אֹיְב֖/וֹ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct | 1 Kings 8:37 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֵ֣י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Samuel 20:15 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֵֽי/נוּ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Samuel 4:3 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֵי/הֶ֑ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Leviticus 26:36 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֵי/הֶֽם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 2 Kings 21:14 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֵי/כֶ֖ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 20:4 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֶ֗י/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Deuteronomy 20:1 | 2 |
| אֹיְבֶֽי/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 66:3 | 2 |
| אֹיְבַ֥/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Lamentations 3:52 | 2 |
| אֹיִבְ/ךָ֖ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Deuteronomy 28:55 | 2 |
| אֹיַ֨בְתִּ/י֙ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Feminine, Singular, Construct | Micah 7:8 | 2 |
| אוֹיְבֵ֥י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 2 Chronicles 20:29 | 2 |
| אוֹיְבֵֽי/נוּ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Judges 16:23 | 2 |
| אוֹיְבַ֣/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 56:9 | 2 |
| אוֹיְבַ֥/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 9:3 | 2 |
| אוֹיְבָ֖י/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Chronicles 22:9 | 2 |
| אוֹיֵ֛ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 15:9 | 2 |
| אוֹיֵ֨ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 7:5 | 2 |
| וְ/אוֹיֵ֔ב | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 7:6 | 2 |
| לְ/אֹ֣יְבַ֔יִ/ךְ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Isaiah 62:8 | 2 |
| לְ/אֹיְבָֽי/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Isaiah 66:6 | 2 |
| מֵ/אֹיְבַ֥/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 59:1 | 2 |
| א֝וֹיְבֵי/הֶ֗ם | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 78:53 | 1 |
| א֝וֹיְבַ֗/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 31:15 | 1 |
| א֝וֹיְבָ֗י/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Proverbs 16:7 | 1 |
| א֣וֹיְבֵ֔/נוּ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Judges 16:24 | 1 |
| א֣וֹיְבֵ֔י/נוּ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Nehemiah 6:16 | 1 |
| א֣וֹיְבַ֔/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 1 Samuel 2:1 | 1 |
| א֣וֹיְבַ֔יִ/ךְ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Lamentations 2:16 | 1 |
| א֣וֹיְבָ֔י/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | 2 Chronicles 6:34 | 1 |
| א֭וֹיְבֶי/ךָ | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 83:2 | 1 |
| א֭וֹיְבַ/י | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 18:37 | 1 |
| א֭וֹיְבָי/ו | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Plural, Construct | Psalms 132:18 | 1 |
The 60 most common forms are shown; 118 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H341, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 243 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 275 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 22:17
- Exodus 15:6
- Leviticus 26:7
- Numbers 10:9
- Deuteronomy 1:42
- Joshua 7:8
- Judges 2:14
- 1 Samuel 2:1
- 2 Samuel 3:18
- 1 Kings 3:11
- 2 Kings 17:39
- 1 Chronicles 14:11
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
