אֵ֫לֶּה
these
‘these’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Pronoun
- A word standing in for a noun (“he,” “this,” “who”).
Gender
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H428 appears in the Book of Joshua — 44 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Joshua
- Joshua 4:6 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp that this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask in time to come, saying, What do you mean by these stones?
- Joshua 4:7 הָ/אֵ֧לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp then you shall tell them, Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of Yahweh; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off: and these stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever.
- Joshua 4:20 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Those twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, did Joshua set up in Gilgal.
- Joshua 4:21 הָ/אֵֽלֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp He spoke to the children of Israel, saying, When your children shall ask their fathers in time to come, saying, What mean these stones?
- Joshua 8:22 וְ/אֵ֨לֶּה אֵ֥לֶּה וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה conj + pron dem cp pron dem cp conj + pron dem cp The others came forth out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they struck them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.
- Joshua 9:13 וְ/אֵ֨לֶּה וְ/אֵ֤לֶּה conj + pron dem cp conj + pron dem cp and these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are torn: and these our garments and our shoes are become old by reason of the very long journey.
- Joshua 10:16 הָ/אֵ֑לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp These five kings fled, and hid themselves in the cave at Makkedah.
- Joshua 10:22 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Then said Joshua, Open the mouth of the cave, and bring forth those five kings to me out of the cave.
- Joshua 10:23 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp They did so, and brought forth those five kings to him out of the cave, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon.
- Joshua 10:24 הָ/אֵלֶּה֮ הָ/אֵ֑לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp ptcl def.art + pron dem cp It happened, when they brought forth those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who went with him, Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings. They came near, and put their feet on the necks of them.
- Joshua 10:42 הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ ptcl def.art + pron dem cp All these kings and their land did Joshua take at one time, because Yahweh, the God of Israel, fought for Israel.
- Joshua 11:5 הָ/אֵ֑לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp All these kings met together; and they came and encamped together at the waters of Merom, to fight with Israel.
- Joshua 11:10 הָ/אֵֽלֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Joshua turned back at that time, and took Hazor, and struck the king of it with the sword: for Hazor before was the head of all those kingdoms.
- Joshua 11:12 הָ֠/אֵלֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp All the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and he struck them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed them; as Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded.
- Joshua 11:14 הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ ptcl def.art + pron dem cp All the spoil of these cities, and the cattle, the children of Israel took for a prey to themselves; but every man they struck with the edge of the sword, until they had destroyed them, neither left they any who breathed.
- Joshua 11:18 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Joshua made war a long time with all those kings.
- Joshua 12:1 וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה conj + pron dem cp Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel struck, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:
- Joshua 12:7 וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה conj + pron dem cp These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel struck beyond the Jordan westward, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon even to Mount Halak, that goes up to Seir; and Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions;
- Joshua 13:32 אֵ֕לֶּה pron dem cp These are the inheritances which Moses distributed in the plains of Moab, beyond the Jordan at Jericho, eastward.
- Joshua 14:1 וְ/אֵ֛לֶּה conj + pron dem cp These are the inheritances which the children of Israel took in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers' [houses] of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed to them,
- Joshua 17:2 אֵ֠לֶּה pron dem cp So [the lot] was for the rest of the children of Manasseh according to their families: for the children of Abiezer, and for the children of Helek, and for the children of Asriel, and for the children of Shechem, and for the children of Hepher, and for the children of Shemida: these were the male children of Manasseh the son of Joseph according to their families.
- Joshua 17:3 וְ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ conj + pron dem cp But Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons, but daughters: and these are the names of his daughters: Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.
- Joshua 17:9 הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ ptcl def.art + pron dem cp The border went down to the brook of Kanah, southward of the brook: these cities belonged to Ephraim among the cities of Manasseh: and the border of Manasseh was on the north side of the brook, and the goings out of it were at the sea:
- Joshua 17:12 הָ/אֵ֑לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
- Joshua 19:8 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp and all the villages that were round about these cities to Baalath Beer, Ramah of the South. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.
- Joshua 19:16 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp This is the inheritance of the children of Zebulun according to their families, these cities with their villages.
- Joshua 19:31 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.
- Joshua 19:48 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families, these cities with their villages.
- Joshua 19:51 אֵ֣לֶּה pron dem cp These are the inheritances, which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers' [houses] of the tribes of the children of Israel, distributed for inheritance by lot in Shiloh before Yahweh, at the door of the tent of meeting. So they made an end of dividing the land.
- Joshua 20:4 הָ/אֵ֗לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp He shall flee to one of those cities, and shall stand at the entrance of the gate of the city, and declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city; and they shall take him into the city to them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them.
- Joshua 20:9 אֵ֣לֶּה pron dem cp These were the appointed cities for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger who sojourns among them, that whoever kills any person unwittingly might flee there, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
- Joshua 21:3 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp The children of Israel gave to the Levites out of their inheritance, according to the commandment of Yahweh, these cities with their suburbs.
- Joshua 21:8 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp The children of Israel gave by lot to the Levites these cities with their suburbs, as Yahweh commanded by Moses.
- Joshua 21:9 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp They gave out of the tribe of the children of Judah, and out of the tribe of the children of Simeon, these cities which are [here] mentioned by name:
- Joshua 21:16 הָ/אֵֽלֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp and Ain with its suburbs, and Juttah with its suburbs, [and] Beth-shemesh with its suburbs; nine cities out of those two tribes.
- Joshua 21:42 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה הָ/אֵֽלֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp ptcl def.art + pron dem cp These cities were every one with their suburbs round about them: thus it was with all these cities.
- Joshua 23:3 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp and you have seen all that Yahweh your God has done to all these nations because of you; for Yahweh your God, he it is that has fought for you.
- Joshua 23:4 הָ/אֵ֛לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Behold, I have allotted to you these nations that remain, to be an inheritance for your tribes, from the Jordan, with all the nations that I have cut off, even to the great sea toward the going down of the sun.
- Joshua 23:7 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp ptcl def.art + pron dem cp that you not come among these nations, these that remain among you; neither make mention of the name of their gods, nor cause to swear [by them], neither serve them, nor bow down yourselves to them;
- Joshua 23:12 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Else if you do at all go back, and cleave to the remnant of these nations, even these who remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in to them, and they to you;
- Joshua 23:13 הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp know for a certainty that Yahweh your God will no more drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap to you, and a scourge in your sides, and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from off this good land which Yahweh your God has given you.
- Joshua 24:17 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp for Yahweh our God, he it is who brought us and our fathers up out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage, and who did those great signs in our sight, and preserved us in all the way in which we went, and among all the peoples through the midst of whom we passed;
- Joshua 24:26 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp Joshua wrote these words in the book of the law of God; and he took a great stone, and set it up there under the oak that was by the sanctuary of Yahweh.
- Joshua 24:29 הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה ptcl def.art + pron dem cp It happened after these things, that Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of Yahweh, died, being one hundred ten years old.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“these” is the headline sense of the Hebrew word אלה (ʼêl-leh). First canonically at Genesis 2:4, it enters the text early. It appears 697 verses across 32 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its most common vocabulary. Its meaning spans more than one sense — see its full sense range. Related forms include אל, אל and אלה. See the sense tree, 697-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H428 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 697
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 697 distinct verses.
- 32 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 32 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #68
- by frequency
- Top 100 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 68 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 697 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Genesis 78 verses 11%
- 1 Chronicles 77 verses 11%
- Numbers 71 verses 10%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 697 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 283 verses · 41%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 246 verses · 35%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 168 verses · 24%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 4 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Other 2×, Were 2×
- American Standard Version†: These 4×, Others 2×, Things 2×
- Berean Standard Bible†: These 445×, Things 34×, This 27×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: These 523×, Are 62×, Were 57×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H428 across 20† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 16 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H428 across 19† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 11 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H428 across 690† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 60 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 54 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H428 across 830† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 30 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
13 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 13 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
אלה I
- a. Gn 2:4 & often: in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the art.) Ex 9:14 (read with Hi. אֵלֶּה בְּךָ for אֶל־לִבֵּךָ) 10:1 אֹתֹתַי אֵלֶּה these my signs, 11:8 Dt 11:18 1 K 8:59; 10:8; 22:23 2 K 1:13 Je 31:21 Ezr 2:65 Ne 6:14; in the genit. 2 K 6:20 Is 47:9 Dt 18:12 ψ 15:5; and after כל Gn 14:3 + often Standing alone in a neuter sense, these things (rare in best prose, & not very common in poetry), with עָשָׂה Dt 18:12; 22:5; 25:16 2 S 23:17, 22 ψ 15:5 +; with other vbs. Ezr 9:1 Is 44:21; 47:7 Je 13:22 Ho 14:10 ψ 42:5; 50:21; 107:43 Jb 8:2; with אֶת־ Nu 15:13 Is 48:14; with כָּל־ Ju 13:23 Is 66:2 +; v. also some of the cases with preps. sub d. אלה may point indifferently to what follows, Gn 6:9; 10:1; 25:7, 12, 13 ψ 42:5; or to what has preceded, Gn 9:19; 10:20, 31, 32; 25:4 Lv 21:14; 22:22 ψ 15:5; = such as these (τοιαῦτα), ψ 73:12 Jb 18:21. e.g. Genesis 2:4
- b. repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those Dt 27:12, 13 Jos 8:22 Is 49:12 (3 times) ψ 20:8 +. e.g. Deuteronomy 27:12
- c. with art. (only after a subst. determined by art. (except Gn 21:29 Jos 17:9 עָרִים הָאֵלֶּה read הֶעָרִים, cf. 17:12; 19:8, 16, 31, 48, etc. Ez 42:9)) הָאֵלֶּה Gn 15:1 +. e.g. Genesis 21:29
- d. with preps.: בְּאֵלָּה Lv 25:54; 26:23 1 K 22:11 (7 times), בָּאֵלֶּה †1 S 16:10; 17:39; לְאֵלֶּה Lv 11:24 (4 times), לָאֵלֶּה 1 K 22:17 (5 times); מֵאֵלֶּה Gn 9:19 (16 times); עַד אֵלֶּה Lv 26:18; עַל־אֵלָּה on account of these things Is 57:6; 64:11 Je 5:9 al.; כְּאֵלֶּה †Jb 16:2 Je 10:16 = 51:19, כָּאֵלֶּה †Gn 27:46 Lv 10:19 (things like these, so Is 66:8 Je 18:13) Nu 28:24 P (cf. Ez 45:25) 2 K 25:17 = Je 52:22, כְּמוֹ־אֵלֶּה †Jb 12:3. e.g. Leviticus 25:54
אלה II swear, curse (cf. I. אלה? so Thes LagOr ii. 3)
Qal
- Pf. 1 K 8:31 (= 2 Ch 6:22 all Vrss Th Bö Bä Kp reading וְאָלָה); אָלִית Ju 17:2; Inf. abs. אָלֹה Ho 4:2; אָלוֹת Ho 10:4. e.g. 1 Kings 8:31
- 1. swear, take oath before God 1 K 8:31 (= 2 Ch 6:22); in covenants Ho 4:2; 10:4 (falsely). e.g. 1 Kings 8:31
- 2. curse Ju 17:2. e.g. Judges 17:2
Hiphil
- Impf. וַיֹּ֫אֶ֗ל 1 S 14:24; Inf. לְהַאֲלֹתוֹ 1 K 8:31 = 2 Ch 6:22 adjure, put under oath. e.g. 1 Samuel 14:24
אלה III oath Gn 26
- 1. oath in testimony Lv 5:1 Nu 5:21(×2) (P) Pr 29:24; בא באלה come into an oath Ne 10:30; הביא באלה bring into an oath Ez 17:13; נשׂא אלה 1 K 8:31 (= 2 Ch 6:22). e.g. Leviticus 5:1
- 2. oath of covenant Gn 24:41(×2); 26:28 (J) Dt 29:11, 13; בזה אלה despise an oath Ez 16:59; 17:16, 18, 19. e.g. Genesis 24:41
- 3. curse (a) from God Nu 5:23 (P) Dt 29:18, 19, 20; 30:7 2 Ch 34:24 Is 24:6 Je 23:10 Dn 9:11 Zc 5:3; (b) from men Jb 31:30 ψ 10:7; 59:13. e.g. Numbers 5:23
- 4. execration in the phrase היה לאלה become an execration Nu 5:27 (P) Je 29:18; 42:18; 44:12. e.g. Numbers 5:27
אלה IV wail (Aramaic אֲלָא, ܐܶܠܴܐ ) only
Qal
- Imv. fs. אֱלִי Jo 1:8 (v. אַלְלַי). e.g. Joel 1:8
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. (أُولَى, እሉ: እላ: Rabb. אֵלּוּ, Aramaic אִלֵּין, & compd. with ܗܳܐ and ܐܰܝ in ܗܳܠܶܝܢ, ܐܰܝܠܶܝܢ ) pr.pl.m. & f. these, in usage the pl. of זֶה.
I. vb. swear, curse (cf. I. אלה? so Thes LagOr ii. 3)—
II. n.f. oath Gn 26:28 +; sf. אָלָתִי, אָלָתוֹ Gn 24:41 + (4 times); pl. אָלוֹת Dt 29:20 + (4 times)
III. vb. wail (Aramaic אֲלָא, ܐܶܠܴܐ ) only
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from אל (ʼêl) (H411) — these.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
אָלָה
- to curse, v. אלי.
אָלָה ²
- imprecation, curse. Sot. II, 5 (17ᵃ); a. fr.—Pl. אָלוֹת. Ib. a. e.
אֵלֶּה
- c. pl. (b. h.; v. preced.) these, those (cmp. הרי). Ex. R. s. 30 v’elleh (and this) adds to the preceding (continues), elleh (these) restricts. V. אֵלּוּ.
אֵלָה
- v. preced. ws.) terebinth. Shebi. VII, 5.
אלה
- Sabb. 90ᵃ Ar., v. אֵילָא 3.
אַלָּה
- Josh. XXIV, 26; v. אַלָּתָא) [pointed, prominent] e.g. Joshua 24:26
- 1. lance, fork. Kel. XVI, 8 חפוי הא׳, v. חִפּוּי. Pes. 57ᵃ אוי לי מֵאַלָּתָן woe to me (I am afraid) of their fork (weapon). Sabb. VI, 3 (63ᵃ) ed. (Ms. אלא); Y. ibid. 8ᵇ (expl. דייקרן).
- 2. sign-pole, used in the barn as a mark. Ib.; Y. Maasr. I, 49ᵃ bot.; Tosef. Ter. III, 11 משתיעקר הא׳ (ed. Zuck. משיתעשר, corr. acc.) as soon as the sign-pole (fork) is removed (indicating that the grain is ready for use and priestly gifts).
אֱלָהּ
- (= h. אֱלוֹהַּ) God. Dan. III, 28; a. fr.—Targ. O. Deut. XXXIII, 26; a. fr.—Lev. R. s. 5, end את אלה רב Ar. (ed. אלוה). Y. B. Mets. II, 8ᶜ אלההון דיהודאי the God of the Jews. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵇ.—Pl. (also plur. majest.) אֱלָהִין. Dan. II, 11; a. e.—אֱלָהַיָּא. Jer. X, 11. Targ. Ps. CXXXVI, 2 אלהי אלהיא the God of gods. [Gen. R. s. 26 כומריא גנבו א׳ וכ׳ (read אלהון) when priests rob—who would swear by their god?] Ib. (ref. to Gen. VI, 2).—Lev. R. s. 33 תמן קריין … אֱלָהַיָּיא there (in Rome) they call their kings gods. e.g. Daniel 3:28
אלי I
- to curse. Sifré Num. 18 (ref. to Num. XVIII, 21) לאלה שיהו אָלִין בה וכ׳ ‘as a curse’ means that people shall curse by her (pointing to her), ‘may happen unto thee what happened to …’. e.g. Numbers 18:21
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 78 distinct written forms H428 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Amos 6:2 | 68 |
| אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ecclesiastes 7:28 | 58 |
| אֵ֣לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 1:1 | 57 |
| הָ/אֵ֑לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 10:15 | 50 |
| הָ/אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 7:17 | 50 |
| הָ/אֵֽלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 16:12 | 41 |
| אֵ֥לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 5:3 | 28 |
| אֵ֑לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 18:12 | 26 |
| אֵ֚לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 12:2 | 25 |
| אֵ֛לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ecclesiastes 11:9 | 24 |
| וְ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 11:41 | 22 |
| הָ/אֵ֗לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 6:6 | 21 |
| אֵֽלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 11:4 | 18 |
| הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 1:17 | 18 |
| וְ/אֵ֣לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ezra 2:1 | 15 |
| אֵ֔לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 10:21 | 14 |
| וְ/אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 22:17 | 14 |
| וְ/אֵ֛לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 27:13 | 14 |
| אֵ֤לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Exodus 32:4 | 13 |
| אֵ֨לֶּה֙ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 25:3 | 13 |
| וְ/אֵ֗לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Exodus 1:1 | 13 |
| וְ/אֵ֥לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Daniel 12:2 | 12 |
| אֵ֗לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Exodus 6:25 | 11 |
| אֵ֕לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ezra 10:44 | 10 |
| וְ/אֵ֨לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Exodus 6:16 | 9 |
| הָ/אֵ֜לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Esther 9:31 | 7 |
| אֵ֜לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 3:5 | 6 |
| הָ/אֵ֛לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 31:3 | 6 |
| אֵ֠לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 12:1 | 4 |
| מֵ/אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ezekiel 16:5 | 4 |
| מֵ/אֵֽלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ezekiel 8:15 | 4 |
| אֵ֧לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Genesis 36:19 | 3 |
| אֵ֭לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Job 18:21 | 3 |
| אֵלֶּה֩ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 29:1 | 3 |
| הָ/אֵ֤לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Esther 9:26 | 3 |
| הָ/אֵלֶּה֮ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ezekiel 14:16 | 3 |
| וְ/אֵ֤לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Chronicles 3:1 | 3 |
| לָ/אֵ֔לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Kings 22:17 | 3 |
| אֵ֨לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Exodus 11:8 | 2 |
| בְּ/אֵ֛לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Kings 22:11 | 2 |
| הָ/אֵ֡לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 5:22 | 2 |
| הָ֠/אֵלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Esther 9:28 | 2 |
| וְ/כָ/אֵ֛לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 2 Kings 25:17 | 2 |
| וְ֠/אֵלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Genesis 36:40 | 2 |
| וּ/מֵ/אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Genesis 9:19 | 2 |
| כְ/אֵ֜לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Jeremiah 10:16 | 2 |
| כָּ/אֵ֑לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Jeremiah 18:13 | 2 |
| מֵ/אֵ֑לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Ecclesiastes 7:10 | 2 |
| מֵ/אֵ֗לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Chronicles 2:53 | 2 |
| אֵ֣לֶּ֣ה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Genesis 36:13 | 1 |
| אֵ֦לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Kings 20:29 | 1 |
| בְ/אֵ֥לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Jeremiah 9:24 | 1 |
| בְּ/אֵ֑לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Leviticus 25:54 | 1 |
| בְּ/אֵ֔לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Leviticus 26:23 | 1 |
| בְּ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Chronicles 7:29 | 1 |
| בָּ/אֵ֖לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Samuel 17:39 | 1 |
| בָּ/אֵֽלֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Samuel 16:10 | 1 |
| ה/אהל | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | 1 Kings 7:45 | 1 |
| הָ/אֵ֔לֶה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Zechariah 4:11 | 1 |
| הָ/אֵ֧לֶּה | Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural | Joshua 4:7 | 1 |
The 60 most common forms are shown; 18 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H428, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 661 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 697 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 2:4
- Exodus 1:1
- Leviticus 2:8
- Numbers 1:5
- Deuteronomy 1:1
- Joshua 4:6
- Judges 2:4
- Ruth 3:17
- 1 Samuel 2:23
- 2 Samuel 2:13
- 1 Kings 4:2
- 2 Kings 1:7
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
