שָׁבַע
to swear
‘to swear’ is one of 2 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
Stem
- Niphal
- Usually the simple passive or reflexive of the Qal (“he was written”). Here: ‘subj. man’
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”). Here: ‘cause to take an oath’
Form
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Imperative
- A direct command (“write!”).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Infinitive Absolute
- An unbound verbal noun, often intensifying or standing in for a finite verb.
- Jussive
- A third- or second-person volitional form expressing wish or command (“let him write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H7650 appears in the Book of Deuteronomy — 33 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Deuteronomy
- Deuteronomy 1:8 נִשְׁבַּ֣ע Niphal pf 3ms Behold, I have set the land before you: go in and possess the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give to them and to their seed after them.
- Deuteronomy 1:34 וַ/יִּשָּׁבַ֥ע conj + Niphal wimpf 3ms Yahweh heard the voice of your words, and was angry, and swore, saying,
- Deuteronomy 1:35 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs Surely there shall not one of these men of this evil generation see the good land, which I swore to give to your fathers,
- Deuteronomy 2:14 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע Niphal pf 3ms The days in which we came from Kadesh-barnea, until we were come over the brook Zered, were thirty-eight years; until all the generation of the men of war were consumed from the midst of the camp, as Yahweh swore to them.
- Deuteronomy 4:21 וַ/יִּשָּׁבַ֗ע conj + Niphal wimpf 3ms Furthermore Yahweh was angry with me for your sakes, and swore that I should not go over the Jordan, and that I should not go in to that good land, which Yahweh your God gives you for an inheritance:
- Deuteronomy 4:31 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע Niphal pf 3ms for Yahweh your God is a merciful God; he will not fail you, neither destroy you, nor forget the covenant of your fathers which he swore to them.
- Deuteronomy 6:10 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע Niphal pf 3ms It shall be, when Yahweh your God shall bring you into the land which he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give you, great and goodly cities, which you didn't build,
- Deuteronomy 6:13 תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ Niphal impf 2ms You shall fear Yahweh your God; and him shall you serve, and shall swear by his name.
- Deuteronomy 6:18 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע Niphal pf 3ms You shall do that which is right and good in the sight of Yahweh; that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land which Yahweh swore to your fathers,
- Deuteronomy 6:23 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע Niphal pf 3ms and he brought us out from there, that he might bring us in, to give us the land which he swore to our fathers.
- Deuteronomy 7:8 נִשְׁבַּע֙ Niphal pf 3ms but because Yahweh loves you, and because he would keep the oath which he swore to your fathers, has Yahweh brought you out with a mighty hand, and redeemed you out of the house of bondage, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.
- Deuteronomy 7:12 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע Niphal pf 3ms It shall happen, because you listen to these ordinances, and keep and do them, that Yahweh your God will keep with you the covenant and the loving kindness which he swore to your fathers:
- Deuteronomy 7:13 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע Niphal pf 3ms and he will love you, and bless you, and multiply you; he will also bless the fruit of your body and the fruit of your ground, your grain and your new wine and your oil, the increase of your cattle and the young of your flock, in the land which he swore to your fathers to give you.
- Deuteronomy 8:1 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע Niphal pf 3ms All the commandment which I command you this day shall you observe to do, that you may live, and multiply, and go in and possess the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers.
- Deuteronomy 8:18 נִשְׁבַּ֥ע Niphal pf 3ms But you shall remember Yahweh your God, for it is he who gives you power to get wealth; that he may establish his covenant which he swore to your fathers, as at this day.
- Deuteronomy 9:5 נִשְׁבַּ֤ע Niphal pf 3ms Not for your righteousness, or for the uprightness of your heart, do you go in to possess their land; but for the wickedness of these nations Yahweh your God does drive them out from before you, and that he may establish the word which Yahweh swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
- Deuteronomy 10:11 נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs Yahweh said to me, Arise, take your journey before the people; and they shall go in and possess the land, which I swore to their fathers to give to them.
- Deuteronomy 10:20 תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ Niphal impf 2ms You shall fear Yahweh your God; him shall you serve; and to him shall you cleave, and by his name shall you swear.
- Deuteronomy 11:9 נִשְׁבַּ֨ע Niphal pf 3ms and that you may prolong your days in the land, which Yahweh swore to your fathers to give to them and to their seed, a land flowing with milk and honey.
- Deuteronomy 11:21 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע Niphal pf 3ms that your days may be multiplied, and the days of your children, in the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers to give them, as the days of the heavens above the earth.
- Deuteronomy 13:17 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע Niphal pf 3ms There shall cleave nothing of the devoted thing to your hand; that Yahweh may turn from the fierceness of his anger, and show you mercy, and have compassion on you, and multiply you, as he has sworn to your fathers;
- Deuteronomy 19:8 נִשְׁבַּ֖ע Niphal pf 3ms If Yahweh your God enlarge your border, as he has sworn to your fathers, and give you all the land which he promised to give to your fathers;
- Deuteronomy 26:3 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע Niphal pf 3ms You shall come to the priest who shall be in those days, and tell him, I profess this day to Yahweh your God, that I am come to the land which Yahweh swore to our fathers to give us.
- Deuteronomy 26:15 נִשְׁבַּ֨עְתָּ֙ Niphal pf 2ms Look down from your holy habitation, from heaven, and bless your people Israel, and the ground which you have given us, as you swore to our fathers, a land flowing with milk and honey.
- Deuteronomy 28:9 נִֽשְׁבַּֽע Niphal pf 3ms Yahweh will establish you for a holy people to himself, as he has sworn to you; if you shall keep the commandments of Yahweh your God, and walk in his ways.
- Deuteronomy 28:11 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע Niphal pf 3ms Yahweh will make you plenteous for good, in the fruit of your body, and in the fruit of your cattle, and in the fruit of your ground, in the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers to give you.
- Deuteronomy 29:13 נִשְׁבַּע֙ Niphal pf 3ms that he may establish you this day to himself for a people, and that he may be to you a God, as he spoke to you, and as he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
- Deuteronomy 30:20 נִשְׁבַּ֨ע Niphal pf 3ms to love Yahweh your God, to obey his voice, and to cleave to him; for he is your life, and the length of your days; that you may dwell in the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give them.
- Deuteronomy 31:7 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע Niphal pf 3ms Moses called to Joshua, and said to him in the sight of all Israel, Be strong and of good courage: for you shall go with this people into the land which Yahweh has sworn to their fathers to give them; and you shall cause them to inherit it.
- Deuteronomy 31:20 נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs For when I shall have brought them into the land which I swore to their fathers, flowing with milk and honey, and they shall have eaten and filled themselves, and grown fat; then will they turn to other gods, and serve them, and despise me, and break my covenant.
- Deuteronomy 31:21 נִשְׁבָּֽעְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs It shall happen, when many evils and troubles are come on them, that this song shall testify before them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed: for I know their imagination which they frame this day, before I have brought them into the land which I swore.
- Deuteronomy 31:23 נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs He gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of good courage; for you shall bring the children of Israel into the land which I swore to them: and I will be with you.
- Deuteronomy 34:4 נִ֠שְׁבַּעְתִּי Niphal pf 1cs Yahweh said to him, This is the land which I swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, saying, I will give it to your seed: I have caused you to see it with your eyes, but you shall not go over there.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
שבע (shâbaʻ) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to swear.” The King James Version usually renders it “sware,” while modern versions prefer “swore” (unfoldingWord Literal Text) — see the renderings breakdown. With 174 verses in 27 books, it is a common word in the Hebrew Bible. Debuting at Genesis 21:23, it then recurs through the corpus. The verb spans 3 stems, from Qal to Niphal. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7650 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 174
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 174 distinct verses.
- 27 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 27 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #252
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 252 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 174 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Deuteronomy 33 verses 19%
- Genesis 17 verses 10%
- Joshua 15 verses 9%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 174 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 81 verses · 47%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 67 verses · 39%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 26 verses · 15%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Sware 33×, Swear 19×, I sware 15×
- American Standard Version: Sware 28×, Swear 17×, He sware 13×
- Berean Standard Bible: Swear 20×, Swore 17×, He swore 11×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Swore 26×, Swear 23×, He swore 18×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7650 across 189 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 49 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7650 across 189 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 58 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7650 across 185 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 50 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7650 across 223 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 41 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
9 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 9 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- (according to Thes Rob Ges) Pt. pass. שְׁבֻעֵי שְׁבֻעוֹת Ez 21:28 those sworn with (= who have sworn) oaths; both from שְׁבוּעָה, according to Krae, oaths of oaths (the most sacred); 𝔊 𝔖 Co om.; both from שָׁבוּעַ, Ew Sm שׁ׳ שָׁ׳ weeks on weeks (plenty of time). e.g. Ezekiel 21:28
Niphal
- Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁבַּע Gn 24:7 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁבַע Lv 5:24 +, וַיִּשָּׁ֫בַע Gn 24:9 +; 2 ms. תִּשָּׁבִ֑עַ Dt 6:13; 10:20; 1 s. אִשָּׁב֑עַ Gn 21:24, וָאֶשָּׁ֫בַע 1 K 2:8; Ez 16:8, etc.; Imv. ms. הִשָּֽׁבְעָה Gn 21:23 +, etc.; Inf. abs. הִשָּׁבַע Nu 30:3, הִשָּׁבֵעַ Je 7:9; cstr. הִשָּׁבֵעַ Je 12:16(×2) + 1 S 20:17 v. infra; Pt. נִשְׁבָּע Zc 5:3 +, etc.;—swear, take an oath: e.g. Genesis 24:7
- 1. subj. man:
- a. in asseveration, abs. Gn 21:24, 31 (E), Ju 21:1, 18; 2 S 21:2 +; also sq. וַיֹּאמֶר 1 S 20:3; 1 K 1:29, sq. לֵאמֹר 2 S 3:35; Jos 14:9 (D); c. acc. cogn. Nu 30:3 (P; ‖ נָדַר); + לַשֶּׁקֶר Je 5:2; 7:9; Lv 5:24 (P; + עַל rei), Mal 3:5; + על־שׁ׳ Lv 5:22 (P); + לְמִרְמָה ψ 24:4; sq. inf. Lv 5:4 (P), ψ 15:4; 119:106; + ל pers. take an oath to, Jos 6:22 (JE), 9:20 (P; acc. cogn.) Gn 24:9 (+ עַל־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה) +, so also 1 S 20:17 (read לְהִשָּׁבֵעַ אֶל־ for לְהַשְׁבְּיעַ אֶת־, 𝔊 𝔙 Th We Dr al.); oath of allegiance (לי׳) Is 19:18; 45:23 Zp 1:5; 2 Ch 15:14, cf. (abs.) v 15 (Jos 23:7 v. Hiph.); also sq. וַיֹּאמֶר 2 K 25:24; sq. לֵאמֹר 2 S 21:17; 1 K 1:13; Je 40:9; sq. פֶּן = that not Ju 15:12, sq. אִם = id. 1 K 1:51; + אֶל pers. sq. לֵאמֹר Je 38:16; + בי׳ by י׳, sq. inf. Ju 21:7; + בְּשֵׁם י׳ 1 S 20:42; Is 48:1, cf. Gn 31:53 (E), Dt 6:13; 10:20; Je 12:16 (+ חַי־י׳), Is 65:16; Zc 5:4 (לַשָּׁ֑קְר), Lv 19:12 (id.), ψ 63:12; Dn 12:7; + בי׳ sq. אִם 2 S 19:8; + ל pers. c. בי׳ Jos 9:18, 19 (P; pledge faith), sq. לֵאמֹר 1 S 28:10; 1 K 1:30; 2:8, 23, sq. כִּי of obj. cl. Jos 2:12 (JE), 1 K 1:17; + ל pers. c. בא׳, sq. אִם Gn 21:23 (E), 1 S 30:15; as vb. of quotation + obj. חַי־י׳ Ho 4:15 Je 4:2; 1 S 19:6 (+ אִם), + אִם in orat. recta ψ 132:2 (‖ נָדַר); also + בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים Je 5:7, בַּבָּ֑עַל 12:16, בְּמַלְכָּם Zp 1:5, cf. Am 8:14 (+ וְאָמַר). e.g. Genesis 21:24
- b. imprecate, curse, בִּ׳ by me ψ 102:9 (cf. שְׁבוּעָה 1 b, קְלָלָה). e.g. Psalms 102:9
- 2. subj. י׳: swear, c. בִּי by myself Gn 22:16 (JE), Je 22:5 (cl. כִּי), 49:13 (id.), Is 45:23 (id.), c. בְּקָדְשׁוֹ Am 4:2 (id.), cf. ψ 89:36 (‖ אִם אֲכַזֵּב), cf. also Am 6:8; 8:7; Je 44:26; 51:14; Is 62:8; swear, sq. inf. Dt 1:35; 4:21; Jos 21:41 (van d. H. Baer; v 43 Gi), sq. מִן inf. = not to Is 54:9(×2), sq. אִם ψ 95:11, sq. לֵאמֹר Dt 1:34; Is 14:24; Nu 32:10 (P); sq. orat. recta ψ 110:4; c. ל pers. take an oath to, Gn 24:7 (J), Ex 13:11 (J), Dt 2:14 + 7 times Dt. (acc. cogn. 7:8; 9:5), Ez 16:8 (‖ בּוֹא בִבְרִית), ψ 89:4 (‖ כָּרַת בְּרִית), v 50 (בֶּאֱמוּנָתֶ֑ךָ), +; ל pers. + inf. (usually to give land) Ex 13:5 (J), Dt 1:8 + 9 times Dt, Jos 1:6; 5:6(×2) (all RD), Je 11:5 (+ acc. cogn.), 32:22; ל pers. + acc. rei (usually land) = promise by oath to Gn 50:24; Ex 33:1; Nu 11:12 (all J), 14:16, 23 (JE), 32:11 (P), Ju 2:1; Mi 7:20; Dt 6:18 + 8 times Dt (obj. covenant 4:31; 8:18); ל pers. om. Dt 31:21. e.g. Genesis 22:16
Hiphil
- Perf. 3 ms. הִשְׁבִּיעַ Ex 13:19 + 1 s. הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי Ct 2:7 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּשְׁבַּע Gn 50:25 + sf. וַיַּשְׁבִּעֵנִי Gn 24:37, etc.; Inf. abs. הַשְׁבֵּעַ Ex 13:19; 1 S 14:28; cstr. הַשְׁבִּיעַ 1 S 14:27 (20:17 v. Niph.); Pt. sf. מַשְׁבִּיעֶ֑ךָ 1 K 22:16 = 2 Ch 18:15;— e.g. Exodus 13:19
- 1. cause to take an oath, subj. always man: c. acc. pers. Gn 50:6 (J), 1 S 14:27; 1 K 18:10; 2 K 11:4, + acc. cogn. Jos 2:17, 20 (J), + לֵאמֹר Gn 24:37; 50:5 (both J), v 25 (E), Jos 6:26 (J; acc. pers. om.), so (Inf. abs. + Pf.) Ex 13:19 (JE), 1 S 14:28, + וְאָמַר Nu 5:19 and (c. acc. cogn.) v 21 (both P), + inf. cl. Ne 5:12; Ezr 10:5; + בי׳ by י׳ Gn 24:3 (J; cl. אֲשֶׁר), 1 K 2:42 (‖ וָאָעִד בְּךָ, + לֵאמֹר), cf. Jos 23:7 (RD; but read perhaps Niph. תִּשָּֽׁבְעוּ Gr al.; 𝔊 del.), Ne 13:25 (cl. אִם, orat. recta), 2 Ch 36:13. e.g. Genesis 50:6
- 2. adjure, c. acc. pers. 1 K 22:16 = 2 Ch 18:15 (both + cl. אֲשֶׁר); elsewhere only Ct: 5:9, c. cl. מַה־ interrog. v 8, c. cl. אִם that not 2:7; 3:5 (both + ב of oath), = cl. מַה־ 8:4 (v. מָה 2 a (b)).—1 S 20:17 v. Niph. e.g. 1 Kings 22:16
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
vb. swear (prob., so to say, seven oneself, or bind oneself by seven things, cf. Thes (as altern.), Gerb 108 ff.; NH Niph. = BH; 𝔗 שְׁבַע Ithpe. Aph.; v. also Dr Gn 21:28 KöHast.DB number, 565 RSSem. i. 166, 2nd ed., 182 We Reste ArabicHeid. 2, 186);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
שֶׁבַע
- (b. h.) seven. Snh. V, 1, v. חֲקִירָה. Ib. 3 בש׳ (sub שעות) at seven hours of the day. Ab. V, 7. Lam. R. introd. (R. Josh. 2) ש׳ מש׳ seven times seven; a. v. fr.—בנות ש׳, ברת ש׳, v. בַּת I a. בְּרַת I.—Esp. שִׁבְעָה (sub. ימים) Shib ah, the seven days of mourning for a near relative. M. Kat. 20ᵃ, v. שְׁלֹשָׁה; a. fr.—Y. M. Kat. III, 82ᶜ; v. שָׁמַר.—Pl. שִׁבְעִים seventy. Snh. V, 5 עד ש׳ ואחד (add to the members of the court,) until they number seventy-one. Ab. Zar. 11ᵇ אחת לש׳ שנה once every seventy years; a. v. fr.
שְׁבַע
- Targ. Gen. V, 7. Ib. IV, 24 (O. ed. Vien. שִׁבְעָה). Ib. XXIX, 27. Targ. Y. II, Num. XI, 26 שׁוֹבְעָתֵי; a. fr.—Y. Kil. IV, beg. 29ᵃ חמש שורין מן שו׳ שו׳ five rows of seven trees each. Y. Sabb. I, 3ᶜ bot. אלו שגזרו … שובעה אינון those laws which they decreed by majority of votes, were seven; a. fr.—Pl. שַׁבְעִין, שִׁבְ׳, שׁוּבְ׳ seventy. Targ. Gen. V, 12; a. fr.
שָׁבַע
- , Nif. נִשְׁבַּע (b. h.) to be sworn, to swear. Shebu. III, 6 נ׳ לבטל וכ׳ if a person swears that he will omit to perform a commandment. Ib. VI, 4 אין נִשְׁבָּעִין על וכ׳ no oath is imposed in refutation of a claim of a deaf and mute, or of an insane person, or of a minor, nor do we administer an oath to a (claimant) minor, אבל נשבעין לקטן וכ׳ but you must make oath when suing a minor or the sacred treasury. Ib. 7 ומי נ׳ מי … שמא יִשָּׁבַע זה וכ׳ which of them is first admitted to an oath? He with whom the (lost) pledge was deposited, lest this one (the debtor) swear (to the value of the pledge), and the other produce the pledge (and prove him a perjurer). Ib. VII, 1 כל הנשבעין שבתורה נשבעין וכ׳ all those bound to swear according to Biblical law swear and are free from payment, but the following swear and receive (are awarded their claim). Ib. 32ᵇ ואינו יכול לִישָּׁבֵעַ, v. שְׁבוּעָה; a. fr.
- to adjure; to impose, administer an oath. Ib. IV, 3 אמרו אין אנו … מַשְׁבִּיעַ אני עליכם וכ׳ if they say, we know no testimony in thy case, (and he says,) I adjure you, and they say, Amen: they are guilty (if they could testify). Ib. ה׳ עליהן … חוץ וכ׳ if he adjured them five times out of court, and coming before court they confess (that they know testimony), they are acquitted. Ib. VIII, 2 מַשְׁבִּיעֲךָ אני וכ׳ I adjure thee, and he says, Amen. Ib. 29ᵃ; 39ᵃ, a. e. וכשמַשְׁבִּיעִין אותו … אנו משביעין אותך וכ׳ and when the court administers an oath to him, they say to him, know that we cause thee to swear not in thy sense, but in the sense of God and in the sense of the court; a. fr.—Part. pass. מוּשְׁבָּע; pl. מוּשְׁבָּעִין. Ib. 31ᵃ מ׳ מפי עצמו one who is sworn on his own demand (in his own case); מ׳ מפי אחרים one who is sworn on other people’s demands (as a supposed witness that claims ignorance). Ib. III, 6 הרשות שאינו מ׳ עליה מהר סיני a religiously indifferent act, on which he is not sworn from Mount Sinai; מצוה שהוא מ׳ וכ׳ a religious act on which he is sworn &c. Ib. 21ᵇ; 22ᵇ, v. סִינַי; a. fr.
שְׁבַע II
- Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּבַּע, Ithpe. אִשְׁתְּבַע, אִישְּׁבַע as preced. Nif. Targ. Lev. V, 22; 24. Targ. Jer. V, 2; a. fr.— Shebu. 29ᵃ ודילמא … וכי קא מִשְׁתַּבַּע אדעתא דיריה א׳ perhaps that man saw a huge bird and called it gamla (camel), and when he swore (that he saw a camel fly in the air), he swore in his sense. Ib. דכי קא משתבע … קא משתבע so that when he swears (that he has paid the money), he swears to the truth in his sense (having given him tokens, v. אִיסְקוּנְדְּרֵי). Ib. 32ᵇ אי … הוה מִשְׁתַּבַּעְנָא וכ if thou hadst come and testified for me, I should have been assigned an oath and received my claim; מי יימר דמִשְׁתַּבְּעַת who can say that thou wouldst have made oath? Ib. לִישְׁתַּבַּע shall he be admitted to an oath? Ib. 26ᵃ ואנא בשיקרא אִישְׁתַּבְּעִי and have I sworn falsely?; a. fr.
- as preced. Hif. Targ. Y. II, Ex. XIII, 19 [read:] מִשְׁבָּע אַשְׁבַּע. Targ. Cant. II, 7. Targ. Cant. II, 4; a. e.—Shebu. 36ᵃ אַשְׁבְּעִינְהוּ ולייטינהו he made them swear, and also pronounced a curse upon them. Ib. 41ᵃ לא מַשְׁבְּעִינָן ליה we do not put him to an oath; a. fr.
שָׂבֵעַ I
- next w.) sated, filled, satisfied. Gitt. 56ᵃ יוצא כשהוא ש׳, v. רָעֵב I. Lev. R. s. 34 לשְׂבֵעוֹ וכ׳, v. רָעֵב I; a. fr.—Pl. שְׂבֵעִים, שְׂבֵעִין, שְׂבֵי׳. Joma 74ᵇ סומין … ואינו ש׳ blind persons eat and are not satisfied. Taan. 10ᵇ אל תראו עצמיכם בפני בני עשו … כאילו אתם ש׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) make no show of your plenty before the sons of Esau or of Ishmael, lest they envy you; Yalk. Gen. 148; a. e.—Fem. שְׂבֵעָה, שְׂבֵי׳. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᶜ top the Lord allows the righteous in this world to see their (future) reward, ונפשם ש׳ וכ׳ and they feel satisfied and go to sleep; a. e.—Pl. שְׂבֵעוֹת, שְׂבֵי׳. Midr. Sam. ch. XIII (ref. to I Sam. IX, 12, sq.) וכל האורך הזה … ולא היו ש׳ ממנו why this lengthy speech? It intimates that they looked at the beauty of Saul and could not see enough of it; a. e. e.g. 1 Samuel 9:12
שָׂבֵעַ II
- to be filled, to have plenty, be satisfied. Sabb. 113ᵇ (ref. to Ruth II, 14) ותאכל בעולם הזה ותִשְׂבַּע וכ׳ she (Israel) will eat in this world, will have plenty in the Messianic days, and leave over for the hereafter. Succ. 52ᵇ, v. רָעֵב II; a. e. e.g. Ruth 2:14
- to satisfy. Gen. R. s. 76, end כדי להַשְׂבִּיעַ עיניו וכ׳ in order to satisfy the eyes of the wicked man. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵇ הִשְׂבִּיעָתוֹ; Succ. l. c. מַשְׂבִּיעוֹ, v. רָעֵב II. Snh. 100ᵃ; a. fr.—Ib. 29ᵇ אדם עשוי שלא להשביע את עצמו man is wont not to declare himself wealthy (to disclaim wealth, by saying that he is in debt, even if he is not); כשם שאדם … שלא להשביע את בניו as man is wont to disclaim wealth for himself, so is he likely to disclaim it for his heirs (therefore an ante-mortem confession of indebtedness does not establish a claim against heirs).
- same.—Part. pass. מְשׂוּבָּע. Lev. R. s. 29 (play on השביעי, Lev. XXIII, 24) שהוא מש׳ בכל וכ׳ a month which is plentiful in every thing &c. e.g. Leviticus 23:24
- to be satiated, sick. Num. R. s. 14 עתיד להִשְׂתַּבּעַ, v. סִיג I.
שְׂבַע
- , to be satisfied, saturated. Targ. O. Ex. XVI, 8 למִיסְבַּע ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. למִישְׂ׳); Y. למִשְׂבּוֹעַ. Targ. Ps. CIV, 16 (Ms. ס׳); a. fr.—Part. שְׂבִיעַ, שְׂבַע, סְ׳; f. שָׂבְעָא, סָ׳. Targ. Prov. XXX, 22 דשביע ed. Lag. (Ms. דסביע; ed. Wil. דיִשְׂבַּע). Targ. Job XLII, 17. Targ. Gen. XXV, 8. Targ. Prov. XXVII, 7; a. fr.—Pesik. R. s. 16; Pesik. Eth Korb., p. 57ᵇ, a. e., v. רְוֵי; a. e.
- ; Af. אַשְׂבַּע, אַסְ׳ to satisfy. Targ. Ps. XC, 14. Ib. CVII, 9; a. fr.—Taan. 24ᵃ רחמנא לִישַׂבְּעָךְ … דאַשְׂבְּעָן ברך the Lord satisfy thee, as thy son has satisfied us. Yoma 79ᵇ שַׂבּוּעֵי מְשַׂבְּעא is enough to satisfy the appetite. Gitt. 70ᵃ תמרי מְשַׂבְּעַן וכ׳ dates satisfy, heat &c.; Keth. 10ᵇ; a. e.
- (cmp. צָבָה) to be swollen. Esth. R. to III, 14 א׳ קרסוליה (omitted in Yalk. ib. 1056) his ankle was swollen.
שָׂבָע
- , v. שׂוֹבַע, שׂוֹבְעָא, a. סִבְעָא.
שׂוֹבַע
- plenty, satiation. Ber. 55ᵃ שלשה דברים … רעב וש׳ וכ׳ three things does the Lord himself announce: famine, plenty, and a good leader. Tosef. Pes. V, 3 חגיגה … פסח נאכל בש׳ (Var. על הש׳) the pilgrim’s sacrifice … must be eaten first, so that the Passover offering be eaten after the appetite is satisfied; Y. ib. VI, 33ᶜ לָשׂבַע; Bab. ib. 70ᵃ על השבע. Gen. R. s. 91 שני השָ׳ the years of plenty. Snh. 97ᵃ ש׳ ואינו ש׳ plenty and no plenty (partial plenty); ש׳ גדול general plenty; a. fr.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 113 distinct written forms H7650 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 53 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7650, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 167 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 174 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 21:23
- Exodus 13:5
- Leviticus 5:4
- Numbers 5:19
- Deuteronomy 1:8
- Joshua 1:6
- Judges 2:1
- 1 Samuel 3:14
- 2 Samuel 3:9
- 1 Kings 1:13
- 2 Kings 11:4
- 2 Chronicles 15:14
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
