Joshua 17:12

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Joshua 17:12 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Joshua 17:12 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/joshua/17/12.

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English Translation
Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    But the sons of Manasseh were not able to possess these cities, for the Canaanite was determined to dwell in this land.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    But the descendants of Manasseh were unable to occupy these cities, because the Canaanites were determined to stay in this land.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    But the descendants of Manasseh were unable to occupy these cities, because the Canaanites were determined to stay in this land.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out `the inhabitants of' those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh coulde not destroy those cities, but the Canaanites dwelled still in that land.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Neither could the children of Manasses overthrow these cities, but the Chanaanite began to dwell in his land.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And the sons of Manasseh have not been able to occupy these cities, and the Canaanite is desirous to dwell in this land,
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And the sons of Manasseh have not been able to occupy these cities, and the Canaanite is desirous to dwell in this land,
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Yet the tribe of Manasseh could not take possession of those cities, for the Canaanites continued to live in this land.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    But the sons of Manasseh were not able to possess these cities, for the Canaanite was determined to dwell in this land.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    But the children of Manasseh could not dispossess [the inhabitants of] those cities; and the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh couldn’t drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not expel the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    But the descendants of Manasseh could not take possession of these towns because the Canaanites were determined to go on occupying the land.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    But the children of Manasseh were not able to make the people of those towns go out; but the Canaanites would go on living in that land.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites were resolved to dwell in that land.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וַיּ֨וֹאֶל֙
yâʼal
H2974
“and · to be willing”
Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Hiphil
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root [probably rather the same as H2973 through the idea of mental weakness]

TWOT: 831

to begin, make a beginning, show willingness, undertake to do, be pleased, be determined - (Hiphil) - to agree to, show willingness, acquiesce, accept an invitation, be willing - to undertake - to resolve, be pleased, be determined
  1. וְלֹ֤א lôʼ H3808 “and · not” Conjunction + Particle, Negative
  2. יָכְלוּ֙ yâkôl H3201 “to prevail” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural
  3. בְּנֵ֣י bên H1121 “sons of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
  4. מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה Mᵉnashsheh H4519 “Manasseh” Noun, Proper
  5. לְהוֹרִ֖ישׁ yârash H3423 “to inherit” Preposition + Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Construct
  6. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  7. הֶֽעָרִ֣ים ʻîyr H5892 “the · cities” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
  8. הָאֵ֑לֶּה ʼêl-leh H428 “the · these” Particle, Definite Article + Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural
  9. הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י Kᵉnaʻanîy H3669 “the · Canaanite” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  10. לָשֶׁ֖בֶת yâshab H3427 “to dwell” Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct
  11. בָּאָ֥רֶץ ʼerets H776 “in/at the · land” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  12. הַזֹּֽאת zôʼth H2063 “the · this” Particle, Definite Article + Pronoun, Demonstrative, Feminine, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

13
words
13
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וַיּ֨וֹאֶל֙ to be willing H2974 — appearing just 19 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַיּ֨וֹאֶל֙ to be willing H2974 occurs in 19 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 4 verbs
  • 5 nouns
  • 2 pronouns
  • 2 particles

Verb forms

  • יָכְלוּ֙ Qal · Perfect
  • לְהוֹרִ֖ישׁ Hiphil · Infinitive Construct
  • וַיּ֨וֹאֶל֙ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
  • לָשֶׁ֖בֶת Qal · Infinitive Construct

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 21 words from the Hebrew and 21 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 13 Hebrew tokens and 19 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

6

Topical passages linked to Joshua 17:12 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Exodus 23:29–33 I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become desolate, and the animals of the field multiply against you.
  • Judges 1:27–28 Manasseh did not drive out [the inhabitants of] Beth-shean and its towns, nor [of] Taanach and its towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and its towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and its towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and its towns; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
  • Numbers 33:52–56 then you shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land from before you, and destroy all their figured [stones], and destroy all their molten images, and demolish all their high places:
  • Joshua 15:63 As for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah couldn't drive them out: but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.
  • Joshua 16:10 They didn't drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer: but the Canaanites dwell in the midst of Ephraim to this day, and are become servants to do forced labor.
  • Romans 6:12–14 Therefore don't let sin reign in your mortal body, that you should obey it in its lusts.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 17:12 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְלֹ֤א יָכְלוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה לְהוֹרִ֖ישׁ אֶת הֶֽעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיּ֨וֹאֶל֙ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י לָשֶׁ֖בֶת בָּאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּֽאת

Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 17:12 Septuagint · lemma form

καί οὐ δύναμαι ὁ υἱός μανασσή ἐκὀλεθρεύω ὁ πόλις οὗτος καί ἄρχω ὁ χαναναῖος καταοἰκέω ἐν ὁ γῆ οὗτος

And the sons of Manasse were not able to destroy these cities; and the Chananite began to dwell in that land.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Pulpit Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְלָא יָכִילוּ בְּנֵי מְנַשֶׁה לְתָרָכָא יַת קִרְוַיָא הָאִלֵין וּשְׁרֵי כְנַעֲנָאָה לְמִתַּב בְּאַרְעָא הָדָא:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 17:12 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

CANAANITES NOT DRIVEN OUT. (Jos 17:12-13)

Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out those cities--probably due to indolence, a love of ease. Perhaps a mistaken humanity, arising from a disregard or forgetfulness of the divine command, and a decreasing principle of faith and zeal in the service of God, were the causes of their failure.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 17:12 Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.

Ver. 12. Could not drive out.] As their fathers could not enter the promised land, so neither could they possess it, "because of unbelief."

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

For at the first they lacked courage, and after agreed with them on condition, contrary to God’s commandment.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 12. Could not drive out, &c.] They had neither grace nor courage to go against their enemies, and chose rather to share their territories with those whom the justice of God had proscribed, than exert themselves to expel them. But some commentators give a different turn to this expression, and translate the passage thus: But the children of Manasseh could not (resolve) to destroy those cities, but the Canaanites consented to dwell in the land. And as they were willing to pay tribute, and the others chose to tolerate them on those terms, they agreed to dwell together: but this paying of tribute seems not to have taken place till some time after, when the children of Israel were waxen strong, &c.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

12. Yet the children of Manasseh] Comp. Jdg_1:27-28.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Yet the children of Manasseh could not drive out the inhabitants of these cities,.... Mentioned in Jos 17:11; they had not strength at first to do it, or either were negligent and slothful, and suffered them to dwell among them, and did not take the advantage they might have done; and afterwards it was too late, they became too strong and numerous for them, at least for a time:

but the Canaanites would dwell in the land; whether they would or not.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Could, because they would not, Judges i. 27. The children of Manasses took these cities; but not putting the inhabitants to death, the latter got possession again, as was the case with respect to many other cities taken (Calmet) and destroyed (Haydock) by Josue. Hebrew, "the Chanaanites consented to dwell," &c. The Israelites spared their lives on their paying tribute; and this prevarication was the cause of their being afterwards reduced to submit to the yoke of these nations. (Calmet) (Judges ii. 20., Deuteronomy xx. 16.) (Menochius) --- The Chanaaites dwelt with Manasses for a time; (Worthington) perhaps they were never wholly expelled. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

See Poole "Jos 15:63".

Would dwell; were resolved to fight, rather than be turned out of their ancient habitations.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

12. Could not drive out — See on Jos_15:63; Jos_16:10.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Would dwell. The LXX and Vulgate translate, "began to dwell," an obvious mistake here, though the word sometimes has this signification. They willed to dwell there, in spite of their defeats, and their purpose was not frustrated.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

Resolved—were willing.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 13 words (13 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is yâʼal (“to be willing”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “to be willing” (yâʼal) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. How does Genesis 18:27, which shares the word «to be willing», read alongside this verse?
  3. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  4. «יָכְלוּ֙» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  5. Compare how Jamieson, Fausset & Brown and Trapp's Complete Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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