καί
and
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Conjunction
- A joining word linking words or clauses.
Every verse where G2532 appears in the Book of James — 71 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
James
- James 1:1 καὶ conj James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes which are in the Dispersion: Greetings.
- James 1:4 καὶ conj Let endurance have its perfect work, that you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.
- James 1:5 καὶ καὶ conj conj But if any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach; and it will be given to him.
- James 1:6 καὶ conj But let him ask in faith, without any doubting, for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea, driven by the wind and tossed.
- James 1:11 καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj conj For the sun arises with the scorching wind, and withers the grass, and the flower in it falls, and the beauty of its appearance perishes. So also will the rich man fade away in his pursuits.
- James 1:14 καὶ conj But each one is tempted, when he is drawn away by his own lust, and enticed.
- James 1:17 καὶ conj Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom can be no variation, nor turning shadow.
- James 1:21 καὶ conj Therefore, putting away all filthiness and overflowing of wickedness, receive with humility the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.
- James 1:22 καὶ conj But be doers of the word, and not only hearers, deluding your own selves.
- James 1:23 καὶ conj For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man beholding his natural face in a mirror;
- James 1:24 καὶ καὶ conj conj for he sees himself, and goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was.
- James 1:25 καὶ conj But he who looks into the perfect law, the law of freedom, and continues, not being a hearer who forgets but a doer of the work, this man will be blessed in what he does.
- James 1:27 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj Pure religion and undefiled before our God and Father is this: to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.
- James 2:2 καὶ conj For if a man with a gold ring, in fine clothing, comes into your assembly, and a poor man in filthy clothing also comes in;
- James 2:3 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj and you pay special attention to him who wears the fine clothing, and say, "Sit here in a good place;" and you tell the poor man, "Stand there," or "Sit by my footstool;"
- James 2:4 καὶ conj haven't you shown partiality among yourselves, and become judges with evil thoughts?
- James 2:5 καὶ conj Listen, my beloved brothers. Didn't God choose those who are poor in this world to be rich in faith, and heirs of the Kingdom which he promised to those who love him?
- James 2:6 καὶ conj But you have dishonored the poor man. Don't the rich oppress you, and personally drag you before the courts?
- James 2:11 καί conj For he who said, "Do not commit adultery," said also, "Do not commit murder." Now if you do not commit adultery, but murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.
- James 2:12 καὶ conj So speak, and so do, as men who are to be judged by a law of freedom.
- James 2:15 καὶ conj And if a brother or sister is naked and in lack of daily food,
- James 2:16 καὶ conj and one of you tells them, "Go in peace, be warmed and filled;" and yet you didn't give them the things the body needs, what good is it?
- James 2:17 καὶ conj Even so faith, if it has no works, is dead in itself.
- James 2:19 καὶ καὶ conj conj You believe that God is one. You do well. The demons also believe, and shudder.
- James 2:22 καὶ conj You see that faith worked with his works, and by works faith was perfected;
- James 2:23 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, "Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him as righteousness;" and he was called the friend of God.
- James 2:24 καὶ conj You see then that by works, a man is justified, and not only by faith.
- James 2:25 καὶ καὶ conj conj In like manner wasn't Rahab the prostitute also justified by works, in that she received the messengers, and sent them out another way?
- James 2:26 καὶ conj For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead.
- James 3:2 καὶ conj For in many things we all stumble. If anyone doesn't stumble in word, the same is a perfect man, able to bridle the whole body also.
- James 3:3 καὶ conj Indeed, we put bits into the horses' mouths so that they may obey us, and we guide their whole body.
- James 3:4 καὶ καὶ conj conj Behold, the ships also, though they are so big and are driven by fierce winds, are yet guided by a very small rudder, wherever the pilot desires.
- James 3:5 καὶ καὶ conj conj So the tongue is also a little member, and boasts great things. See how a small fire can spread to a large forest!
- James 3:6 καὶ καὶ conj conj And the tongue is a fire. The world of iniquity among our members is the tongue, which defiles the whole body, and sets on fire the course of nature, and is set on fire by Gehenna.
- James 3:7 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj For every kind of animal, bird, creeping thing, and thing in the sea, is tamed, and has been tamed by mankind.
- James 3:9 καὶ καὶ conj conj With it we bless our God and Father, and with it we curse men, who are made in the image of God.
- James 3:10 καὶ conj Out of the same mouth comes forth blessing and cursing. My brothers, these things ought not to be so.
- James 3:11 καὶ conj Does a spring send out from the same opening fresh and bitter water?
- James 3:13 καὶ conj Who is wise and understanding among you? Let him show by his good conduct that his deeds are done in gentleness of wisdom.
- James 3:14 καὶ καὶ conj conj But if you have bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your heart, don't boast and don't lie against the truth.
- James 3:16 καὶ καὶ conj conj For where jealousy and selfish ambition are, there is confusion and every evil deed.
- James 3:17 καὶ conj But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceful, gentle, reasonable, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy.
- James 4:1 καὶ conj Where do wars and fightings among you come from? Don't they come from your pleasures that war in your members?
- James 4:2 καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj conj conj You lust, and don't have. You kill, covet, and can't obtain. You fight and make war. You don't have, because you don't ask.
- James 4:3 καὶ conj You ask, and don't receive, because you ask with wrong motives, so that you may spend it for your pleasures.
- James 4:7 καὶ conj Be subject therefore to God. But resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
- James 4:8 καὶ καὶ conj conj Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and purify your hearts, you double-minded.
- James 4:9 καὶ καὶ conj conj Lament, mourn, and weep. Let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to gloom.
- James 4:10 καὶ conj Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you.
- James 4:11 καὶ conj Don't speak against one another, brothers. He who speaks against a brother and judges his brother, speaks against the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law, but a judge.
- James 4:12 καὶ καὶ conj conj Only one is the lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy. But who are you to judge another?
- James 4:13 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj Come now, you who say, "Today or tomorrow let's go into this city, and spend a year there, trade, and make a profit."
- James 4:14 καὶ conj Whereas you don't know what your life will be like tomorrow. For what is your life? For you are a vapor, that appears for a little time, and then vanishes away.
- James 4:15 καὶ καὶ conj conj For you ought to say, "If the Lord wills, we will both live, and do this or that."
- James 4:17 καὶ conj To him therefore who knows to do good, and doesn't do it, to him it is sin.
- James 5:2 καὶ conj Your riches are corrupted and your garments are moth-eaten.
- James 5:3 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj Your gold and your silver are corroded, and their corrosion will be for a testimony against you, and will eat your flesh like fire. You have laid up your treasure in the last days.
- James 5:4 καὶ conj Behold, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you have kept back by fraud, cry out, and the cries of those who reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Hosts.
- James 5:5 καὶ conj You have lived delicately on the earth, and taken your pleasure. You have nourished your hearts as in a day of slaughter.
- James 5:7 καὶ conj Be patient therefore, brothers, until the coming of the Lord. Behold, the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, being patient over it, until it receives the early and late rain.
- James 5:8 καὶ conj You also be patient. Establish your hearts, for the coming of the Lord is at hand.
- James 5:10 καὶ conj Take, brothers, for an example of suffering and of patience, the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord.
- James 5:11 καὶ καὶ conj conj Behold, we call them blessed who endured. You have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the Lord in the outcome, and how the Lord is full of compassion and mercy.
- James 5:12 καὶ conj But above all things, my brothers, don't swear, neither by heaven, nor by the earth, nor by any other oath; but let your "yes" be "yes," and your "no," "no;" so that you don't fall into hypocrisy.
- James 5:14 καὶ conj Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the assembly, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord,
- James 5:15 καὶ καὶ conj conj and the prayer of faith will heal him who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up. If he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.
- James 5:16 καὶ conj Confess your offenses to one another, and pray one for another, that you may be healed. The effective, earnest prayer of a righteous man is powerfully effective.
- James 5:17 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj Elijah was a man with a nature like ours, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain, and it didn't rain on the earth for three years and six months.
- James 5:18 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj He prayed again, and the sky gave rain, and the earth brought forth its fruit.
- James 5:19 καὶ conj Brothers, if any among you wanders from the truth, and someone turns him back,
- James 5:20 καὶ conj let him know that he who turns a sinner from the error of his way will save a soul from death, and will cover a multitude of sins.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, και (kaí) means “and.” Scripture first uses it in Matthew 1:2. With 5,125 verses in 27 books, it is one of the most common word in the Greek New Testament. Sharing its root, it stands alongside καγω, καιγε and καιπερ. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G2532 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 5,125
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 5,125 distinct verses.
- 27 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 27 of 27 New Testament books.
- #2
- by frequency
- Top 10 most frequent Greek words (rank 2 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 5,125 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 5,125 distinct verses.
- Gospels 2,619 verses · 51%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 1,489 verses · 29%
- Pauline corpus 1,026 verses · 20%
- Johannine 995 verses · 19%
- Revelation 370 verses · 7%
- General (Catholic) Epistles 277 verses · 5%
- Hebrews 173 verses · 3%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: And 8,097×, Also 500×, Even 101×
- American Standard Version: And 7,750×, Also 433×, Even 110×
- Berean Standard Bible: And 5,240×, Then 278×, Also 156×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: And 7,949×, Also 596×, But 132×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 9,091 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 72 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 156 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 8,928 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 227 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 83 further occurrences.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 6,415 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 44 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 2,467 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G2532 across 9,016 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 20 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- and, also, even, indeed, but Frequency count based on 1894 Scrivener Greek New Testament.
Word origin
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
Apparently a primary particle having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and also even so then too etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words : - and also both but even for if indeed likewise moreover or so that then therefore when yea yet.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 5 distinct written forms G2532 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| καὶ kaì | Conjunction | Matthew 1:2 | 8,661 |
| Καὶ Kaì | Conjunction | Matthew 4:21 | 274 |
| καί kaí | Conjunction | Matthew 15:4 | 29 |
| Καί Kaí | Conjunction | Luke 19:39 | 4 |
| και kai | Conjunction | John 7:53 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G2532, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
- καγω kagṓ G2504 and I
- καιγε kaíge G2534 and indeed
- καιπερ kaíper G2539 although
- καιτοι kaítoi G2543 and yet
- κακει kakeî G2546 and there
- κακειθεν kakeîthen G2547 of place
- κακεινος kakeînos G2548 and he
- καν kán G2579 and if
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 9 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word και appears 47,643 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 18,587 verses in 38 books.
- 47,643
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 18,587
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 38 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 38 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 1:1 καί
- Exodus 1:3 καί
- Leviticus 1:1 καί
- Numbers 1:1 καί
- Deuteronomy 1:1 καί
- Joshua 1:1 καί
- Judges 1:1 καί
- Ruth 1:1 καί
- 1 Samuel 1:1 καί
- 2 Samuel 1:1 καί
- 1 Kings 1:1 καί
- 2 Kings 1:1 καί
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G2532) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 18,587. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 1:1 καί In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
- Genesis 1:2 καί Now the earth was formless and empty. Darkness was on the surface of the deep. God's Spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.
- Genesis 1:3 καί God said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
- Genesis 1:4 καί God saw the light, and saw that it was good. God divided the light from the darkness.
- Genesis 1:5 καί God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. There was evening and there was morning, one day.
- Genesis 1:6 καί God said, "Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters."
- Genesis 1:7 καί God made the expanse, and divided the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse, and it was so.
- Genesis 1:8 καί God called the expanse sky. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
- Genesis 1:9 καί God said, "Let the waters under the sky be gathered together to one place, and let the dry land appear," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:10 καί God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters he called Seas. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:11 καί God said, "Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit after their kind, with its seed in it, on the earth," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:12 καί The earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, with its seed in it, after their kind: and God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:13 καί There was evening and there was morning, a third day.
- Genesis 1:14 καί God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of sky to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years;
- Genesis 1:15 καί and let them be for lights in the expanse of sky to give light on the earth," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:16 καί God made the two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He also made the stars.
- Genesis 1:17 καί God set them in the expanse of sky to give light to the earth,
- Genesis 1:18 καί and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:19 καί There was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
- Genesis 1:20 καί God said, "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of sky."
- Genesis 1:21 καί God created the large sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed, after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:22 καί God blessed them, saying, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth."
- Genesis 1:23 καί There was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.
- Genesis 1:24 καί God said, "Let the earth bring forth living creatures after their kind, cattle, creeping things, and animals of the earth after their kind," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:25 καί God made the animals of the earth after their kind, and the cattle after their kind, and everything that creeps on the ground after its kind. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:26 καί God said, "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the sky, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth."
- Genesis 1:27 καί God created man in his own image. In God's image he created him; male and female he created them.
- Genesis 1:28 καί God blessed them. God said to them, "Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the sky, and over every living thing that moves on the earth."
- Genesis 1:29 καί God said, "Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed, which is on the surface of all the earth, and every tree, which bears fruit yielding seed. It will be your food.
- Genesis 1:30 καί To every animal of the earth, and to every bird of the sky, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food." And it was so.
- Genesis 1:31 καί God saw everything that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. There was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.
- Genesis 2:1 καί The heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
- Genesis 2:2 καί On the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
- Genesis 2:3 καί God blessed the seventh day, and made it holy, because he rested in it from all his work which he had created and made.
- Genesis 2:4 καί This is the history of the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that Yahweh God made earth and the heavens.
- Genesis 2:5 καί No plant of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for Yahweh God had not caused it to rain on the earth. There was not a man to till the ground,
- Genesis 2:6 καί but a mist went up from the earth, and watered the whole surface of the ground.
- Genesis 2:7 καί Yahweh God formed man from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
- Genesis 2:8 καί Yahweh God planted a garden eastward, in Eden, and there he put the man whom he had formed.
- Genesis 2:9 καί Out of the ground Yahweh God made every tree to grow that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
- Genesis 2:12 καί and the gold of that land is good. There is aromatic resin and the onyx stone.
- Genesis 2:13 καί The name of the second river is Gihon: the same river that flows through the whole land of Cush.
- Genesis 2:14 καί The name of the third river is Hiddekel: this is the one which flows in front of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates.
- Genesis 2:15 καί Yahweh God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.
- Genesis 2:16 καί Yahweh God commanded the man, saying, "Of every tree of the garden you may freely eat:
- Genesis 2:17 καί but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat of it: for in the day that you eat of it you will surely die."
- Genesis 2:18 καί Yahweh God said, "It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper suitable for him."
- Genesis 2:19 καί Out of the ground Yahweh God formed every animal of the field, and every bird of the sky, and brought them to the man to see what he would call them. Whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name.
- Genesis 2:20 καί The man gave names to all cattle, and to the birds of the sky, and to every animal of the field; but for man there was not found a helper suitable for him.
- Genesis 2:21 καί Yahweh God caused a deep sleep to fall on the man, and he slept; and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G2532) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
