Ruth 4:19

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Hezron became the father of Ram, and Ram became the father of Amminadab,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible
Septuagint runs shorter here — compare

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Word by word

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רָ֔ם

Râm

H7410

“Ram”

Noun, Proper

Appears 7× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: act part of H7311

TWOT: None

Ram = "high" or " exalted" - a Judaite, son of Hezron, father of Amminadab, and ancestor of David - a Judaite, son of Jerahmeel - a kindred of Elihu, the friend of Job

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8: words
5: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is רָ֔ם Ram H7410 — appearing just 7 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

רָ֔ם Ram H7410

Shared distinctive vocabulary

רָ֔ם Ram H7410 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
4 nouns
2 particles

Verb forms

הוֹלִ֣יד Hiphil · Perfect
הוֹלִ֥יד Hiphil · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

הוֹלִ֣יד to bear H3205 ×2
רָ֔ם Ram H7410 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 14 words from the Hebrew and 7 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 10 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Ruth 4:19 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

1 Chronicles 2:9–10 The sons also of Hezron, who were born to him: Jerahmeel, and Ram, and Chelubai.
Matthew 1:4 Ram became the father of Amminadab. Amminadab became the father of Nahshon. Nahshon became the father of Salmon.
Luke 3:33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Aram, the son of Joram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 7 words vs World English Bible 14. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Ruth 4:19 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְחֶצְרוֹן֙ הוֹלִ֣יד אֶת רָ֔ם וְרָ֖ם הוֹלִ֥יד אֶת עַמִּֽינָדָֽב

and Hezron became the father of Ram, and Ram became the father of Amminadab,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Ruth 4:19 Septuagint · lemma form

εσρων δέ γεννάω ὁ αρραν καί αρραν γεννάω ὁ αμιναδαβ

Esrom begot Aram; and Aram begot Aminadab.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Adam Clarke's Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on Ruth 4:19 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Rth 4:19 And Hezron begat Ram, and Ram begat Amminadab,

Ver. 19. Hezron.] Who went down with Jacob into Egypt. His firstborn, Jerahmeel, {1Ch 2:9} is passed by in this catalogue.

Ram begat Amminadab.] Whose daughter Elishebah became wife to Aaron.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 19. Hezron begat Ram] He is called Aram here by the Septuagint, and also by St. Matthew, Mt 1:3.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(19) Ram.—See 1Ch_2:9; St. Mat_1:3. Amminadab.—It was to his daughter Elisheba that Aaron was married. (Exo_6:23).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

19. Hezron begat Ram] The genealogy occurs with fuller details in 1Ch_2:4-15; according to ib. 1Ch_2:25; 1Ch_2:27 Ram is the son of Jerahmeel and grandson of Hezron. In ib. Rth_4:1 Hezron like Perez is a son of Judah.

Amminadab] i.e. my kinsman, or paternal uncle (ammi), is generous, a proper name of an ancient type; see Gray, Hebr. Prop. Names, p. 44.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Hezron begat Ram,.... Called Aram by the Septuagint, and so in Mat 1:3,

and Ram begat Amminadab; in whose name there is no variation, neither in the book of Chronicles nor in the Evangelists; both these, as well as the next, were born in Egypt.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Aram. He is called Ram in Hebrew and 1 Paralipomenon ii. 9.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

19. Ram — Or Aram, as in Mat_1:3.

Amminadab — He was father in law of Aaron. Exo_6:23.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Ruth, in the Historical, opens this verse with 8 words (5 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Râm (“Ram”). The Greek Septuagint runs shorter here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Ram” (Râm) shape what this verse is saying?
This is the first place “Ram” appears in Scripture (first appears here). What does its debut here establish?
How does 1 Chronicles 2:9, which shares the word «Ram», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “to bear” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
The Septuagint runs shorter here than the Hebrew. What might account for the difference?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
«הוֹלִ֣יד» is a Hiphil Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 8 Hebrew ↔ 10 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 4 words in this verse.
“to bear” occurs 2× in this single verse.
5 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 8 words in this verse.