καί
and
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Conjunction
- A joining word linking words or clauses.
Every verse where G2532 appears in the Book of 2 Timothy — 47 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
2 Timothy
- 2 Timothy 1:2 καὶ conj to Timothy, my beloved child: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
- 2 Timothy 1:3 καὶ conj I thank God, whom I serve as my forefathers did, with a pure conscience. How unceasing is my memory of you in my petitions, night and day
- 2 Timothy 1:5 καὶ καὶ conj conj having been reminded of the unfeigned faith that is in you; which lived first in your grandmother Lois, and your mother Eunice, and, I am persuaded, in you also.
- 2 Timothy 1:7 καὶ καὶ conj conj For God didn't give us a spirit of fear, but of power, love, and self-control.
- 2 Timothy 1:9 καὶ καὶ conj conj who saved us and called us with a holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given to us in Christ Jesus before times eternal,
- 2 Timothy 1:10 καὶ conj but has now been revealed by the appearing of our Savior, Christ Jesus, who abolished death, and brought life and immortality to light through the Gospel.
- 2 Timothy 1:11 καὶ καὶ conj conj For this, I was appointed as a preacher, an apostle, and a teacher of the Gentiles.
- 2 Timothy 1:12 καὶ καὶ conj conj For this cause I suffer also these things. Yet I am not ashamed, for I know him whom I have believed, and I am persuaded that he is able to guard that which I have committed to him against that day.
- 2 Timothy 1:13 καὶ conj Hold the pattern of sound words which you have heard from me, in faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.
- 2 Timothy 1:15 καὶ conj This you know, that all who are in Asia turned away from me; of whom are Phygelus and Hermogenes.
- 2 Timothy 1:16 καὶ conj May the Lord grant mercy to the house of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me, and was not ashamed of my chain,
- 2 Timothy 1:17 καὶ conj but when he was in Rome, he sought me diligently, and found me
- 2 Timothy 1:18 καὶ conj (the Lord grant to him to find the Lord's mercy in that day); and in how many things he served at Ephesus, you know very well.
- 2 Timothy 2:2 καὶ καὶ conj conj The things which you have heard from me among many witnesses, commit the same to faithful men, who will be able to teach others also.
- 2 Timothy 2:5 καὶ conj Also, if anyone competes in athletics, he isn't crowned unless he has competed by the rules.
- 2 Timothy 2:10 καὶ conj Therefore I endure all things for the chosen ones' sake, that they also may obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.
- 2 Timothy 2:11 καὶ conj This saying is faithful: For if we died with him, We will also live with him.
- 2 Timothy 2:12 καὶ conj If we endure, We will also reign with him. If we deny him, He also will deny us.
- 2 Timothy 2:17 καὶ καὶ conj conj and their word will consume like gangrene, of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus;
- 2 Timothy 2:18 καὶ conj men who have erred concerning the truth, saying that the resurrection is already past, and overthrowing the faith of some.
- 2 Timothy 2:19 καί conj However God's firm foundation stands, having this seal, "The Lord knows those who are his," and, "Let every one who names the name of the Lord depart from unrighteousness."
- 2 Timothy 2:20 καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj conj Now in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and of silver, but also of wood and of clay. Some are for honor, and some for dishonor.
- 2 Timothy 2:23 καὶ conj But refuse foolish and ignorant questionings, knowing that they generate strife.
- 2 Timothy 2:26 καὶ conj and they may recover themselves out of the devil's snare, having been taken captive by him to his will.
- 2 Timothy 3:5 καὶ conj holding a form of godliness, but having denied the power thereof. Turn away from these, also.
- 2 Timothy 3:6 καὶ conj For of these are those who creep into houses, and take captive gullible women loaded down with sins, led away by various lusts,
- 2 Timothy 3:7 καὶ conj always learning, and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth.
- 2 Timothy 3:8 καὶ καὶ conj conj Even as Jannes and Jambres opposed Moses, so do these also oppose the truth; men corrupted in mind, reprobate concerning the faith.
- 2 Timothy 3:9 καὶ conj But they will proceed no further. For their folly will be evident to all men, as theirs also came to be.
- 2 Timothy 3:11 καὶ conj persecutions, and sufferings: those things that happened to me at Antioch, Iconium, and Lystra. I endured those persecutions. Out of them all the Lord delivered me.
- 2 Timothy 3:12 καὶ conj Yes, and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution.
- 2 Timothy 3:13 καὶ καὶ conj conj But evil men and impostors will grow worse and worse, deceiving and being deceived.
- 2 Timothy 3:14 καὶ conj But you remain in the things which you have learned and have been assured of, knowing from whom you have learned them.
- 2 Timothy 3:15 καὶ conj From infancy, you have known the sacred writings which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith, which is in Christ Jesus.
- 2 Timothy 3:16 καὶ conj Every writing inspired by God is profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for instruction which is in righteousness,
- 2 Timothy 4:1 καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj conj I charge you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing and his Kingdom:
- 2 Timothy 4:2 καὶ conj preach the word; be urgent in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with all patience and teaching.
- 2 Timothy 4:4 καὶ conj and will turn away their ears from the truth, and turn aside to fables.
- 2 Timothy 4:6 καὶ conj For I am already being offered, and the time of my departure has come.
- 2 Timothy 4:8 καὶ conj From now on, there is stored up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, will give to me on that day; and not to me only, but also to all those who have loved his appearing.
- 2 Timothy 4:10 καὶ conj for Demas left me, having loved this present world, and went to Thessalonica; Crescens to Galatia, and Titus to Dalmatia.
- 2 Timothy 4:13 καὶ conj Bring the cloak that I left at Troas with Carpus when you come, and the books, especially the parchments.
- 2 Timothy 4:15 καὶ conj of whom you also must beware; for he greatly opposed our words.
- 2 Timothy 4:17 καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj But the Lord stood by me, and strengthened me, that through me the message might be fully proclaimed, and that all the Gentiles might hear; and I was delivered out of the mouth of the lion.
- 2 Timothy 4:18 καὶ conj And the Lord will deliver me from every evil work, and will preserve me for his heavenly Kingdom; to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.
- 2 Timothy 4:19 καὶ καὶ conj conj Greet Prisca and Aquila, and the house of Onesiphorus.
- 2 Timothy 4:21 καὶ καὶ καὶ καὶ conj conj conj conj Be diligent to come before winter. Eubulus salutes you, as do Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, και (kaí) means “and.” Scripture first uses it in Matthew 1:2. With 5,125 verses in 27 books, it is one of the most common word in the Greek New Testament. Sharing its root, it stands alongside καγω, καιγε and καιπερ. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G2532 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 5,125
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 5,125 distinct verses.
- 27 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 27 of 27 New Testament books.
- #2
- by frequency
- Top 10 most frequent Greek words (rank 2 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 5,125 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 5,125 distinct verses.
- Gospels 2,619 verses · 51%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 1,489 verses · 29%
- Pauline corpus 1,026 verses · 20%
- Johannine 995 verses · 19%
- Revelation 370 verses · 7%
- General (Catholic) Epistles 277 verses · 5%
- Hebrews 173 verses · 3%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: And 8,097×, Also 500×, Even 101×
- American Standard Version: And 7,750×, Also 433×, Even 110×
- Berean Standard Bible: And 5,240×, Then 278×, Also 156×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: And 7,949×, Also 596×, But 132×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 9,091 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 72 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 156 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 8,928 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 227 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 83 further occurrences.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G2532 across 6,415 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 44 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 2,467 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G2532 across 9,016 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 20 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- and, also, even, indeed, but Frequency count based on 1894 Scrivener Greek New Testament.
Word origin
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
Apparently a primary particle having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and also even so then too etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words : - and also both but even for if indeed likewise moreover or so that then therefore when yea yet.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 5 distinct written forms G2532 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| καὶ kaì | Conjunction | Matthew 1:2 | 8,661 |
| Καὶ Kaì | Conjunction | Matthew 4:21 | 274 |
| καί kaí | Conjunction | Matthew 15:4 | 29 |
| Καί Kaí | Conjunction | Luke 19:39 | 4 |
| και kai | Conjunction | John 7:53 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G2532, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
- καγω kagṓ G2504 and I
- καιγε kaíge G2534 and indeed
- καιπερ kaíper G2539 although
- καιτοι kaítoi G2543 and yet
- κακει kakeî G2546 and there
- κακειθεν kakeîthen G2547 of place
- κακεινος kakeînos G2548 and he
- καν kán G2579 and if
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 9 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word και appears 47,643 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 18,587 verses in 38 books.
- 47,643
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 18,587
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 38 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 38 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 1:1 καί
- Exodus 1:3 καί
- Leviticus 1:1 καί
- Numbers 1:1 καί
- Deuteronomy 1:1 καί
- Joshua 1:1 καί
- Judges 1:1 καί
- Ruth 1:1 καί
- 1 Samuel 1:1 καί
- 2 Samuel 1:1 καί
- 1 Kings 1:1 καί
- 2 Kings 1:1 καί
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G2532) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 18,587. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 1:1 καί In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
- Genesis 1:2 καί Now the earth was formless and empty. Darkness was on the surface of the deep. God's Spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.
- Genesis 1:3 καί God said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
- Genesis 1:4 καί God saw the light, and saw that it was good. God divided the light from the darkness.
- Genesis 1:5 καί God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. There was evening and there was morning, one day.
- Genesis 1:6 καί God said, "Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters."
- Genesis 1:7 καί God made the expanse, and divided the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse, and it was so.
- Genesis 1:8 καί God called the expanse sky. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
- Genesis 1:9 καί God said, "Let the waters under the sky be gathered together to one place, and let the dry land appear," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:10 καί God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters he called Seas. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:11 καί God said, "Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit after their kind, with its seed in it, on the earth," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:12 καί The earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, with its seed in it, after their kind: and God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:13 καί There was evening and there was morning, a third day.
- Genesis 1:14 καί God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of sky to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years;
- Genesis 1:15 καί and let them be for lights in the expanse of sky to give light on the earth," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:16 καί God made the two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He also made the stars.
- Genesis 1:17 καί God set them in the expanse of sky to give light to the earth,
- Genesis 1:18 καί and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:19 καί There was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
- Genesis 1:20 καί God said, "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of sky."
- Genesis 1:21 καί God created the large sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed, after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:22 καί God blessed them, saying, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth."
- Genesis 1:23 καί There was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.
- Genesis 1:24 καί God said, "Let the earth bring forth living creatures after their kind, cattle, creeping things, and animals of the earth after their kind," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:25 καί God made the animals of the earth after their kind, and the cattle after their kind, and everything that creeps on the ground after its kind. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:26 καί God said, "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the sky, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth."
- Genesis 1:27 καί God created man in his own image. In God's image he created him; male and female he created them.
- Genesis 1:28 καί God blessed them. God said to them, "Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the sky, and over every living thing that moves on the earth."
- Genesis 1:29 καί God said, "Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed, which is on the surface of all the earth, and every tree, which bears fruit yielding seed. It will be your food.
- Genesis 1:30 καί To every animal of the earth, and to every bird of the sky, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food." And it was so.
- Genesis 1:31 καί God saw everything that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. There was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.
- Genesis 2:1 καί The heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
- Genesis 2:2 καί On the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
- Genesis 2:3 καί God blessed the seventh day, and made it holy, because he rested in it from all his work which he had created and made.
- Genesis 2:4 καί This is the history of the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that Yahweh God made earth and the heavens.
- Genesis 2:5 καί No plant of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for Yahweh God had not caused it to rain on the earth. There was not a man to till the ground,
- Genesis 2:6 καί but a mist went up from the earth, and watered the whole surface of the ground.
- Genesis 2:7 καί Yahweh God formed man from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
- Genesis 2:8 καί Yahweh God planted a garden eastward, in Eden, and there he put the man whom he had formed.
- Genesis 2:9 καί Out of the ground Yahweh God made every tree to grow that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
- Genesis 2:12 καί and the gold of that land is good. There is aromatic resin and the onyx stone.
- Genesis 2:13 καί The name of the second river is Gihon: the same river that flows through the whole land of Cush.
- Genesis 2:14 καί The name of the third river is Hiddekel: this is the one which flows in front of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates.
- Genesis 2:15 καί Yahweh God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.
- Genesis 2:16 καί Yahweh God commanded the man, saying, "Of every tree of the garden you may freely eat:
- Genesis 2:17 καί but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat of it: for in the day that you eat of it you will surely die."
- Genesis 2:18 καί Yahweh God said, "It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper suitable for him."
- Genesis 2:19 καί Out of the ground Yahweh God formed every animal of the field, and every bird of the sky, and brought them to the man to see what he would call them. Whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name.
- Genesis 2:20 καί The man gave names to all cattle, and to the birds of the sky, and to every animal of the field; but for man there was not found a helper suitable for him.
- Genesis 2:21 καί Yahweh God caused a deep sleep to fall on the man, and he slept; and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in its place.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G2532) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
