אַף
nose
also: nostril, face fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Construct-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Particle
- A short function word — article, negation, interrogative, the sign of the direct object, and the like.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Dual
- Exactly two — for natural pairs and some measures of time.
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 145 times (53%)
- Particle, Accusative 60 times (22%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 29 times (11%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Dual, Absolute 28 times (10%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Dual, Construct 14 times (5%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 276 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Page 2 of 2 — showing verses 201–269 of 269 distinct verses where H639 appears, across 32 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Jeremiah 24 verses
- Jeremiah 4:8 אַף ptcl acc For this gird you with sackcloth, lament and wail; for the fierce anger of Yahweh hasn't turned back from us.
- Jeremiah 4:26 אַפּֽ/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms I saw, and, behold, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the cities of it were broken down at the presence of Yahweh, [and] before his fierce anger.
- Jeremiah 7:20 אַפִּ֤/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: Behold, my anger and my wrath shall be poured out on this place, on man, and on animal, and on the trees of the field, and on the fruit of the ground; and it shall burn, and shall not be quenched.
- Jeremiah 10:24 בְּ/אַפְּ/ךָ֖ prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Yahweh, correct me, but in measure: not in your anger, lest you bring me to nothing.
- Jeremiah 12:13 אַף ptcl acc They have sown wheat, and have reaped thorns; they have put themselves to pain, and profit nothing: and you shall be ashamed of your fruits, because of the fierce anger of Yahweh.
- Jeremiah 15:14 בְ/אַפִּ֖/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs I will make [them] to pass with your enemies into a land which you don't know; for a fire is kindled in my anger, which shall burn on you.
- Jeremiah 15:15 אַפְּ/ךָ֖ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Yahweh, you know; remember me, and visit me, and avenge me of my persecutors; don't take me away in your longsuffering: know that for your sake I have suffered reproach.
- Jeremiah 17:4 בְּ/אַפִּ֖/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs You, even of yourself, shall discontinue from your heritage that I gave you; and I will cause you to serve your enemies in the land which you don't know: for you have kindled a fire in my anger which shall burn forever.
- Jeremiah 18:23 אַפְּ/ךָ֖ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Yet, Yahweh, you know all their counsel against me to kill me; don't forgive their iniquity, neither blot out their sin from your sight; but let them be overthrown before you; deal you with them in the time of your anger.
- Jeremiah 21:5 וּ/בְ/אַ֥ף conj + prep + n c ms I myself will fight against you with an outstretched hand and with a strong arm, even in anger, and in wrath, and in great indignation.
- Jeremiah 23:20 אַף ptcl acc The anger of Yahweh shall not return, until he has executed, and until he have performed the intents of his heart: in the latter days you shall understand it perfectly.
- Jeremiah 25:37 אַף ptcl acc The peaceable folds are brought to silence because of the fierce anger of Yahweh.
- Jeremiah 25:38 אַפּֽ/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms He has left his covert, as the lion; for their land is become an astonishment because of the fierceness of the oppressing [sword], and because of his fierce anger.
- Jeremiah 30:24 אַף ptcl acc The fierce anger of Yahweh shall not return, until he has executed, and until he have performed the intents of his heart: in the latter days you shall understand it.
- Jeremiah 32:31 אַפִּ֣/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs For this city has been to me a provocation of my anger and of my wrath from the day that they built it even to this day; that I should remove it from before my face,
- Jeremiah 32:37 בְּ/אַפִּ֥/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Behold, I will gather them out of all the countries, where I have driven them in my anger, and in my wrath, and in great indignation; and I will bring them again to this place, and I will cause them to dwell safely:
- Jeremiah 33:5 בְ/אַפִּ֖/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs while [men] come to fight with the Chaldeans, and to fill them with the dead bodies of men, whom I have killed in my anger and in my wrath, and for all whose wickedness I have hid my face from this city:
- Jeremiah 36:7 הָ/אַף֙ ptcl def.art + n c ms It may be they will present their supplication before Yahweh, and will return everyone from his evil way; for great is the anger and the wrath that Yahweh has pronounced against this people.
- Jeremiah 42:18 אַפִּ֜/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs For thus says Yahweh of Hosts, the God of Israel: As my anger and my wrath has been poured forth on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so shall my wrath be poured forth on you, when you shall enter into Egypt; and you shall be an object of horror, and an astonishment, and a curse, and a reproach; and you shall see this place no more.
- Jeremiah 44:6 וְ/אַפִּ֔/י conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore my wrath and my anger was poured forth, and was kindled in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem; and they are wasted and desolate, as it is this day.
- Jeremiah 49:37 אַפִּ֖/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before those who seek their life; and I will bring evil on them, even my fierce anger, says Yahweh; and I will send the sword after them, until I have consumed them;
- Jeremiah 51:45 אַף ptcl acc My people, go you out of the midst of her, and save yourselves every man from the fierce anger of Yahweh.
- Jeremiah 52:3 אַ֣ף ptcl acc For through the anger of Yahweh did it happen in Jerusalem and Judah, until he had cast them out from his presence. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
Lamentations 10 verses
- Lamentations 1:12 אַפּֽ/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by? Look, and see if there be any sorrow like my sorrow, which is brought on me, With which Yahweh has afflicted [me] in the day of his fierce anger.
- Lamentations 2:1 בְּ/אַפּ֤/וֹ אַפּֽ/וֹ prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms How has the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud in his anger! He has cast down from heaven to the earth the beauty of Israel, And hasn't remembered his footstool in the day of his anger.
- Lamentations 2:3 אַ֗ף ptcl acc He has cut off in fierce anger all the horn of Israel; He has drawn back his right hand from before the enemy: He has burned up Jacob like a flaming fire, which devours round about.
- Lamentations 2:6 אַפּ֖/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms He has violently taken away his tent, as if it were of a garden; he has destroyed his place of assembly: Yahweh has caused solemn assembly and Sabbath to be forgotten in Zion, Has despised in the indignation of his anger the king and the priest.
- Lamentations 2:21 אַפֶּ֔/ךָ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms The youth and the old man lie on the ground in the streets; My virgins and my young men are fallen by the sword: You have killed them in the day of your anger; you have slaughtered, [and] not pitied.
- Lamentations 2:22 אַף ptcl acc You have called, as in the day of a solemn assembly, my terrors on every side; There was none that escaped or remained in the day of Yahweh's anger: Those that I have dandled and brought up has my enemy consumed.
- Lamentations 3:43 בָ/אַף֙ prep + n c ms You have covered with anger and pursued us; you have killed, you have not pitied.
- Lamentations 3:66 בְּ/אַף֙ prep + n c ms You will pursue them in anger, and destroy them from under the heavens of Yahweh.
- Lamentations 4:11 אַפּ֑/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Yahweh has accomplished his wrath, he has poured out his fierce anger; He has kindled a fire in Zion, which has devoured the foundations of it.
- Lamentations 4:20 אַפֵּ֨י/נוּ֙ n c md cs + sfx pers 1cp The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of Yahweh, was taken in their pits; Of whom we said, Under his shadow we shall live among the nations.
Ezekiel 15 verses
- Ezekiel 5:13 אַפִּ֗/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Thus shall my anger be accomplished, and I will cause my wrath toward them to rest, and I shall be comforted; and they shall know that I, Yahweh, have spoken in my zeal, when I have accomplished my wrath on them.
- Ezekiel 5:15 בְּ/אַ֤ף prep + n c ms So it shall be a reproach and a taunt, an instruction and an astonishment, to the nations that are round about you, when I shall execute judgments on you in anger and in wrath, and in wrathful rebukes; (I, Yahweh, have spoken it;)
- Ezekiel 7:3 אַפִּ/י֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Now is the end on you, and I will send my anger on you, and will judge you according to your ways; and I will bring on you all your abominations.
- Ezekiel 7:8 אַפִּ/י֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Now will I shortly pour out my wrath on you, and accomplish my anger against you, and will judge you according to your ways; and I will bring on you all your abominations.
- Ezekiel 8:17 אַפָּֽ/ם n c ms cs + sfx pers 3mp Then he said to me, Have you seen [this], son of man? Is it a light thing to the house of Judah that they commit the abominations which they commit here? for they have filled the land with violence, and have turned again to provoke me to anger: and, behold, they put the branch to their nose.
- Ezekiel 13:13 בְּ/אַפִּ֣/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: I will even tear it with a stormy wind in my wrath; and there shall be an overflowing shower in my anger, and great hailstones in wrath to consume it.
- Ezekiel 16:12 אַפֵּ֔/ךְ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2fs I put a ring on your nose, and ear-rings in your ears, and a beautiful crown on your head.
- Ezekiel 20:8 אַפִּ/י֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs But they rebelled against me, and would not listen to me; they did not every man cast away the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Egypt.
- Ezekiel 20:21 אַפִּ֛/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs But the children rebelled against me; they didn't walk in my statutes, neither kept my ordinances to do them, which if a man do, he shall live in them; they profaned my Sabbaths. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them, to accomplish my anger against them in the wilderness.
- Ezekiel 22:20 בְּ/אַפִּ֣/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs As they gather silver and brass and iron and lead and tin into the midst of the furnace, to blow the fire on it, to melt it; so will I gather you in my anger and in my wrath, and I will lay you there, and melt you.
- Ezekiel 23:25 אַפֵּ֤/ךְ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2fs I will set my jealousy against you, and they shall deal with you in fury; they shall take away your nose and your ears; and your residue shall fall by the sword: they shall take your sons and your daughters; and your residue shall be devoured by the fire.
- Ezekiel 25:14 כְּ/אַפִּ֖/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs I will lay my vengeance on Edom by the hand of my people Israel; and they shall do in Edom according to my anger and according to my wrath; and they shall know my vengeance, says the Lord Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 35:11 כְּ/אַפְּ/ךָ֙ prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms therefore, as I live, says the Lord Yahweh, I will do according to your anger, and according to your envy which you have shown out of your hatred against them; and I will make myself known among them, when I shall judge you.
- Ezekiel 38:18 בְּ/אַפִּֽ/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs It shall happen in that day, when Gog shall come against the land of Israel, says the Lord Yahweh, that my wrath shall come up into my nostrils.
- Ezekiel 43:8 בְּ/אַפִּֽ/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs in their setting of their threshold by my threshold, and their door-post beside my door-post, and there was [but] the wall between me and them; and they have defiled my holy name by their abominations which they have committed: therefore I have consumed them in my anger.
Daniel 2 verses
- Daniel 9:16 אַפְּ/ךָ֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Lord, according to all your righteousness, let your anger and please let your wrath be turned away from your city Jerusalem, your holy mountain; because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people are become a reproach to all who are round about us.
- Daniel 11:20 בְ/אַפַּ֖יִם prep + n c md Then shall stand up in his place one who shall cause a tax collector to pass through the kingdom to maintain its glory; but within few days he shall be destroyed, neither in anger, nor in battle.
Hosea 4 verses
- Hosea 8:5 אַפִּ֖/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Let Samaria throw out his calf-idol! My anger burns against them! How long will it be before the are capable of purity?
- Hosea 11:9 אַפִּ֔/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs I will not execute the fierceness of my anger. I will not return to destroy Ephraim: For I am God, and not man; the Holy One in the midst of you; And I will not come in wrath.
- Hosea 13:11 בְּ/אַפִּ֔/י prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs I have given you a king in my anger, And have taken him away in my wrath.
- Hosea 14:4 אַפִּ֖/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs "I will heal their waywardness. I will love them freely; For my anger is turned away from him.
Joel 1 verse
Amos 2 verses
- Amos 1:11 אַפּ֔/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Thus says Yahweh: "For three transgressions of Edom, yes, for four, I will not turn away its punishment; Because he pursued his brother with the sword, And cast off all pity, And his anger raged continually, And he kept his wrath forever;
- Amos 4:10 וּֽ/בְ/אַפְּ/כֶ֔ם conj + prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2mp I sent plagues among you like I did Egypt. I have slain your young men with the sword, And have carried away your horses; And I filled your nostrils with the stench of your camp Yet you haven't returned to me," says Yahweh.
Jonah 2 verses
- Jonah 3:9 אַפּ֖/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Who knows whether God will not turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce anger, so that we might not perish?"
- Jonah 4:2 אַפַּ֨יִם֙ n c md He prayed to Yahweh, and said, "Please, Yahweh, wasn't this what I said when I was still in my own country? Therefore I hurried to flee to Tarshish, for I knew that you are a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and you repent of the evil.
Micah 2 verses
- Micah 5:15 בְּ/אַ֧ף prep + n c ms I will execute vengeance in anger, And wrath on the nations that didn't listen."
- Micah 7:18 אַפּ֔/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Who is a God like you, who pardons iniquity, And passes over the disobedience of the remnant of his heritage? He doesn't retain his anger forever, Because he delights in loving kindness.
Nahum 2 verses
- Nahum 1:3 אַפַּ֨יִם֙ n c md Yahweh is slow to anger, and great in power, and will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. Yahweh has his way in the whirlwind and in the storm, and the clouds are the dust of his feet.
- Nahum 1:6 אַפּ֑/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Who can stand before his indignation? Who can endure the fierceness of his anger? His wrath is poured out like fire, and the rocks are broken apart by him.
Habakkuk 2 verses
- Habakkuk 3:8 אַפֶּ֔/ךָ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Was Yahweh displeased with the rivers? Was your anger against the rivers, Or your wrath against the sea, That you rode on your horses, On your chariots of salvation?
- Habakkuk 3:12 בְּ/אַ֖ף prep + n c ms You marched through the land in wrath. You threshed the nations in anger.
Zephaniah 3 verses
- Zephaniah 2:2 אַף אַף ptcl acc ptcl acc before the appointed time when the day passes as the chaff, before the fierce anger of Yahweh comes on you, before the day of Yahweh's anger comes on you.
- Zephaniah 2:3 אַף ptcl acc Seek Yahweh, all you humble of the land, who have kept his ordinances. Seek righteousness. Seek humility. It may be that you will be hidden in the day of Yahweh's anger.
- Zephaniah 3:8 אַפִּ֔/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs "Therefore wait for me," says Yahweh, "until the day that I rise up to the prey, for my determination is to gather the nations, that I may assemble the kingdoms, to pour on them my indignation, even all my fierce anger, for all the earth will be devoured with the fire of my jealousy.
Zechariah 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“nose” is the headline sense of the Hebrew noun אף (ʼaph). Where the King James Version says “anger,” newer translations reach for “nose” (unfoldingWord Literal Text); the renderings breakdown has the detail. It appears 269 verses across 32 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its common vocabulary. First canonically at Genesis 2:7, it enters the text early. Beyond “nose” it also covers “nostril” and “face” — see its full sense range. See the sense tree, 269-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H639 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 269
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 269 distinct verses.
- 32 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 32 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #179
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 179 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 269 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 269 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 119 verses · 44%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 99 verses · 37%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 51 verses · 19%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 3 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Anger 139×, Wrath 35×, Face 13×
- American Standard Version†: Anger 120×, Wrath 23×, 's anger 13×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Anger 159×, Facedown 14×, Nostrils 11×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Nose 145×, Nose of 41×, Nostrils 29×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H639 across 273† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 49 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H639 across 271† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 65 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H639 across 243† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 31 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 33 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H639 across 278† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 23 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 5 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
אף I
- 1. nostril, as organ of breathing Gn 2:7; 7:22; Jb 27:3 cf. Nu 11:20; 2 S 22:9 = ψ 18:9 cf. Is 65:5; Is 2:22; La 4:20; Ez 38:18 (del. Co) Am 4:10; רוּחַ אַפֶּיךָ (of י׳) i.e. wind Ex 15:8; cf. נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ אַפּוֹ 2 S 22:16 = ψ 18:16 (vid. also sub 3); nose sg. Ct 7:5, 9; Ez 8:17; 23:25; Pr 30:33 (where play upon diff. meaning of אַף & אַפַּיִם): (a) as organ of smelling Dt 33:10 ψ 115:6; (b) as place of ring for ornament Gn 24:47; Is 3:21 Ez 16:12; (c) as place of ring or hook for captive 2 K 19:28 = Is 37:29; for beasts, e.g. swine Pr 11:22; hippopot. Jb 40:24; crocod. v 26. e.g. Genesis 2:7
- 2. Du face (especially in phrase אַפַּיִם אַרְצָה) Gn 19:1; 42:6; 48:12 Nu 22:31; 1 S 20:41; 24:9; 25:41; 28:14; 2 S 14:4, 33; 18:28; 24:20; 1 K 1:23, 31; Is 49:23; 1 Ch 21:21; 2 Ch 7:3; 20:18; Ne 8:6 also Gn 3:19; גֹּבַהּ אַפּוֹ pride of his countenance ψ 10:4; לְאַפֵּי before, loc. sense (cf. לִפְנֵי) 1 S 25:23; אַפָּ֑יִם 1 S 1:5 read אֶפֶס 𝔊 We Dr (q.v.) e.g. Genesis 19:1
- 3. mostly anger, human Gn 27:45; 49:6, 7 + (45 times); oftener divine Ex 32:12; Dt 9:19; 2 K 24:20 + (177 times); often subj. חָרָה (וַיִּ֫חַר etc.) his anger was kindled Gn 30:2; 39:19; Ex 4:14; 22:23; 32:10, 11 +; in various combinations, especially חֲרוֹן אַף fierceness of anger Ex 32:12; Nu 25:4; 32:14 +; cf. חֳרִי־אַף 1 S 20:34; בַּעַל־אַף Pr 22:24 given to anger; אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם slow to anger Ex 34:6; Nu 14:18; Ne 9:17 + 7 times of God; Pr 14:29; 15:18; 16:32 of man; אֹרֶךְ א׳ 25:15. e.g. Genesis 27:45
אף II conj. denoting addition, especially of something greater, also, yea (so Ph. Aramaic ܐܳܦ, אַף, אוֹף
- 1. very rare in plain prose (in which גַּם is more usual): Gn 40:16 (with pron., as rather often) I also in my dream, Nu 16:14 Dt 2:11, 20 2 S 20:14 (v. Dr) 2 K 2:14 Est 5:12; more freq. in poetry, especially as introducing emphatically a new thought Dt 33:3, 20, 28 1 S 2:7 ψ 16:6, 7, 9; 18:49; 65:14 they shout for joy, yea, they sing! 68:9, 17; 74:16; 89:28; 93:1 Pr 22:19; 23:28 +; or in more elevated prose style, Lv 26:16, 24, 28, 41; and 25 times in the impassioned rhetoric of Is 2 (40:24–48:15), e.q. 40:24; 41:10, 26; 42:13; 43:7, 19; 46:11 yea, I have spoken, I will also bring it to pass; I have purposed, I will also do it! 48:12, 15. Implying something surprising or unexpected, even, indeed Jb 14:3; 15:4. וְאַף and also Lv 26:39, 40, 42, 44 Dt 15:17 Hb 2:15 ψ 68:19 1 Ch 8:32 = 9:38 2 Ch 12:5 Ne 2:18; 13:15; and even Jb 19:4 וְאַף־אָמְנָם שָׁגִיתִי and even indeed (if) I have erred … With הֲ, הַאַף indeed …? really …? †Gn 18:13, 23 wilt thou indeed sweep away the righteous with the wicked? v 24 Am 2:11 Jb 34:17; 40:8. In contrast to a preceding thought (expressed or implied) but, nay ψ 44:10; 58:3; cf. Ju 5:29. e.g. Genesis 40:16
- 2. (Equally in prose and poetry) with ref. to a preceding sentence, yea, à fortiori, the more so (= how much more! after an affirm. clause; = how much less! after a neg. one): †2 S 4:10 f. when one told me, Saul is dead … I took hold of him and slew him … אַף כִּי־אֲנָשִׁים רְשָׁעִים הָרְגוּ וג׳ à fortiori, how much more (should I do so), when wicked men have slain a righteous person, etc.! Ez 14:21 (Ew Hi) 15:5 Pr 21:27 (in all these passages כִּי = when) Jb 4:19. So וְאַף †1 S 23:3 2 K 5:13 … וְאַף כִּי־אָמַר אֵלֶיךָ and the more (= and how much rather), when he hath said to thee, etc. More commonly in this sense strengthened by כִּי (q.v.), v. infr. e.g. 2 Samuel 4:10
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. n.m. Gn 30:2 nostril, nose, face, anger (Assyrian appu, face Floodiii. 27, 29 cf. Hpt KAT2Gloss, Arabic أَنْفٌ, Ethiopic አንፍ nose; Aramaic ܐܰܦܶܐ, אַנְפִּין face)—abs. ψ 78:21 +; cstr. Gn 27:45 +; sf. אַפִּי Ex 22:23 +, etc.; du. אַפַּיִם Pr 14:17 +; אַפָּיו Gn 2:7 + etc.;—In Hex JE (Jos 7:1 P? 23:16 D?).
III. conj. denoting addition, especially of something greater, also, yea (so Ph. Aramaic ܐܳܦ, אַף, אוֹף; cf. فَ ).
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from אנף (ʼânaph) (H599) — to be angry.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
אַף I
- also, too. Keth. 6ᵇ; a. fr. אף הוא the same. Aboth II, 6.—אף על פי (abbr. אע"פ) prop. even following the dictation of; אף על גב (abbr. אע"ג) prop. even on the top of, = notwithstanding, although (the former mostly in Mishnah, the latter in Gemara). Keth. V, 1 אע"פ שאמרו וכ׳ although the Rabbis have said; a. fr.—Meg. 3ᵃ אע"ג דאיהו לא חזא although he does not see it; a. v. fr.—אף על פי כן nevertheless. Snh. 98ᵃ; a. fr.—Chald. same. Targ. O. Num. XVI, 13; a. e. V. אוּף.
אַף II
- v. אָנַף) prop. breath, hence
- 1. nose. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 (interpret, ăfafuni, ib.) הגיעו הצרות עד א׳ the troubles have risen up to the nose.
- 2. panting, anger.—Du. אַפַּיִם. Y. Taan. II, 65ᵇ bot. ארך אף … ארך אפים וכ׳, it does not read (Jonah IV, 2), Slow of anger but of angers, which means that He is long suffering both to the righteous and the wicked; a. fr. e.g. Jonah 4:2
- 3. pr. n. m. Af, allegorical name of the angel administering justice., allegorical name of the angel administering justice. Ex. R. s. 41 end; s. 44; Deut. R. s. 3.—
- *4. overheated condition, wearines. Maksh. III, 8 בשעת האף when the animal is overheated, Var. יַחַף q. v.
אַף III
- , only in du. אַפַּיִם face (cheeks).
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 121 distinct written forms H639 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 61 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H639, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 247 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 269 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 2:7
- Exodus 4:14
- Numbers 11:1
- Deuteronomy 6:15
- Joshua 7:1
- Judges 2:14
- 1 Samuel 1:5
- 2 Samuel 6:7
- 1 Kings 1:23
- 2 Kings 13:3
- 1 Chronicles 13:10
- 2 Chronicles 7:3
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
