רוּם
to rise
also: rise up, be high, be lofty, be exalted fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Hiphil verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”). Here: ‘lift up voice Gn 39’
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘be high’
- Polel
- A stem of hollow/geminate roots functioning like the Piel — intensive active. Here: ‘exalt’
- Hophal
- The passive counterpart of the Hiphil (“he was caused to…”).
- Polal
- The passive counterpart of the Polel.
- Hithpolel
- The reflexive counterpart of the Polel.
Form
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Imperative
- A direct command (“write!”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Jussive
- A third- or second-person volitional form expressing wish or command (“let him write”).
- Participle Passive
- A verbal adjective expressing action received (“written”).
- Cohortative
- A first-person volitional form expressing wish or resolve (“let me / let us write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Person
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
68 distinct verses where H7311 appears in the Qal stem, across 14 books. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 1 verse
Exodus 2 verses
- Exodus 14:8 רָמָֽה Qal ptcp.act fs Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel; for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.
- Exodus 16:20 וַ/יָּ֥רֻם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms Notwithstanding they didn't listen to Moses, but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and became foul: and Moses was angry with them.
Numbers 2 verses
- Numbers 24:7 וְ/יָרֹ֤ם conj + Qal juss 3ms Water shall flow from his buckets, His seed shall be in many waters, His king shall be higher than Agag, His kingdom shall be exalted.
- Numbers 33:3 רָמָ֔ה Qal ptcp.act fs They traveled from Rameses in the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the next day after the Passover the children of Israel went out with a high hand in the sight of all the Egyptians,
Deuteronomy 9 verses
- Deuteronomy 1:28 וָ/רָם֙ conj + Qal ptcp.act ms Where are we going up? our brothers have made our heart to melt, saying, The people are greater and taller than we; the cities are great and fortified up to the sky; and moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakim there.
- Deuteronomy 2:10 וָ/רָ֖ם conj + Qal ptcp.act ms (The Emim lived therein before, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim:
- Deuteronomy 2:21 וָ/רָ֖ם conj + Qal ptcp.act ms a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim; but Yahweh destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and lived in their place;
- Deuteronomy 8:14 וְ/רָ֖ם conj + Qal wpf 3ms then your heart be lifted up, and you forget Yahweh your God, who brought you forth out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage;
- Deuteronomy 9:2 וָ/רָ֖ם conj + Qal ptcp.act ms a people great and tall, the sons of the Anakim, whom you know, and of whom you have heard say, Who can stand before the sons of Anak?
- Deuteronomy 12:2 הָֽ/רָמִים֙ ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act mp You shall surely destroy all the places in which the nations that you shall dispossess served their gods, on the high mountains, and on the hills, and under every green tree:
- Deuteronomy 17:20 רוּם Qal inf.cs that his heart not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he not turn aside from the commandment, to the right hand, or to the left: to the end that he may prolong his days in his kingdom, he and his children, in the midst of Israel.
- Deuteronomy 27:14 רָֽם Qal ptcp.act ms The Levites shall answer, and tell all the men of Israel with a loud voice,
- Deuteronomy 32:27 רָ֔מָה Qal pf 3fs Were it not that I feared the provocation of the enemy, Lest their adversaries should judge wrongly, Lest they should say, Our hand is exalted, Yahweh has not done all this.
1 Samuel 1 verse
2 Samuel 2 verses
Job 3 verses
- Job 21:22 רָמִ֥ים Qal ptcp.act mp "Shall any teach God knowledge, Seeing he judges those who are high?
- Job 22:12 רָֽמּוּ Qal pf 3cp "Isn't God in the heights of heaven? See the height of the stars, how high they are!
- Job 38:15 רָ֝מָ֗ה Qal ptcp.act fs From the wicked, their light is withheld, The high arm is broken.
Psalms 23 verses
- Psalms 12:8 כְּ/רֻ֥ם prep + Qal inf.cs The wicked walk on every side, When what is vile is exalted among the sons of men.
- Psalms 13:2 יָר֖וּם Qal impf 3ms How long shall I take counsel in my soul, Having sorrow in my heart every day? How long shall my enemy triumph over me?
- Psalms 18:27 רָמ֣וֹת Qal ptcp.act fp For you will save the afflicted people, But the haughty eyes you will bring down.
- Psalms 18:46 וְ֝/יָר֗וּם conj + Qal impf 3ms Yahweh lives; and blessed be my rock. Exalted be the God of my salvation,
- Psalms 21:13 ר֣וּמָ/ה Qal impv 2ms + sfx h Be exalted, Yahweh, in your strength, So we will sing and praise your power.
- Psalms 27:6 יָר֪וּם Qal impf 3ms Now my head will be lifted up above my enemies around me. I will offer sacrifices of joy in his tent. I will sing, yes, I will sing praises to Yahweh.
- Psalms 46:10 אָר֥וּם אָר֥וּם Qal impf 1cs Qal impf 1cs "Be still, and know that I am God. I will be exalted among the nations. I will be exalted in the earth."
- Psalms 57:5 ר֣וּמָ/ה Qal impv 2ms + sfx h Be exalted, God, above the heavens! Let your glory be above all the earth!
- Psalms 57:11 ר֣וּמָ/ה Qal impv 2ms + sfx h Be exalted, God, above the heavens. Let your glory be over all the earth.
- Psalms 61:2 יָר֖וּם Qal impf 3ms From the end of the earth, I will call to you, when my heart is overwhelmed. Lead me to the rock that is higher than I.
- Psalms 66:7 ירימו יָר֖וּמוּ Hiphil juss 3mp Qal juss 3mp He rules by his might forever. His eyes watch the nations. Don't let the rebellious rise up against him. Selah.
- Psalms 78:69 רָ֭מִים Qal ptcp.act mp He built his sanctuary like the heights, Like the earth which he has established forever.
- Psalms 89:13 תָּר֥וּם Qal impf 3fs You have a mighty arm. Your hand is strong, and your right hand is exalted.
- Psalms 89:16 יָרֽוּמוּ Qal impf 3mp In your name they rejoice all day. In your righteousness, they are exalted.
- Psalms 89:17 תרים תָּר֥וּם Hiphil impf 2ms Qal impf 3fs For you are the glory of their strength. In your favor, our horn will be exalted.
- Psalms 89:24 תָּר֥וּם Qal impf 3fs But my faithfulness and my loving kindness will be with him. In my name, his horn will be exalted.
- Psalms 99:2 וְ/רָ֥ם conj + Qal ptcp.act ms Yahweh is great in Zion. He is high above all the peoples.
- Psalms 108:5 ר֣וּמָ/ה Qal impv 2ms + sfx h Be exalted, God, above the heavens, Let your glory be over all the earth.
- Psalms 112:9 תָּר֥וּם Qal impf 3fs He has dispersed, he has given to the poor. His righteousness endures forever. His horn will be exalted with honor.
- Psalms 113:4 רָ֖ם Qal ptcp.act ms Yahweh is high above all nations, His glory above the heavens.
- Psalms 131:1 רָמ֣וּ Qal pf 3cp Yahweh, my heart isn't haughty, nor my eyes lofty; Nor do I concern myself with great matters, Or things too wonderful for me.
- Psalms 138:6 רָ֣ם Qal ptcp.act ms For though Yahweh is high, yet he looks after the lowly; But the proud, he knows from afar.
- Psalms 140:8 יָר֥וּמוּ Qal impf 3mp Yahweh, don't grant the desires of the wicked. Don't let their evil plans succeed, or they will become proud. Selah.
Proverbs 4 verses
- Proverbs 6:17 רָ֭מוֹת Qal ptcp.act fp Haughty eyes, a lying tongue, Hands that shed innocent blood;
- Proverbs 11:11 תָּר֣וּם Qal impf 3fs By the blessing of the upright, the city is exalted, But it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked.
- Proverbs 24:7 רָאמ֣וֹת Qal ptcp.act fp Wisdom is too high for a fool: He doesn't open his mouth in the gate.
- Proverbs 30:13 רָמ֣וּ Qal pf 3cp There is a generation, oh how lofty are their eyes! Their eyelids are lifted up.
Isaiah 10 verses
- Isaiah 2:12 וָ/רָ֑ם conj + Qal ptcp.act ms For there will be a day of Yahweh of Hosts for all that is proud and haughty, And for all that is lifted up; And it shall be brought low:
- Isaiah 2:13 הָ/רָמִ֖ים ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act mp For all the cedars of Lebanon, that are high and lifted up, For all the oaks of Bashan,
- Isaiah 2:14 הָ/רָמִ֑ים ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act mp For all the high mountains, For all the hills that are lifted up,
- Isaiah 6:1 רָ֣ם Qal ptcp.act ms In the year that king Uzziah died, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high and lifted up; and his train filled the temple.
- Isaiah 10:33 וְ/רָמֵ֤י conj + Qal ptcp.act mp cs Behold, the Lord, Yahweh of Hosts, will lop the boughs with terror: and the high of stature shall be hewn down, and the lofty shall be brought low.
- Isaiah 26:11 רָ֥מָה Qal pf 3fs Yahweh, your hand is lifted up, yet they don't see: but they shall see [your] zeal for the people, and be disappointed; yes, fire shall devour your adversaries.
- Isaiah 30:18 יָר֖וּם Qal impf 3ms Therefore will Yahweh wait, that he may be gracious to you; and therefore will he be exalted, that he may have mercy on you: for Yahweh is a God of justice; blessed are all those who wait for him.
- Isaiah 49:11 יְרֻמֽוּ/ן Qal impf 3mp + sfx n I will make all my mountains a way, and my highways shall be exalted.
- Isaiah 52:13 יָר֧וּם Qal impf 3ms Behold, my servant shall deal wisely, he shall be exalted and lifted up, and shall be very high.
- Isaiah 57:15 רָ֣ם Qal ptcp.act ms For thus says the high and lofty One who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy: I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also who is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite.
Ezekiel 8 verses
- Ezekiel 6:13 רָמָ֜ה Qal ptcp.act fs You shall know that I am Yahweh, when their slain men shall be among their idols round about their altars, on every high hill, on all the tops of the mountains, and under every green tree, and under every thick oak, the places where they offered sweet savor to all their idols.
- Ezekiel 10:4 וַ/יָּ֤רָם conj + Qal wimpf 3ms The glory of Yahweh mounted up from the cherub, [and stood] over the threshold of the house; and the house was filled with the cloud, and the court was full of the brightness of Yahweh's glory.
- Ezekiel 10:16 לָ/רוּם֙ prep + Qal inf.cs When the cherubim went, the wheels went beside them; and when the cherubim lifted up their wings to mount up from the earth, the wheels also didn't turn from beside them.
- Ezekiel 10:17 וּ/בְ/רוֹמָ֖/ם conj + prep + Qal inf.cs + sfx pers 3mp When they stood, these stood; and when they mounted up, these mounted up with them: for the spirit of the living creature was in them.
- Ezekiel 17:22 הָ/רָמָ֖ה ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.act fs Thus says the Lord Yahweh: I will also take of the lofty top of the cedar, and will set it; I will crop off from the topmost of its young twigs a tender one, and I will plant it on a high and lofty mountain:
- Ezekiel 20:28 רָמָ֜ה Qal ptcp.act fs For when I had brought them into the land, which I swore to give to them, then they saw every high hill, and every thick tree, and they offered there their sacrifices, and there they presented the provocation of their offering; there also they made their sweet savor, and they poured out there their drink-offerings.
- Ezekiel 31:10 וְ/רָ֥ם conj + Qal pf 3ms Therefore thus said the Lord Yahweh: Because you are exalted in stature, and he has set his top among the thick boughs, and his heart is lifted up in his height;
- Ezekiel 34:6 רָמָ֑ה Qal ptcp.act fs My sheep wandered through all the mountains, and on every high hill: yes, my sheep were scattered on all the surface of the earth; and there was none who searched or sought.
Daniel 1 verse
Hosea 1 verse
Micah 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
רום (rûwm) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to rise.” Translators differ — “high” in the King James Version, then “be exalted” (Berean Standard Bible), as the renderings breakdown shows. With 184 verses in 23 books, it is a common word in the Hebrew Bible. It concentrates in Psalms, which alone accounts for 26% of its uses. Across 6 stems, its meaning turns on the binyan (Qal, Hiphil). The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7311 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 184
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 184 distinct verses.
- 23 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 23 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #243
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 243 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 184 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 184 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 79 verses · 43%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 60 verses · 33%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 45 verses · 24%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 4 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: High 10×, Lift up 7×, Ye shall offer 7×
- American Standard Version†: High 9×, Lift up 8×, Ye shall offer 7×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Be exalted 7×, High 7×, Is exalted 6×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: High 10×, Raise 10×, And 8×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7311 across 191† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 94 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 4 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7311 across 191† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 95 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7311 across 185† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 101 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 5 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7311 across 215† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 85 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
38 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses Hophal (the passive of Hiphil) and one or more reduplicated stems (the Pōlēl/Pilpēl type), which for hollow or geminate roots behave much like Piel — often intensive or iterative.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 38 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
רום I be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Ph., Old Aramaic, Palm., all in n.pr.
Qal
- Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְרָם Dt 8:14 +; 3 fs. רָ֫מָה 1 S 2:1 +; וְרָאֲמָה Zc 14:10 v. רָאַם; 3 pl. רָמוּ Pr 30:13 ψ 131:1, רָ֑מּוּ Jb 22:12 (Baer Gi; Ges§ 20 l); Impf. יָרוּם Is 30:18 +, juss. יָרֹם Nu 24:7, וַיָּ֫רָם Ho 13:6 Ez 10:4 [וַיָּרֻם Ex 16:20 v. רמם]; 3 mpl. יְרֻמ֑וּן Is 49:11, etc.; Imv. ms. ר֫וּמָה ψ 21:14 +; Inf. cstr. רוּם Dt 17:20 Ez 10:16, כְּרֻם ψ 12:9 [Bae conj. כֶּרֶם, sf. רוֹמָם Ez 10:17 (Ges§ 72 q); Pt. רָם Is 6:1 +, pl. רָמִים 2:13 +, cstr. רָמֵי 10:33, etc.;— e.g. Deuteronomy 8:14
- 1.
- a. be high, lit. rock (in fig.) ψ 61:3 (מִן comp.); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ Jb 22:12 (of stars), especially pt., = adj., in gen. Is 2:12 (+ גֵּאֶה), of mts. v 14; Dt 12:2, hill Ez 6:13, 20:28; 34:6, throne Is 6:1, trees = tall 2:13 Ez 17:22, cf. (in fig.) Is 10:33 (רָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה); human stature Dt 1:28 (מִן comp.), 2:10, 21; 9:2; רָמִים ψ 78:69 heights (of heaven; ‖ אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhab. of heavens Jb 21:22. e.g. Psalms 61:3
- b. especially of י׳, רָם וְנִשָּׂא Is 57:15, cf. ψ 138:6, + עַל־כַּל־הָעַמִּים 99:2, גּוֹיִם 113:4. e.g. Isaiah 57:15
- 2. be raised, uplifted:
- a. of highway Is 49:11 (made high, put in order); voice, Dt 27:14 (pt. = adj.) uplifted. e.g. Isaiah 49:11
- b. fig.: of hand, symbol of might, Dt 32:27, + עַל pers. Mi 5:8; of Isr. in Exodus בְּיָד רָמָה Ex 14:8; Nu 33:3 (both P); of י׳’s hand Is 26:11 ψ 89:14 (‖ תָּעֹז); fig. of presumption Nu 15:30 (P); זְרוֹעַ רָמָה of might Jb 38:15; of eyes, fig. of arrogance Pr 6:17; 30:13 ψ 131:1 (‖ גָּבַהּ לִבִּי), so 18:28, but ‖ 2 S 22:28 of pers.; of heart, fig. of reckless elation, Ho 13:6; Dt 8:14; Ez 31:10 (בְּגָבְהוֹ, ‖ גָּבַהְתָּ בְּקוֹמָה) Dn 11:12, + מִן pers. Dt 17:20; of horn, fig. of triumph 1 S 2:1 (song), ψ 89:25 (v 18 see Hiph.), 112:9, so head 27:6 (+ עַל pers.), 140:9 (join ירומו to v 10, but read יָרִימוּ Che, cf. Hup-Now). e.g. Deuteronomy 32:27
- c. of pers., be exalted (in fig.), king Nu 24:7 (JE; + מִן comp.; ‖ תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (י׳, i.e. shew his exaltation) Is 30:18; 2 S 22:47 = ψ 18:47, ψ 21:14; 46:11(×2), + עַל־(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם 57:6, 12; 108:6; עֶבֶד י׳ Is 52:13, י׳’s people ψ 89:17; rebellious 66:7 (Qr; Kt Hiph.: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personif.) ψ 12:9; foe 13:3; city Pr 11:11. e.g. Numbers 24:7
- 3. be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַל־הארץ Gn 7:17 (J), so of cherubim Ez 10:16, cf. v 17; כְּבוֹד י׳ v 4 (מֵעַל הַכְּרוּב).—Pr 24:7 v. i. רָאמוֹת p. 910b. e.g. Genesis 7:17
Pōʿlēl
- Pf. 3 fs. sf. רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ Ez 31:4; 1 s. רוֹמַמְתִּי Is 1:2; 23:4; Impf. 3 ms. יְרוֹמֵם Ho 11:7, sf. יְרוֹמְמֵנִי ψ 27:5, וִירוֹמִמְךָ 37:34; 1 s. sf. וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֑נְהוּ Ex 15:2 (Ges§ 58 i), etc. (אֵרוֹמָם v. Hithpōʿl.); Imv. mpl. רוֹמְמוּ ψ 99:5, 9; Inf. cstr. לְרוֹמֵם Ezr 9:9; Pt. מְרוֹמֵם 1 S 2:7, sf. מְרוֹמְמִי ψ 9:14, f. רוֹמֵמָה 118:16 (מ om., Hup-Now Bae; cf. Köi. 454);— e.g. Ezekiel 31:4
- 1.
- a. raise, rear, children Is 1:2; 23:4 (both ‖ גִּדֵּל). e.g. Isaiah 1:2
- b. cause tree to grow, subj. תְּהוֹם Ez 31:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל). e.g. Ezekiel 31:4
- c. rear, erect, temple Ezr 9:9. e.g. Ezra 9:9
- 2. lift up:
- a. in fig., acc. pers., subj. י׳ ψ 27:5 (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן comp. 2 S 22:49 = ψ 18:49, + מִן from 9:14; acc. om. Ho 11:7 (si vera l., cf. We Now). e.g. Psalms 27:5
- b. raise waves of sea, subj. wind, ψ 107:25. e.g. Psalms 107:25
- c. exalt, acc. pers., subj. י׳ Jb 17:4 (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Bu, cf. Di), ψ 37:34 (+ לָרֶשֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ); acc. om. 1 S 2:7 ψ 118:16 (in victory); subj. wisdom, acc. pers. Pr 4:8, cf. צְדָקָה תְּרוֹמֵם־גּוֹי 14:34. e.g. Job 17:4
- 3. exalt, extol, acc. י׳, ψ 30:2, ‖ אוֹדֶה Is 25:1 ψ 118:28, ‖ הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ 99:5, 9, ‖ הִלֵּל 107:32, ‖ בֵּרַךְ 145:1, ‖ אַנְוֵהוּ Ex 15:2; acc. שֵׁם י׳ ψ 34:4 (‖ גִּדֵּל). e.g. Psalms 30:2
Pōʿlal
- Impf. 3 fpl. תְּרוֹמַמְנָה ψ 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (cf. Qal 2 b); Pf. 3 ms. וְרוֹמַם 66:17 and he was extolled (so Ki al.; but v. רוֹמָם infr.); Pt. מְרוֹמַם Ne 9:5 extolled, of י׳’s name (cf. Pōʿlēl 3), + עַל־בְּרָכָה וג׳. e.g. Psalms 75:11
Hiphil
- Pf. 3 ms. הֵרִים 1 K 11:27 +; 2 ms. הֲרִימוֹתָ 2 K 19:22 ψ 89:43, וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ Nu 31:28; 2 mpl. consec. וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם 18:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָרִים Gn 41:44 +, juss. יָרֵם Nu 17:2; 1 S 2:10, וַיָּ֫רֶם Ex 7:20 +, sf. וַיְרִימֶהָ Gn 31:45, etc.; Imv. ms. הָרֵם Ex 14:16; Is 58:1, הָרִימָה ψ 74:3, etc.; Inf. cstr. הָרִים Is 10:15 +, sf. הֲרִימִי Gn 39:18, etc.; Pt. מֵרִים Ex 35:24 +, etc.;— e.g. 1 Kings 11:27
- 1.
- a. (1) raise, lift, c. acc., hand Ex 17:11 (E), Nu 20:11 (P), + אֶל־י׳ (in oath) Gn 14:22 cf. (אֶל־הַשָּׁמַיִם) Dn 12:7, + ב pers. against 1 K 11:26, 27; feet; פְּעָמִים ψ 74:3, i.e. run (+ ל dir.); hand or foot Gn 41:44 (E), i.e. make any movement (hyperb.); head ψ 110:7 (Assyrian ullû rêšu DlHWB 62a), cf. יָרִימוּ 140:9 (so read, v. Qal 2 b); face, אֶל־י׳ Ezr 9:6; hand of another, subj. י׳, fig. of giving strength to, ψ 89:43, so head 3:4; c. acc. of rod Is 10:15; Ex 14:16 (P), הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶּה 7:20 (E); rod subj., c. acc. rei Is 10:15. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֹן, c. מִן loc. 1 S 2:8 ψ 113:7. e.g. Exodus 17:11
- b. lift up voice Gn 39:15, 18 (J; both + קָרָא), Is 40:9(×2) (acc. om.), 58:1; Ezr 3:12; + בִּתְרוּעָה Ez 21:27, בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת 2 Ch 5:13; + ל pers. Is 13:2, לָעָב Jb 38:34, + עָל pers. against 2 K 19:22 = Is 37:23; הֵרִים בְּקוֹל 1 Ch 15:16. e.g. Genesis 39:15
- c. (take into one’s hand and) lift, take up, stone Jos 4:5 (JE; עַל־שִׁכְמוֹ), leg (of sacrif. meal) 1 S 9:24, mantle 2 K 2:13, axe 67 (acc. om.), yoke Ho 11:4 (עַל־לְחֵיהֶם), censers Nu 17:2 (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes Lv 6:3. e.g. Joshua 4:5
- d. set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה Gn 31:45 (E); standard, + אֶל of people Is 49:22, עַל 62:10. e.g. Genesis 31:45
- e. set on high, throne, מִמַּעַל לְכוֹכְבֵי אֵל Is 14:13; nest (subj. נֶשֶׁר) Jb 39:27. e.g. Isaiah 14:13
- f. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers., subj. י׳ 1 K 14:7; 16:2 ψ 89:20 (all c. מִן), ψ 75:8 (opp. יַשְׁפִּיל); subj. קָלוֹן Pr 3:35, cf. 14:29; c. acc. קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (cf. Qal 2 b) 1 S 2:10; La 2:17 (לַמָּרוֹם), ψ 89:18 (Kt; Qr Qal), 92:11; 148:14 ψ 75:5, 6; but 1 Ch 25:5 sound the horn; inf. = exaltation ψ 75:7; 66:7 v. Qal 2 c. e.g. 1 Kings 14:7
- 2. lift up and take away, remove, c. acc. הָעֲטָרָה Ez 21:31; acc. rei + מִן loc. Is 57:14, Lv 2:9; 4:8, 19; 6:8 Nu 18:30, 32; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Ez 45:9 (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד Dn 8:11 (Kt; Qr Hoph.); = set apart, מֶכֶס Nu 31:28 (מִן pers.). e.g. Ezekiel 21:31
- 3. lift off and present, contribute, offer:
- a. to י׳, c. acc. cogn. תְּרוּמָה, Ez 45:13; 48:8, 20; Nu 15:20(×2) (P), Ex 35:24 (P); + לי׳ Ez 45:1; 48:9; Nu 15:19; 18:19, 24; 31:52; תְּרוּמַת י׳ 18:26 (+ מִן rei), v 28, 29 (all P); ת׳ בֵּית־א׳ Ezr 8:25. e.g. Ezekiel 45:13
- b. c. acc. rei, + לְי׳ Lv 22:15. e.g. Leviticus 22:15
- c. contribute, acc. rei, ל pers. (for sacrif.), 2 Ch 30:24(×2;) 35:7, 8 (acc. om.), v 9. e.g. 2 Chronicles 30:24
Hophal
- Pf. 3 ms. הוּרָ֑ם Ex 29:27, הֻרַם Dn 8:11 Qr (Kt Hiph.); Impf. 3 ms. יוּרָם Lv 4:10;—be taken off from (מִן) Lv 4:10 (P), cf. Ex 29:27 (P; ‖ הוּנַף); be abolished Dn 8:11 Qr (cf. Hiph. 2); Bev (after 𝔊) ins. Pt. מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד v 13. e.g. Exodus 29:27
Hithpōʿl
- Impf. 3 ms. וַיִתְרוֹמֵם וַיִתְגַּדֵּל עַל־כָּל־אֵל Dn 11:36 and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1 s. (ת assim.) אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Is 33:10 (Ges§ 54c Köi. 454) I will raise myself (+ אָקוּם, אֶנָּשֵׂא). e.g. Daniel 11:36
רום II [m.] height, haughtiness (proposes inf.)
- 1. height, loftiness, שָׁמַיִם לָר׳ וָאָרֶץ לָעֹמֶק Pr 25:3; cstr. רוּם עֵינַיִם fig. of haughtiness Is 10:12 (‖ גֹּדֶל לֵבָב), Pr 21:4 (‖ רְחַב־לֵב); so רֻם לִבּוֹ Je 48:29 (‖ גַּאֲוָה, גָּאוֹן, גֹּבַתּ); then alone: e.g. Proverbs 25:3
- 2. haughtiness, רוּם אֲנָשִׁים Is 2:11, 17 (both ‖ גַּבְהוּת). e.g. Isaiah 2:11
רום III
- 1.
- a. an ancestor of David, Ru 4:19(×2), brother of Jerachmeel 1 Ch 2:9, 10. e.g. Ruth 4:19
- b. son of J. 1 Ch 2:25, 27.—Αρραν, Ραμ, etc. e.g. 1 Chronicles 2:25
- 2. name of Elihu’s family, Jb 32:2 (Ραμ[α], Αραμ), dub., cf. Bu. e.g. Job 32:2
רום IV denom. be wormy
Qal
- Impf. 3 ms. (c. acc. result, Ges§ 121 d N) וַיָּ֫רֻם תּוֹלָעִים Ex 16:20 (Ges§ 67 n; + וַיִּבְאַשׁ). e.g. Exodus 16:20
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. vb. be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Ph., Old Aramaic, Palm., all in n.pr.; Sab. in רים epith. dei et regis Fell ZMG liv (1900), 25f. also in n.pr. Mordtm ib. xxx (1876), 36 SabDenkm No. 14, 1. 1; Arabic رام be high, dial. of Oman (JayakarJA xxi. 813, 875) and Zanzibar (PräZMG xxxiv (1880), 218); Ethiopic in deriv.; Aramaic רָם ܪܘܡ (very often in der. spec. and deriv.));—
II. n.[m.] height, haughtiness (proposes inf.);—abs. ר׳,
I. vb. denom. be wormy;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
רוּם
- (b. h.) [to swing,] to be high, lifted up; to rise. Ab. Zar. 24ᵇ רוֹמִי רומי השיטה Ar. (ed. רוני) rise, rise, acacia (holy ark)!; Gen. R. s. 54 רומי השטה.
- 1. to lift up, raise. Cant. R. to III, 4 (ref. to Ps. LXXV, 8) ישפיל … ויָרִים לכרש וכ׳ he shall lower Belshazzar, and lift up Cyrus and Darius; Yalk. Ps. 812 אני הוא משפיל ומֵרִים I lower and raise; מלכות … מרים he lays low one empire and raises another empire &c.; a. e. e.g. Psalms 75:8
- 2. to take off, remove. Ruth R. to I, 17 (ref. to Ez. XXI, 31) הסר … והָרִים העטרה וכ׳ remove the bonnet from our teachers, and take the crown off the nations; a. e. e.g. Ezekiel 21:31
- to be taken off, esp. to be separated as an offering, priest’s share &c.; to be consecrated. Ḥall. II, 8 שלא הוּרְמָה חלתה (not הורם), v. חַלָּה. Sifré Num. 110 (ref. to Num. IV, 20) את שמוּרָם קודש וכ׳ that which is separated is to be sacred, and the remainder secular, but (no Ḥallah is to be taken,) when both would be sacred. Zeb. V, 6 המורם מהם וכ׳ the same rules apply to what is taken off them for the priest; a. fr. e.g. Numbers 4:20
- to lift up, elevate. Tanḥ. Matt. 6; Num. R. s. 22, end (ref. to Num. XXXI, 9 and XXXII, 1) הא שהשפיל … ור׳ וכ׳ here you see that the Lord lowered the Midianites, and raised the Israelites. Ib. (ref. to I Sam. II, 7) אף … מְרוֹמֵם את זה in the anger which he brings to bear on one, he raises the other. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Ps. LXXV, 8) משפיל לכל … ומרומם וכ׳ he lowered every one that had part in the worship of the golden calf, and elevated every one that had no part &c. Ib. ועכשיו … אף כך רוֹמֵם ראשם and now that thou hast lifted up my head, lift thou up their head likewise; לך ר׳ ראשם go and lift up their heads (announce to them the divine pardon). Ib. (ref. to Ex. XXX, 12) כל מה שאתה יכול לרוֹמֵם … רוֹמְמָהּ שבאילו לי אתה מְרוֹמֵם (not רומם) in whatever way thou canst elevate that nation elevate it, for by this thou elevatest me. Ex. R. s. 25 ורִימְּמָן הקב"ה וכ׳ (fr. רָמַם) and the Lord raised them above all; a. fr. e.g. Numbers 31:9
- , Nithpol. נִתְרוֹמֵם to be lifted up; to pride one’s self. Y. Ber. IX, 14ᵃ top יתגדל … ויתברך ויִתְרוֹמַם שמך וכ׳ thy Name be magnified … and blessed and lifted up (praised) for &c.; Y. Taan. I, 64ᵃ top; Gen. R. s. 13. Meg. 17ᵇ כיון … מִתְרוֹמֶמֶת קרן וכ׳ when the transgressors cease to exist, the horn of the righteous will be uplifted. Num. R. s. 22; Tanḥ. Matt. 6, a. e. אין אדם מִתְרוֹמֵם, v. רוֹמֵמוּת. Tanḥ. Mick. 3 ונִתְרוֹמְמוּ and they were raised (to power); a. e.—[Yalk. Gen. 79 מתרוממות, read: מְתַמְּרִין, v. תָּמַר.]
רוּם ²
- , to be high. Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 14. Targ. O. Deut. VIII, 14 וִירַם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. וִירִים, וְרִים); a. fr.—2) to lift; to remove. Targ. Ps. LXXXIX, 18 תְּרִים.—Y. Bets. I, 60ᶜ bot. ורִימוּנָהּ and they lifted it. Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ bot. כיון דרִימֵיה when he had removed it. Y. Ab. Zar. IV, 43ᵈ מן דרִימוֹן when he had removed them (the stones); a. e.
- 1. to swing; to wave an offering; to uplift. Targ. Ex. VII, 20. Targ. O. ib. XVII, 11 מַרִים ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. יְרִים). Targ. Is. XXX, 28 (h. text להנפה). Targ. Lev. XXIII, 11 (h. text והניף); a. fr.—Part. pass. מְרִים; f. pl. מְרִימָן. Targ. Is. III, 16 (h. text נטויות).
- 2. to lift take off, remove. Lam. R. to V, 5 אֲרִימוּן ראשיה מיניה cut his head off. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. בחייך דאת מֵרִים אילין וכ׳ by thy life! thou must remove these stones; a. e.
- 1. to be uplifted, rise. Targ. Gen. VII, 17; a. e.
- 2. to be swung, waved (as an offering). Targ. Ex. XXIX, 27 (h. text הונף); a. e.
- 3. to be taken off, removed. Lam. R. to V, 16 והא ניחא ליה דאיתרים רישיה וכ׳ it would have been better for him that his head be cut off rather than do this; Koh. R. to X, 5 נייח הוה דיִיתְּרִים וכ׳; Y. Sot. IX, 24ᵇ sq. נייח ליה אילו איתרים וכ׳.
- to elevate, extol. Targ. Ps. XXXVII, 34. Ib. CXLV, 1. Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 3; a. e.—Part. pass. מְרוֹמַם. Targ. Ps. XVIII, 47 (not מרומֵם); Targ. II Sam. XXII, 47; a. e.—V. מְרָמַם.
- to be lifted up; to be extolled. Targ. Ps. CVII, 25. Ib. LXXV, 11. Ib. CVIII, 6; a. e.—Y. Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55ᶜ את מִתְרוֹמְמָא, v. הֲדָרָא.
- , contr. רוֹרֵם, רָרֵם to elevate. Targ. Ps. IX, 14 מְרוֹרֵם Ms. (ed. מְרוֹמֵם). Ib. XXVII, 5. Targ. Prov. XVII, 19 מְרָרֵים Ms. (ed. מרים, מורים). Ib. XIV, 34.
- , contr. אִתְרוֹרַם, אִתְרָרַם
- 1. to be elevated, rise. Targ. Ps. LVII, 6; 12. Targ. Prov. XI, 11; a. e.
- 2. to be haughty, proud. Ib. XVIII, 12.—Apocopated form: אִתְרַמַּר. Ib. VI, 30 לא למִתְרַמָרוּ וכ׳ ed. (h. text יבוזו) let them not look haughtily down on the thief &c.; v. דְּמַר.
רוּם II
- preced.) height. Ber. 6ᵇ (ref. to כרם זלות, Ps. XII, 9) אלו דברים … ברוֹמוֹ וכ׳ this means the things which stand on the height of the world (sublime things like prayer &c.) and which men treat lightly. Meg. 14ᵃ בני אדם שעומדין ברומו וכ׳ men that stood very high. Midd. II, 3; III, 6 ר׳ מעלה וכ׳ the height of each step was &c. Sifré Deut. 199 גדול השלום שדרי ר׳ וכ׳ peace is something great, for the dwellers on high (angels) need peace; Yalk. ib. 923; a. e. e.g. Psalms 12:9
רוּם ³
- 1. height. Targ. Y. Deut. XI, 18 על ר׳ ידכון on the highest point of your arm (v. גּוֹבַהּ). Targ. Is. XIV, 12, sq. Targ. O. Num. XXIII, 22; a. fr.—Y. Snh. X, 29ᵃ הוה ארונא … לר׳ וכ׳ the ark carried the priests high up and cast them down to the ground. B. Bath. IV, 2; ib. 61ᵃ, v. עוּמְקָא I. Lam. R. to IV, 15 ברוּמְהוֹן (some ed. ברוֹמֵיהֶן, pl.) of their high stature, v. שׁוּף I ch.; Lev. R. s. 16 ברומחין (corr. acc.); a. e.—Pl. רוֹמִין, רוֹמֵי. Sot. 48ᵇ, v. שׁוּט I ch.—V. מְרוֹמָא I.
- 2. haughtiness. Targ. Ps. LXXIII, 8.—V. רָמוּתָא.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 155 distinct written forms H7311 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 95 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7311, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
- מרום mârôwm H4791 height
- רום rûwm H7312 haughtiness
- רום rûwm H7313 to rise
- רום rôwm H7315 on high
- רמה râmâh H7413 high place
- רמות râmûwth H7419 height
- תרומה tᵉrûwmâh H8641 offering
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
- ירימות Yᵉrîymôwth H3406 Jerimoth
- ירמות Yarmûwth H3412 Jarmuth
- ירמי Yᵉrêmay H3413 Jeremai
- ירמיה Yirmᵉyâh H3414 Jeremiah
- מרמות Mᵉrêmôwth H4822 Meremoth
- רומה Rûwmâh H7316 height
- רוממתי עזר Rôwmamtîy ʻEzer H7320 Romamti-ezer
- רם Râm H7410 Ram
- רמיה Ramyâh H7422 Ramiah
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 17 — not the complete family. 9 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 169 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 184 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 7:17
- Exodus 7:20
- Leviticus 2:9
- Numbers 15:19
- Deuteronomy 1:28
- Joshua 4:5
- 1 Samuel 2:1
- 2 Samuel 22:28
- 1 Kings 11:26
- 2 Kings 2:13
- 1 Chronicles 15:16
- 2 Chronicles 5:13
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
