1 Chronicles 2:53

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 2:53 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Chronicles 2:53 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-chronicles/2/53.

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English Translation
The families of Kiriath Jearim: The Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 4 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
  • 5 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The families of Kiriath Jearim: The Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the families of Kirjathjearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zareathites, and the Eshtaulites,
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    and the clans of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites and the Puthites and the Shumathites and the Mishraites. From these came forth the Zorathites and Eshtaolites. ts\*

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The families of Kiriath Jearim: The Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    and the clans of Kiriath-jearim—the Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites, and Mishraites. From these descended the Zorathites and Eshtaolites.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    and the clans of Kiriath-jearim—the Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites, and Mishraites. From these descended the Zorathites and Eshtaolites.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the families of Kirjathjearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zareathites, and the Eshtaulites,
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And the families of Kiriath-jearim: The Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And the families of Kiriath-jearim; the Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And the families of Kiriath-iearim were the Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and ye Mishraites of them came the Zarreathites, and the Eshtaulites.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And of the kindred of Cariathiarim, the Jethrites, and Aphuthites, and Semathites, and Maserites. Of them came the Saraites, and Esthaolites.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and the families of Kirjath-Jearim: the Ithrite, and the Puhite, and the Shumathite, and the Mishraite: from these went out the Zareathite, and the Eshtaulite.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and the families of Kirjath-Jearim: the Ithrite, and the Puhite, and the Shumathite, and the Mishraite. The Zorathite and the Eshtaolite went out from these.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    and the clans of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites, and Mishraites. The Zorathites and Eshtaolites descended from these.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    and the clans of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites and the Puthites and the Shumathites and the Mishraites. From these came forth the Zorathites and Eshtaolites. ts\*
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And the families of Kirjath-jearim were the Jithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zoreathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    The families of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites, the Puthites, the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; from them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And the families of Kirjath-jearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zereathites, and the Eshtaulites.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and the families of Kiriath Jearim: the Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites, and Mishraites. From these descended the Zorathites and Eshtaolites.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And the families of Kiriath-jearim: the Ithrites and the Puthites and the Shumathites and the Mishraites; from them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And the families of Kiriath-jearim: the Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites, and the Eshtaolites.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וְהַפּוּתִ֔י
Pûwthîy
H6336
“and · the · Puhites”
Conjunction + Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Particle + Noun
Type
Gentilic
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Absolute
Full BDB Definition

Origin: patronymically from an unused name meaning a hinge

TWOT: None

Puhites = "openess" - a family of Judah
  1. וּמִשְׁפְּחוֹת֙ mishpâchâh H4940 “and · families of” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct
  2. קִרְיַ֣ת Qiryath Yᵉʻârîym H7157 “Kirjath-jearim” Noun, Proper
  3. יְעָרִ֔ים Qiryath Yᵉʻârîym H7157 “Kirjath-jearim” Noun, Proper
  4. הַיִּתְרִי֙ Yithrîy H3505 “the · Ithrite” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  5. וְהַשֻּׁמָתִ֖י Shumâthîy H8126 “and · the · Shumathites” Conjunction + Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  6. וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִ֑י Mishrâʻîy H4954 “and · the · Mishraites” Conjunction + Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  7. מֵאֵ֗לֶּה ʼêl-leh H428 “from · these” Preposition + Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural
  8. יָצְאוּ֙ yâtsâʼ H3318 “to go out” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural
  9. הַצָּ֣רְעָתִ֔י Tsorʻîy H6882 “the · Zorites” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  10. וְהָאֶשְׁתָּ֖אֻֽלִֽי ʼEshtâʼulîy H848 “and · the · Eshtaulites” Conjunction + Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11
words
10
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

4 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

  • וְהַפּוּתִ֔י Puhites H6336
  • וְהַשֻּׁמָתִ֖י Shumathites H8126
  • וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִ֑י Mishraites H4954
  • וְהָאֶשְׁתָּ֖אֻֽלִֽי Eshtaulites H848

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • וְהַפּוּתִ֔י Puhites H6336
  • וְהַשֻּׁמָתִ֖י Shumathites H8126
  • וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִ֑י Mishraites H4954
  • הַצָּ֣רְעָתִ֔י Zorites H6882
  • וְהָאֶשְׁתָּ֖אֻֽלִֽי Eshtaulites H848

Shared distinctive vocabulary

הַצָּ֣רְעָתִ֔י Zorites H6882 occurs in 3 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 1 verb
  • 9 nouns
  • 1 pronoun

Verb forms

  • יָצְאוּ֙ Qal · Perfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • קִרְיַ֣ת Kirjath-jearim H7157 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 24 words from the Hebrew and 23 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

7

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 2:53 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Joshua 15:33 In the lowland, Eshtaol, and Zorah, and Ashnah,
  • Judges 13:2 There was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and didn't bear.
  • Judges 13:25 The Spirit of Yahweh began to move him in Mahaneh-dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
  • 2 Samuel 23:38 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
  • Joshua 19:41 The border of their inheritance was Zorah, and Eshtaol, and Irshemesh,
  • 1 Chronicles 11:40 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
  • Judges 16:31 Then his brothers and all the house of his father came down, and took him, and brought him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the burying-place of Manoah his father. He judged Israel twenty years.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 2:53 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּמִשְׁפְּחוֹת֙ קִרְיַ֣ת יְעָרִ֔ים הַיִּתְרִי֙ וְהַפּוּתִ֔י וְהַשֻּׁמָתִ֖י וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִ֑י מֵאֵ֗לֶּה יָצְאוּ֙ הַצָּ֣רְעָתִ֔י וְהָאֶשְׁתָּ֖אֻֽלִֽי

The families of Kiriath Jearim: The Ithrites, and the Puthites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 2:53 Septuagint · lemma form

εμοσφεως πόλις ιαϊρ αιθαλιμ καί μιφιθιμ καί ησαμαθιμ καί ημασαραϊμ ἐκ οὗτος ἐκἔρχομαι ὁ σαραθαῖοι καί ὁ εσθαωλαῖοι

and Umasphae, cities of Jair; Aethalim, and Miphithim, and Hesamathim, and Hemasaraim; from these went forth the Sarathaeans, and the sons of Esthaam.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 2:53 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Ch 2:53. The families of Kirjath-jearim; the Ithrites, &c. — The inhabitants of Kirjath-jearim were divided into several families, as Kimchi interprets it, and these here mentioned were the heads of families, denominated from Ithra or Jether, and Puhah, &c. As from Jimni came the family of the Jimnites, and from Beriah the Beriites, in Num 26:44. Of them came the Zareathites, &c. — Zarah and Eshtaul were two cities in the tribe of Judah, which were built by two persons of Kirjath-jearim of this name, who inhabited these places, and left two great families, who were from them called Zareathites and Eshtaulites.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 53. The families of Kirjath-jearim] "These were the children of Moses, which Zipporah bare to him, viz., the Jethrites, the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of these came the disciples of the prophets Zarah and Eshtaol." - T.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

53. Puhites] R.V. rightly Puthites.

Zareathites] R.V. Zorathites as in 1Ch_4:2, where the same family is mentioned again.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Kindred. Septuagint, "Oumasphas." (Haydock) --- Esthaolites. All these places were in Juda, (Calmet) or perhaps (Haydock) the two last in Dan, (Menochius) or occupied by both tribes. (Abulensis, q. 8.)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The families of Kirjath-jearim; or, in Kirjath-jearim; all which descended from Shobal, 1Ch 2:50.

Of them, i.e. of the family of the Mishraites, last mentioned.

The Eshtaulites; the inhabitants of two places called Zoreah and Eshtaol, Jos 15:33.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

And the families of Kirjath Jearim The inhabitants of Kirjath Jearim.

from these came the Zorathites and the Eshtaolites the inhabitants of Zorah and Eshtaol. Do not wonder that it is written (Judg. 13:25): “And the spirit of the Lord began to come upon him at times [in the camp of Dan] between Zorah and Eshtaol,” which means that these two towns belonged to the Danites, [which presents a difficulty] because all these stated here belonged to the Judahites. We can say [to solve this discrepancy that] the towns and the boundary that were between Zorah and Eshtaol belonged to Dan, but Zorah and Eshtaol themselves belonged to the Judahites.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 11 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Pûwthîy (“Puhites”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word Pûwthîy carries the sense “Puhites.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. 4 words here appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
  3. 5 words make their first appearance in Scripture here. What does this debut establish?
  4. How does 1 Chronicles 2:54, which shares the word «Zorites», read alongside this verse?
  5. What does the repetition of “Kirjath-jearim” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  6. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  7. «יָצְאוּ֙» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  8. Compare how Joseph Benson's Commentary and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

  • 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
  • 5 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
  • This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 18 Greek words.
  • These translations choose different wording for 13 words in this verse.
  • “Kirjath-jearim” occurs 2× in this single verse.

Reading settings

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Old Testament edition

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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