קֹ֫דֶשׁ
holiness
also: apartness, sacredness, separateness fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H6944 appears in the Book of Ezekiel — 38 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Ezekiel
- Ezekiel 20:39 קָדְשִׁ/י֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs As for you, house of Israel, thus says the Lord Yahweh: Go you, serve everyone his idols, and hereafter also, if you will not listen to me; but my holy name shall you no more profane with your gifts, and with your idols.
- Ezekiel 20:40 קָדְשִׁ֞/י קָדְשֵׁי/כֶֽם n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs n c mp cs + sfx pers 2mp For in my holy mountain, in the mountain of the height of Israel, says the Lord Yahweh, there shall all the house of Israel, all of them, serve me in the land: there will I accept them, and there will I require your offerings, and the first fruits of your offerings, with all your holy things.
- Ezekiel 22:8 קָדָשַׁ֖/י n c mp cs + sfx pers 1cs You have despised my holy things, and have profaned my Sabbaths.
- Ezekiel 22:26 קָדָשַׁ/י֒ קֹ֤דֶשׁ n c mp cs + sfx pers 1cs n c ms Her priests have done violence to my law, and have profaned my holy things: they have made no distinction between the holy and the common, neither have they caused men to discern between the unclean and the clean, and have hid their eyes from my Sabbaths, and I am profaned among them.
- Ezekiel 28:14 קֹ֤דֶשׁ n c ms You were the anointed cherub who covers: and I set you, [so that] you were on the holy mountain of God; you have walked up and down in the midst of the stones of fire.
- Ezekiel 36:20 קָדְשִׁ֑/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs When they came to the nations, where they went, they profaned my holy name; in that men said of them, These are the people of Yahweh, and are gone forth out of his land.
- Ezekiel 36:21 קָדְשִׁ֑/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs But I had regard for my holy name, which the house of Israel had profaned among the nations, where they went.
- Ezekiel 36:22 קָדְשִׁ/י֙ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore tell the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord Yahweh: I don't do [this] for your sake, house of Israel, but for my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations, where you went.
- Ezekiel 36:38 קָֽדָשִׁ֗ים n c mp As the flock for sacrifice, as the flock of Jerusalem in her appointed feasts, so shall the waste cities be filled with flocks of men; and they shall know that I am Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 39:7 קָדְשִׁ֜/י קָדְשִׁ֖/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs My holy name will I make known in the midst of my people Israel; neither will I allow my holy name to be profaned any more: and the nations shall know that I am Yahweh, the Holy One in Israel.
- Ezekiel 39:25 קָדְשִֽׁ/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: Now will I bring back the captivity of Jacob, and have mercy on the whole house of Israel; and I will be jealous for my holy name.
- Ezekiel 41:4 קֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ/קֳּדָשִֽׁים n c ms cs ptcl def.art + n c mp He measured the length of it, twenty cubits, and the breadth, twenty cubits, before the temple: and he said to me, This is the most holy place.
- Ezekiel 41:21 הַ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms As for the temple, the door-posts were squared; and as for the face of the sanctuary, the appearance [of it] was as the appearance [of the temple].
- Ezekiel 41:23 וְ/לַ/קֹּֽדֶשׁ conj + prep det + n c ms The temple and the sanctuary had two doors.
- Ezekiel 42:13 הַ/קֹּ֗דֶשׁ קָדְשֵׁ֣י הַ/קֳּדָשִׁ֑ים קָדְשֵׁ֣י הַ/קֳּדָשִׁ֗ים ptcl def.art + n c ms n c mp cs ptcl def.art + n c mp n c mp cs ptcl def.art + n c mp Then said he to me, The north chambers and the south chambers, which are before the separate place, they are the holy chambers, where the priests who are near to Yahweh shall eat the most holy things: there shall they lay the most holy things, and the meal-offering, and the sin-offering, and the trespass-offering; for the place is holy.
- Ezekiel 42:14 מֵ/הַ/קֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ קֹ֣דֶשׁ prep + ptcl def.art + n c ms n c ms When the priests enter in, then shall they not go out of the holy place into the outer court, but there they shall lay their garments in which they minister; for they are holy: and they shall put on other garments, and shall approach to that which pertains to the people.
- Ezekiel 42:20 הַ/קֹּ֖דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms He measured it on the four sides: it had a wall round about, the length five hundred, and the breadth five hundred, to make a separation between that which was holy and that which was common.
- Ezekiel 43:7 קָדְשִׁ֞/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He said to me, Son of man, [this is] the place of my throne, and the place of the soles of my feet, where I will dwell in the midst of the children of Israel forever. The house of Israel shall no more defile my holy name, neither they, nor their kings, by their prostitution, and by the dead bodies of their kings [in] their high places;
- Ezekiel 43:8 קָדְשִׁ֗/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs in their setting of their threshold by my threshold, and their door-post beside my door-post, and there was [but] the wall between me and them; and they have defiled my holy name by their abominations which they have committed: therefore I have consumed them in my anger.
- Ezekiel 43:12 קֹ֣דֶשׁ קָדָשִׁ֔ים n c ms cs n c mp This is the law of the house: on the top of the mountain the whole limit of it round about shall be most holy. Behold, this is the law of the house.
- Ezekiel 44:8 קָדָשָׁ֑/י n c mp cs + sfx pers 1cs You have not kept the charge of my holy things; but you have set keepers of my charge in my sanctuary for yourselves.
- Ezekiel 44:13 קָ֣דָשַׁ֔/י קָדְשֵׁ֖י הַ/קְּדָשִׁ֑ים n c mp cs + sfx pers 1cs n c mp cs ptcl def.art + n c mp They shall not come near to me, to execute the office of priest to me, nor to come near to any of my holy things, to the things that are most holy; but they shall bear their shame, and their abominations which they have committed.
- Ezekiel 44:19 הַ/קֹּ֑דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms When they go forth into the outer court, even into the outer court to the people, they shall put off their garments in which they minister, and lay them in the holy chambers; and they shall put on other garments, that they not sanctify the people with their garments.
- Ezekiel 44:23 קֹ֖דֶשׁ n c ms They shall teach my people the difference between the holy and the common, and cause them to discern between the unclean and the clean.
- Ezekiel 44:27 הַ/קֹּ֜דֶשׁ בַּ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms prep det + n c ms In the day that he goes into the sanctuary, into the inner court, to minister in the sanctuary, he shall offer his sin-offering, says the Lord Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 45:1 קֹדֶשׁ֮ קֹדֶשׁ n c ms n c ms Moreover, when you shall divide by lot the land for inheritance, you shall offer an offering to Yahweh, a holy portion of the land; the length shall be the length of twenty-five thousand [reeds], and the breadth shall be ten thousand: it shall be holy in all the border of it round about.
- Ezekiel 45:2 הַ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms Of this there shall be for the holy place five hundred [in length] by five hundred [in breadth], square round about; and fifty cubits for the suburbs of it round about.
- Ezekiel 45:3 קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָדָשִֽׁים n c ms cs n c mp Of this measure shall you measure a length of twenty-five thousand, and a breadth of ten thousand: and in it shall be the sanctuary, which is most holy.
- Ezekiel 45:4 קֹ֣דֶשׁ n c ms It is a holy portion of the land; it shall be for the priests, the ministers of the sanctuary, who come near to minister to Yahweh; and it shall be a place for their houses, and a holy place for the sanctuary.
- Ezekiel 45:6 הַ/קֹּ֑דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms You shall appoint the possession of the city five thousand broad, and twenty-five thousand long, side by side with the offering of the holy portion: it shall be for the whole house of Israel.
- Ezekiel 45:7 הַ/קֹּ֜דֶשׁ הַ/קֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ ptcl def.art + n c ms ptcl def.art + n c ms [Whatever is] for the prince [shall be] on the one side and on the other side of the holy offering and of the possession of the city, in front of the holy offering and in front of the possession of the city, on the west side westward, and on the east side eastward; and in length answerable to one of the portions, from the west border to the east border.
- Ezekiel 46:19 הַ/קֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ ptcl def.art + n c ms Then he brought me through the entry, which was at the side of the gate, into the holy chambers for the priests, which looked toward the north: and, behold, there was a place on the hinder part westward.
- Ezekiel 48:10 הַ/קֹּדֶשׁ֮ ptcl def.art + n c ms For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand [in length], and toward the west ten thousand in breadth, and toward the east ten thousand in breadth, and toward the south twenty-five thousand in length: and the sanctuary of Yahweh shall be in the midst of it.
- Ezekiel 48:12 קֹ֣דֶשׁ קָדָשִׁ֑ים n c ms cs n c mp It shall be to them an offering from the offering of the land, a thing most holy, by the border of the Levites.
- Ezekiel 48:14 קֹ֖דֶשׁ n c ms They shall sell none of it, nor exchange it, nor shall the first fruits of the land be alienated; for it is holy to Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 48:18 הַ/קֹּ֗דֶשׁ הַ/קֹּ֑דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms ptcl def.art + n c ms The remainder in the length, answerable to the holy offering, shall be ten thousand eastward, and ten thousand westward; and it shall be answerable to the holy offering; and the increase of it shall be for food to those who labor in the city.
- Ezekiel 48:20 הַ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms All the offering shall be twenty-five thousand by twenty-five thousand: you shall offer the holy offering four-square, with the possession of the city.
- Ezekiel 48:21 הַ/קֹּ֣דֶשׁ הַ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ ptcl def.art + n c ms ptcl def.art + n c ms The residue shall be for the prince, on the one side and on the other of the holy offering and of the possession of the city; in front of the twenty-five thousand of the offering toward the east border, and westward in front of the twenty-five thousand toward the west border, answerable to the portions, it shall be for the prince: and the holy offering and the sanctuary of the house shall be in the midst of it.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
קדש — transliterated qôdesh — is a Hebrew noun carrying the sense “holiness.” Where the King James Version says “holy,” newer translations reach for “holiness” (unfoldingWord Literal Text); the renderings breakdown has the detail. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 380 verses — common. Debuting at Exodus 3:5, it then recurs through the corpus. Alongside “holiness” the lexicon also lists “apartness”, “sacredness”, and “separateness” — part of its full sense range. See the sense tree, 380-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6944 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 380
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 380 distinct verses.
- 29 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 29 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #107
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 107 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 380 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 380 distinct verses.
- Torah (Pentateuch) 173 verses · 46%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 106 verses · 28%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 101 verses · 27%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Holy 169×, Sanctuary 60×, Holiness 25×
- American Standard Version: Holy 158×, Sanctuary 65×, Holy things 21×
- Berean Standard Bible: Holy 167×, Sanctuary 43×, Sacred 28×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Holiness 120×, Holy 95×, Holy place 72×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6944 across 469 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 79 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6944 across 470 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 91 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6944 across 437 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 44 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 31 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6944 across 489 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 31 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
24 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 24 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. apartness, sacredness, holiness, of God:
- a. of divine activity, syn. majesty, בַּקֹּדֶשׁ (of victory), Ex 15:11 (song) ψ 68:18; 77:14; זְרוֹעַ ק׳ holy arm Is 52:10 ψ 98:1. e.g. Exodus 15:11
- b. to attest his word as inviolable נשׁבע בק׳ Am 4:2 ψ 89:36; cf. דִּבְרֵי ק׳ Je 23:9, דְּבַר ק׳ ψ 105:42. e.g. Amos 4:2
- c. of his name as sacred, inviolable, separate from all defilement, etc.: שֵׁם קָדְשִׁי Lv 20:3; 22:2, 32 (P), Am 2:7 1 Ch 16:10, 35; 29:16 + 9 times Ez, 5 times ψψ; זֵכֶר ק׳ ψ 30:5 = 97:12; and so e.g. Leviticus 20:3
- d. רוּחַ קָדְשׁוֹ his holy Spirit Is 63:10, 11, cf. ψ 51:13. e.g. Isaiah 63:10
- 2. of places set apart as sacred by God’s presence:
- a. heavenly abode; מעון ק׳ Dt 26:15 Je 25:30; Zc 2:17; 2 Ch 30:27 ψ 68:6; הֵיכַל ק׳ Mi 1:2; Hb 2:20; Jon 2:5, 8 ψ 11:4; מְרוֹם ק׳ ψ 102:20; זְבֻל ק׳ Is 63:15; שְׁמֵי ק׳ ψ 20:7 כסּא ק׳ 47:9; בְּקָדְשׁוֹ 150:1. e.g. Deuteronomy 26:15
- b. on earth: אַדְמַת ק׳ Ex 3:5 (E), cf. Jos 5:15 (JE) 2 Ch 8:11; הַר קם אלהים Ez 28:14 (cf. p. 249 b). e.g. Exodus 3:5
- c. (only P and Ch) the tabernacle and its courts Ex 40:9 Nu 3:28 +; tabernacle by itself Ex 38:24; Lv 10:4 +; court Lv 10:17, 18 + (so קדשׁ הקדשׁים †Nu 18:10); the outer room (specific designation; הַקּ׳) Ex 26:33; 28:29 +; inner room Lv 4:6; 16:2 +, but specif. design. קדשׁ הקדשׁים Ex 26:33, 34; 1 Ch 6:34; שֶׁקֶל הק׳ shekel of the sanctuary Ex 30:13 + 24 times P. e.g. Exodus 40:9
- d. the temple and its precincts 2 Ch 29:7; Dn 8:13 +; שָׂרֵי ק׳ Is 43:28; 1 Ch 24:5; דבּר בְּקָדְשׁוֹ ψ 60:8 = 108:8 (oracle; al. by his holiness, as נשׁבעתי בקדשׁי 89:36), temple by itself 2 Ch 29:5; †בית (ה)ק׳ Is 64:10; 1 Ch 29:3; †הֵיכַל קדשׁך ψ 5:8 = 138:2, 79:1; הַקּ׳ outer room 1 K 8:10 = 2 Ch 5:11; courts of priests Ez 42:14; 44:27(×2); †חצרות קדשׁי Is 62:9; inner room Ez 41:21, 23, specif. †דְּבִיר קדשׁך ψ 28:2; †קדשׁ הקדשׁים 1 K 6:16; 7:50; 8:6; 2 Ch 3:8, 10; 4:22; 5:7; Ez 41:4; †לִשְׁכוֹת הַקּ׳ Ez 42:13; 44:19; 46:19 (v. לִשְׁכָּה 1 c). e.g. 2 Chronicles 29:7
- e. Jerus. and its hills: מקום קדשׁו Ezr 9:8, עיר הק׳ Is 48:2; 52:1; Ne 11:1, 18, ע׳ קדשׁך Dn 9:24, הר (ה)ק׳ Is 11:9 + 6 times Is 2:3; Je 31:23; Ez 20:40 Jo 2:1; 4:17; Ob 16; Zp 3:11; Zc 8:3; Dn 9:16, 20; 11:45 + 6 times ψψ; גְּבוּל ק׳ ψ 78:54, הַרֲרֵי ק׳ 87:1 prob. also 110:3, ק׳ of city and suburbs in Mess. future Je 31:40 Jo 4:17. Cf. e.g. Ezra 9:8
- f. (ה)קדשׁ of Zion Ob 17 ψ 20:3; 24:3; 63:3; 68:25, ק׳ קדשׁים Ez 43:12; נְוֵה ק׳ Ex 15:13 of Zion (or Shiloh). e.g. Obadiah 1:17
- g. of holy land Zp 3:4, אדמת הק׳ Zc 2:16, עָרֵי קדשׁך Is 64:9; future portion of priests ק׳ Ez 45:1(×2) + 11 times Ez; קדשׁ קדשׁים Ez 45:3; 48:12; of Levites קדשׁ Ez 48:14. e.g. Zephaniah 3:4
- 3. things consecrated at sacred places:
- a. furniture of tabern. †קדשׁ (ה)קדשׁים Ex 30:10, 29; Nu 4:4, 19; altar of burnt-offering Ex 29:37; 40:10; Dn 9:24; ארון הק׳ 2 Ch 35:3. e.g. Exodus 30:10
- b. sacrifices of animals Nu 18:17; Ez 36:38; 2 Ch 29:33; sacrificial food Lv 21:22; Nu 5:9 +; †קדשׁ (ה)קדשׁים Lv 2:3, 10; 6:10, 18, 22; 7:1, 6; 10:12, 17; 14:13; Nu 18:9(×2) (all P), Ez 42:13(×2) 2 Ch 31:14 Ezr 2:63 = Ne 7:65; tithe was קדשׁ Lv 27:30 +, also first loaves of new harvest Lv 23:20; fruit of trees of 4th year Lv 19:24. e.g. Numbers 18:17
- c. any consecrated thing: ‖ vows Dt 12:26; Pr 20:25 +, house Lv 27:14, field Lv 27:21, 23; treasures consecrated to treasury of tabern. or temple Jos 6:19 (E) 1 K 7:51 +; consecrated things in gen. Ex 28:38 (P); Ez 20:40; 22:8 +; these may be †קדשׁ (ה)קדשׁים Ez 44:13, so חֵרֶם Lv 27:28. e.g. Deuteronomy 12:26
- d. anointing oil of priest Ex 30:25(×2) + 5 times (P), ψ 89:21; incense Ex 30:35, 37, ק׳ קדשׁים v 36; shew-bread 1 S 21:5, קדשׁ (ה)ק׳ Lv 24:9 (P); foretold of common articles, ק׳ לי׳ Zc 14:20, 21. On ק׳ הקדשׁים v. also Di Ex 26:33; Lv 21:22 WeComp. 160 f. Dr Dn 9:24. e.g. Exodus 30:25
- 4. persons sacred by connex. with sacred places:
- a. priests Lv 21:6; 2 Ch 23:6; 31:18 Ezr 8:28, garments of priesthood Ex 28:2, 4 + 7 times Ex, Lv 16:4, 32 Ez 42:14, specif. of h. priest כתנת ק׳ Lv 16:4, נֵזֶר הק׳ Ex 29:6; 39:30 Lv 8:9; inscription on head piece קדשׁ ליהוה Ex 28:36; 39:30. e.g. Leviticus 21:6
- b. of Israel, קדשׁ לי׳ Je 2:3, היתה לקדשׁו ψ 114:2, עם (ה)קדשׁ Is 62:12; Dn 12:7, עם קדשׁך Is 63:18; (ה)קדשׁ זֶרַע Is 6:13; Ezr 9:2; אַנְשֵׁי קדשׁ Ex 22:30 (R), and so spoil for their use Is 23:18; holy adornment הַדְרַת ק׳ 1 Ch 16:29; 2 Ch 20:21 ψ 29:2; 96:9; הַדְרֵי ק׳ ψ 110:3 (but read הַרְרֵי see 2 e; הָדָר 1); covt. between God and his people ברית ק׳ Dn 11:28, 30(×2). e.g. Jeremiah 2:3
- 5. times consecrated to worship: שׁבת Ex 16:23; 31:14, 15; 35:2 (P) Ne 9:14; of שׁבת also יום ק׳ Is 58:13; disting. from שׁבת Ne 10:32; יובל Lv 25:12 (P); assembly called at stated times for worship מקרא(י) ק׳ Ex 12:16(×2) + 17 times Lv 23 Nu 28 (all P). e.g. Exodus 16:23
- 6. of things and persons ceremonially cleansed, and so separated as sacred; things 1 S 21:6; flesh Je 11:15; Mal 2:11; priests cleanse thus, 1 Ch 23:13, 28; בין (ה)קדשׁ לחל Ez 22:26; 42:20; 44:23; בין הק׳ ובין החל Lv 10:10; דֶּרֶךְ הק׳ Is 35:8 way of the clean; שְׂאוּ יְדֵכֶם ק׳ ψ 134:2; לְבֵיתְךָ נֵאֲוָה־קּ׳ ψ 93:5.— e.g. 1 Samuel 21:6
- מֵרִבְבֹת קֹדֶשׁ Dt 33:2 is lit. from myriads of sacredness, sacred myriads; but ‖ suggests n.pr.loc., 𝔊 σὺν μυριάσιν Καδής, מִמְּרִבַת קָדֵשׁ from Meribah Kadesh Di Buhl Steuern.; or (מִן om.) to M. Kadesh WeProl. 364; 3rd ed. 359; Hist. 344; v. קָדֵשׁ and Dr Dt. e.g. Deuteronomy 33:2
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.m. apartness, sacredness (opp. חֹל Lv 10:10 + 4 times Ez);—abs. ק׳ Ex 3:5 +; קוֹדֶשׁ Dn 11:30; cstr. קֹדֶשׁ Ex 30:36 +; sf. קָדְשִׁי Lv 20:3 +, etc.; pl. קָֽדָשִׁים Ex 29:37 +, הַקֳּדָשִׁים 26:33 +; cstr. קָדְשֵׁי Lv 22:15 +; sf. קָֽדָשַׁי Ez 22:8 + 3 times, קֳדָשֶׁיךָ †Dt 12:26, קֳדָשָׁיו Nu 5:10; 2 K 12:19, קָֽדָשָׁיו †2 Ch 15:18, etc.;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from קדש (qâdash) (H6942) — to consecrate.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
קָדשׁ
- , v. קָדוֹשׁ
קָדַשׁ
- (b. h.) [to be cut off, separated, v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.12 s. v.; cmp. פָּרַשׁ,] to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Y. Sabb. III, 5ᵈ bot.; ib. IV, end, 7ᵃ ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i.e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meïl. II, 8 (10ᵃ) קָדְשׁוּ בכלים (Talm. ed. קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (v. infra); Shebu. 11ᵃ (Ms. F. קידשן). Bekh. 4ᵇ קדשו בכורות וכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; a. fr.
- 1. to sanctify, esp. ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom &c. Sot. 10ᵇ; 36ᵇ יוסף שק׳ שם וכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳ וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Gen. XXXVIII, 26); a. fr. e.g. Genesis 38:26
- 2. to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Ber. 17ᵃ טהר וקַדֵּשׁ עצמך מכל וכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt &c. Yoma 39ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XI, 44) … אדם מְקַדֵּשׁ מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשין וכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yeb. 20ᵃ, a. e. קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Ḥag. 3ᵇ, a. e. קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, v. קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15ᵃ … כל הכלים מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Snh. 16ᵇ מקדשן (corr. acc.). Men. 95ᵇ תנור מְקַדֵּשׁ the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. Ib. 100ᵃ כלי שרת מְקַדְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְקוּדָּשׁ; f. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשִׁים &c. Sabb. 55ᵃ (ref. to Ez. IX, 6) א"ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁי וכ׳ read not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but m’ḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law &c.; Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ. Zeb. 115ᵇ (ref. to Ps. LXVIII, 36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָ וכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones’, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants &c.; a. fr. e.g. Leviticus 11:44
- 3. (with, or sub., ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma III, 6. Ib. IV, 5. Ib. 22ᵃ; a. fr.
- 4. to prepare the water of lustration (Num. XIX). Par. VI, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּשׁ על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. Ib. 2 נוטל ומקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. Ib. 3 המקדש בשוקת וכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; a. fr.
- 5. (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of esp., a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (v. infra). R. Hash. II, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשׁוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). Ib. 24ᵃ בין כך שנים אתה מקדש וכ׳ … in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Lev. XXV, 10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year’, years thou must sanctify &c. Ex. R. s. 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּשׁ את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. R. Hash. II, 7 ראש ב"ד אומר מק׳ וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed’, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed.’ Ib. III, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳ וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say m’ḳuddash before night set in; a. e.—b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day &c., to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pes. 105ᵃ מי שלא ק׳ בע"ש מקדש וכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. Ib. 106ᵇ טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; Ib. 107ᵃ טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. Ib. כגון זה ראוי לקַדֵּשׁ עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; a. fr. e.g. Leviticus 25:10
- 6. ק׳ אשה [to consecrate a woman,] a) to betroth (expl. Kidd. 2ᵇ לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … כהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,—because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, v. הֶקְדֵּשׁ). Kidd. II, 1 האיש מקדש בו וכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41ᵃ אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּשׁ … עד וכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. Ib. II, 4 האומר … צא וקַדֵּשׁ … והלך וקִדְּשָׁהּ וכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשׁוֹת. Ib. הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. Ib. 7; a. fr.—b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of one’s daughter. Ib. 1 האיש מקדש את בתו וכ׳ a man may accept his daughter’s betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41ᵃ אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו וכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; a. fr.
- 7. to cause a thing to be prohibited, esp. (by ref. to Deut. XXII, 9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kil. IV, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. Ib. V, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעים וכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. Ib. VII, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַדֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. Ib. 3 אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. Ib. 5 אין אדם מקדש דבר וכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. Ib. הרי זה ק׳ וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbor’s seeds and must pay damages; a. fr. e.g. Deuteronomy 22:9
- 1. to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yeb. 79ᵃ מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּשׁ שם וכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanḥ. Sh’mini 1 מִתְקַדֵּשׁ אני שם במכבדי there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Lev. R. s. 12; a. fr.
- 2. to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. R. Hash. 21ᵇ יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשׁוּ וכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Ex. R. s. 15 היה הכהן … והכלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּשׁ and a profane vessel became sacred. Shebu. 15ᵃ אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת וכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. Ib. 16ᵃ תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); a. fr.
- 3. (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kil. VII, 7 מאימתי … מתקדשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? Ib. אין מִתְקַדְּשׁוֹת are not to be condemned; a. fr.
- 4. to be betrothed. Kidd. II, 1 האשה מתקדשת בה וכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy. Ib. האומר … הִתְקַדְּשִׁי לי וכ׳ if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. Ib. 45ᵇ נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסת וכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her father’s consent, but was married without it; a. fr.
- 5. to sanctify one’s self. Sifra Vayikra, N’dab., ch. II, Par. 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּשׁ he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice).
- 1. to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Tem. 14ᵃ כאן לִיקָּדֵשׁ כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bekh. 4ᵇ הוֹזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firstborn, that they be consecrated; a. e.
- 2. to be betrothed. Kidd. 48ᵃ if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשׁ וכ׳ make for me chains &c., and I shall be betrothed unto thee.
- 1. to cause sanctification. Zeb. 115ᵇ לא מתו … להַקְדִּישׁ שמו וכ׳ thy (Aaron’s) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord.
- 2. to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Lev. XXVII, 14-24). Arakh. VI, 2 המַקְדִּישׁ נכסיו וכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her k’thubah (כְּתוּבָּה) &c. Ib. VII, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובל וכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. Ib. 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. Ib. 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּישׁ דבר וכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. B. Kam. VII, 2; a. v. fr. e.g. Leviticus 27:14
- to be dedicated, consecrated. Meïl. II, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשׁוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. Ib. 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; a. fr.—Part. מוּקְדָּשׁ; f. מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מוּקְדָּשִׁים &c. Ned. V, 6 (48ᵃ) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. Ib. כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשׁת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bekh. V, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; a. fr.
קְדַשׁ
- , to be sanctified, sacred (v. קְדוֹשׁ). Shebu. 15ᵇ שתי הלחם … דקַדְשֵׁי (Rashi דמִיקַּדְּשֵׁי Ithpa.) it is through the slaughtering of the sheep that the two loaves received their sacred character. Bekh. 4ᵇ דקְדוּשׁ קדוש וכ׳ those firstborn that were consecrated, were consecrated &c.
- as preced. Pi., to sanctify; to proclaim; to betroth &c. Targ. Ex. XXVIII, 41. Ib. XXIX, 1 לקַדָּשָׁא (Y. לקַדְשָׁא). Ib. 44; a. fr.—Targ. Y. Deut. XX, 7 (not דקָדֵישׁ; h. text ארש). Ib. XXII, 16 (h. text נתתי); a. e.—Shebu. 16ᵃ ועזרא קַדּוּשֵׁי ק׳ וכ׳ and Ezra consecrated (the various places), although the Urim and Tummim were no longer extant. Pes. 106ᵃ עיקר קידושא … דכי ק׳ תחלת יומא בעי לקַדּוּשֵׁי the actual sanctification of the Sabbath must take place in the evening, for when one sanctifies the Sabbath, one must sanctify the beginning of the day. Ib. ליקַדֵּישׁ לן וכ׳ please, sir, recite for us the great Ḳiddush, v. קִידּוּשָׁא. Ib. 101ᵃ לקדושי בביתא to recite the Ḳiddush in the house. Ib. 106ᵇ זימנין … מקדש אריפתא at times, when he cared more for bread, he recited the Ḳiddush over bread.—R. Hash. 25ᵃ זיל … וקַדְּשֵׁיה וכ׳ go to ‘En-Ṭab and proclaim the New Moon Day. Ib. אמר … בעינן לקדושי בך וכ׳ he said (to the moon), to-night we desire to initiate the new month through thee, and thou standest here? Ib.ᵇ ולִיקַדְּשֵׁיה בליליא Ms. M. and we may proclaim it at night. Shebu. 15ᵇ דעד דקַדֵּישׁ יומא וכ׳ so that immediately after one has recited the blessing at the exit of the day (הַבְדָּלָה), one might finish the building and consecrate it.—Kidd. 50ᵇ באתרא דמְקַדְּשֵׁי והדר מסבלי where it is customary to send the gifts after betrothal, v. סְבַל. Ib. 59ᵃ לקדושי … לבריה to betroth a wife for his son (as his deputy); a. v. fr.—Part. pass. מְקַדַּשׁ; f. מְקַדְּשָׁא, &c. Shebu. l. c. תרוייהו … מְקַדְּשֵׁי both of them are consecrated at the same time. Ib. חדא מי מק׳ how can even one of them be consecrated?—Pes. 101ᵃ ולא מק׳ לכו בבית אכילה (Ms. M. 2 מתקדש) and no Ḳiddush will be recited for you in your dining place; a. fr.
- ; Ithpe. אִיקְּדִישׁ to sanctify one’s self; to be sanctified; (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable; (of woman) to be betrothed. Targ. Ex. XXIX, 37. Targ. Lev. XX, 7. Targ. O. ib. X, 3; a. fr.—Kidd. 54ᵃ ירושלים מי מִיקַּדְּשָׁא is Jerusalem itself consecrated ground? Ned. 31ᵃ כיון דאיק׳ אברהם וכ׳ when Abraham was consecrated (as the bearer of religion), they (the Israelites) were called after him (they are no longer included among ‘the sons of Noah’).—Keth. 62ᵇ אי מִיקַּדַּשְׁנָא (some ed. מְקַדַּשְׁנָא) if I consent to be betrothed unto thee, wilt thou go to college? Ib. אִיקַּדְּשָׁא ליה וכ׳ she was betrothed to him in secret, and she sent him (Akiba) away (to study). Kidd. 9ᵃ אי … מִיקַּדְּשַׁת לי if I give it thee, wilt thou be betrothed to me? Ib. 12ᵃ אשה … לא מִיקַּדְּשָׁא a woman cannot be betrothed with a P’ruṭah; a. fr.—Pes. 105ᵃ זיל חזי אי מִקְּדִישׁ יומא (Ms. M. קדיש) go and see whether the sacred day has begun.
- 1. to sanctify, dedicate. Targ. Lev. XXVII, 14 (Y. ed. Vien. יִקְדַּשׁ). Ib. 15. Targ. Jud. XVII, 3; a. fr.
- 2. to betroth. Kidd. 9ᵇ עד דמַקְדִּישׁ והדר בעיל (Rashi דמקדש) until he betroth her and consummates. Ib. 12ᵃ ההוא גברא דא׳ וכ׳ a man betrothed a woman with a piece of &c., v. כּוֹחֲלָא. Ib. 12ᵇ; a. fr. (interch. with Pa.).
קַדֵּשׁ
- m., v. קַדִּישׁ
קָדֵשׁ
- [cut off, rejected, cmp. חרם] sodomite. Sifré Deut. 260 ק׳ חמור the sodomite whose crime is the severer one (v. infra).—Pl. קְדֵשִׁים. Esth. R. to I, 9 (expl. מעולל, Is. III, 12) ק׳ בהון sodomites were among them (with ref. to ויתעללו, Jud. XIX, 25).—Fem. קְדֵשָׁה prostitute. Sifré l. c. ק׳ קלה the Ḳ’deshah whose crime is a minor one (compared with that of the Ḳadesh). e.g. Isaiah 3:12
קֶדֶשׁ
- (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Kedesh in Naftali, one of the cities of refuge. Macc. 9ᵇ. Y. Meg. I, 70ᵃ bot., v. אַגָּנָא.
קַדַשׁ
- , v. נוּנָא
קֹדֶשׁ
- , v. קוֹדֶשׁ, קוֹדַשׁ, קוּדְשָׁא.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 128 distinct written forms H6944 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 68 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6944, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 6 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 356 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 380 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Exodus 3:5
- Leviticus 2:3
- Numbers 3:28
- Deuteronomy 12:26
- Joshua 5:15
- 1 Samuel 21:4
- 1 Kings 6:16
- 2 Kings 12:4
- 1 Chronicles 6:49
- 2 Chronicles 3:8
- Ezra 2:63
- Psalms 2:6
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
