ος
who
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
See every Dative-case word in the Greek New Testament →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Relative pronoun
- Introduces a relative clause (“who,” “which,” “that”).
- Adverb
- A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb.
Case
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
- Accusative
- The case of the direct object and of extent.
- Genitive
- The case of source, possession, or “of” — answers “whose / from what.”
- Dative
- The case of the indirect object, means, or location — “to / for / with / in.”
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Neuter
- Grammatically neuter.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one.
Every verse where G3739 appears in the Book of 2 Peter — 17 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
2 Peter
- 2 Peter 1:4 ὧν rel.pron gen pl fem by which he has granted to us his precious and exceedingly great promises; that through these you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world by lust.
- 2 Peter 1:9 ᾧ rel.pron dat sg masc For he who lacks these things is blind, seeing only what is near, having forgotten the cleansing from his old sins.
- 2 Peter 1:17 ὃν rel.pron acc sg masc For he received from God the Father honor and glory, when the voice came to him from the Majestic Glory, "This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased."
- 2 Peter 1:19 ᾧ οὗ rel.pron dat sg masc rel.pron gen sg masc We have the more sure word of prophecy; whereunto you do well that you take heed, as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns, and the day star arises in your hearts:
- 2 Peter 2:2 οὓς rel.pron acc pl masc Many will follow their immoral ways, and as a result, the way of the truth will be maligned.
- 2 Peter 2:3 οἷς rel.pron dat pl masc In covetousness they will exploit you with deceptive words: whose sentence now from of old doesn't linger, and their destruction will not slumber.
- 2 Peter 2:12 οἷς rel.pron dat pl masc But these, as unreasoning creatures, born natural animals to be taken and destroyed, speaking evil in matters about which they are ignorant, will in their destroying surely be destroyed,
- 2 Peter 2:15 ὃς rel.pron nom sg masc forsaking the right way, they went astray, having followed the way of Balaam the son of Beor, who loved the wages of wrong-doing;
- 2 Peter 2:17 οἷς rel.pron dat pl masc These are wells without water, clouds driven by a storm; for whom the blackness of darkness has been reserved forever.
- 2 Peter 2:19 ᾧ rel.pron dat sg neut promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for by whom a man is overcome, by the same is he also brought into bondage.
- 2 Peter 3:1 αἷς rel.pron dat pl fem This is now, beloved, the second letter that I have written to you; and in both of them I stir up your sincere mind by reminding you;
- 2 Peter 3:4 ἧς rel.pron gen sg fem and saying, "Where is the promise of his coming? For, from the day that the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation."
- 2 Peter 3:6 ὧν rel.pron gen pl neut by which means the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished.
- 2 Peter 3:10 ᾗ rel.pron dat sg fem But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will be dissolved with fervent heat, and the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up.
- 2 Peter 3:12 ἣν rel.pron acc sg fem looking for and earnestly desiring the coming of the day of God, by reason of which the heavens being on fire will be dissolved, and the elements will melt with fervent heat?
- 2 Peter 3:13 οἷς rel.pron dat pl masc But, according to his promise, we look for new heavens and a new earth, in which dwells righteousness.
- 2 Peter 3:16 αἷς ἃ rel.pron dat pl fem rel.pron acc pl neut as also in all of his letters, speaking in them of these things. In those are some things hard to be understood, which the ignorant and unsettled twist, as they also do to the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, ος (hós) means “who.” Scripture first uses it in Matthew 1:16. It appears 1,225 verses across 27 books of the Greek New Testament, among its most common vocabulary. It clusters with ο, τανυν and οδε under a shared root. Dig into 1,225-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G3739 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 1,225
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 1,225 distinct verses.
- 27 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 27 of 27 New Testament books.
- #12
- by frequency
- Top 25 most frequent Greek words (rank 12 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 1,225 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1,225 distinct verses.
- Gospels 480 verses · 39%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 362 verses · 30%
- Pauline corpus 331 verses · 27%
- Johannine 235 verses · 19%
- General (Catholic) Epistles 81 verses · 7%
- Hebrews 69 verses · 6%
- Revelation 64 verses · 5%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Which 394×, Whom 256×, That 126×
- American Standard Version: Which 325×, Whom 247×, That 139×
- Berean Standard Bible: Whom 124×, Which 116×, What 114×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Which 272×, Whom 262×, That 227×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G3739 across 1,256 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 47 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 147 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G3739 across 1,259 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 91 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G3739 across 866 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 50 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 496 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G3739 across 1,431 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 25 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- who, which, what, that Wigram's count is 1309 not 1393.
Word origin
Derived from ο (ho) (G3588).
Forms in the corpus
The 25 distinct written forms G3739 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G3739, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- τανυν tanŷn G3569 present
- οδε hóde G3592 this
- οιος hoîos G3634 what sort of
- ουτος hoûtos G3778 this
- σημερον sḗmeron G4594 this day
- ταυτα tautá G5024 thus
- τηλικουτος tēlikoûtos G5082 of such size
- τοι toí G5104 truly
- τοσουτος tosoûtos G5118 so great
- τοτε tóte G5119 then
- του toû G5120 his
- τουναντιον tounantíon G5121 on the contrary
- τουνομα toúnoma G5122 by name
Derived from this word
- ο εστι hó esti G3603 which is
- οθεν hóthen G3606 from which
- οποιος hopoîos G3697 what sort
- οποτε hopóte G3698 when
- οπου hópou G3699 where
- οπως hópōs G3704 how
- οσακις hosákis G3740 as often as
- οσος hósos G3745 how much
- οσπερ hósper G3746 whomever
- οστις hóstis G3748 whoever
- οτε hóte G3753 when
- ου hoû G3757 where
- ποσος pósos G4214 how much
- ως hōs G5613 as
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
- θεος theós G2316 God
- ο ων και ο ην και ο ερχομενος ho ṑn kaí ho ēn kaí ho erchómenos G3801 He who is
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 31 — not the complete family. 2 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word ος appears 3,959 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 3,406 verses in 38 books.
- 3,959
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 3,406
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 38 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 38 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 1:7 ὅς
- Exodus 1:8 ὅς
- Leviticus 2:8 ὅς
- Numbers 1:19 ὅς
- Deuteronomy 1:1 ὅς
- Joshua 1:2 ὅς
- Judges 1:12 ὅς
- Ruth 1:13 ὅς
- 1 Samuel 1:15 ὅς
- 2 Samuel 2:10 ὅς
- 1 Kings 1:9 ὅς
- 2 Kings 1:4 ὅς
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G3739) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 3,406. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 1:7 ὅς God made the expanse, and divided the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse, and it was so.
- Genesis 1:11 ὅς God said, "Let the earth put forth grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit after their kind, with its seed in it, on the earth," and it was so.
- Genesis 1:12 ὅς The earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, with its seed in it, after their kind: and God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:21 ὅς God created the large sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed, after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 1:29 ὅς God said, "Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed, which is on the surface of all the earth, and every tree, which bears fruit yielding seed. It will be your food.
- Genesis 1:30 ὅς To every animal of the earth, and to every bird of the sky, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food." And it was so.
- Genesis 2:2 ὅς On the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
- Genesis 2:3 ὅς God blessed the seventh day, and made it holy, because he rested in it from all his work which he had created and made.
- Genesis 2:4 ὅς This is the history of the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that Yahweh God made earth and the heavens.
- Genesis 2:8 ὅς Yahweh God planted a garden eastward, in Eden, and there he put the man whom he had formed.
- Genesis 2:11 ὅς The name of the first is Pishon: this is the one which flows through the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;
- Genesis 2:15 ὅς Yahweh God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.
- Genesis 2:17 ὅς but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat of it: for in the day that you eat of it you will surely die."
- Genesis 2:19 ὅς Out of the ground Yahweh God formed every animal of the field, and every bird of the sky, and brought them to the man to see what he would call them. Whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name.
- Genesis 2:22 ὅς He made the rib, which Yahweh God had taken from the man, into a woman, and brought her to the man.
- Genesis 2:25 ὅς They were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.
- Genesis 3:1 ὅς Now the serpent was more subtle than any animal of the field which Yahweh God had made. He said to the woman, "Yes, has God said, 'You shall not eat of any tree of the garden?'"
- Genesis 3:3 ὅς but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, 'You shall not eat of it, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.'"
- Genesis 3:5 ὅς for God knows that in the day you eat it, your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil."
- Genesis 3:8 ὅς They heard the voice of Yahweh God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God among the trees of the garden.
- Genesis 3:11 ὅς God said, "Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?"
- Genesis 3:12 ὅς The man said, "The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I ate."
- Genesis 3:17 ὅς To Adam he said, "Because you have listened to your wife's voice, and have eaten of the tree, of which I commanded you, saying, 'You shall not eat of it,' cursed is the ground for your sake. In toil you will eat of it all the days of your life.
- Genesis 3:19 ὅς By the sweat of your face will you eat bread until you return to the ground, for out of it you were taken. For you are dust, and to dust you shall return."
- Genesis 3:23 ὅς Therefore Yahweh God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.
- Genesis 4:11 ὅς Now you are cursed because of the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood from your hand.
- Genesis 4:25 ὅς Adam knew his wife again. She gave birth to a son, and named him Seth. For, she said, "God has appointed me another child instead of Abel, for Cain killed him."
- Genesis 5:1 ὅς This is the book of the generations of Adam. In the day that God created man, he made him in God's likeness.
- Genesis 5:2 ὅς He created them male and female, and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.
- Genesis 5:5 ὅς All the days that Adam lived were nine hundred thirty years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:27 ὅς All the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty-nine years, then he died.
- Genesis 5:29 ὅς and he named him Noah, saying, "This same will comfort us in our work and in the toil of our hands, because of the ground which Yahweh has cursed."
- Genesis 6:2 ὅς that God's sons saw that men's daughters were beautiful, and they took for themselves wives of all that they chose.
- Genesis 6:7 ὅς Yahweh said, "I will destroy man whom I have created from the surface of the ground; man, along with animals, creeping things, and birds of the sky; for I am sorry that I have made them."
- Genesis 6:17 ὅς I, even, I do bring the flood of waters on this earth, to destroy all flesh having the breath of life from under the sky. Everything that is in the earth will die.
- Genesis 6:21 ὅς Take with you of all food that is eaten, and gather it to you; and it will be for food for you, and for them."
- Genesis 7:4 ὅς In seven days, I will cause it to rain on the earth for forty days and forty nights. Every living thing that I have made, I will destroy from the surface of the ground."
- Genesis 7:15 ὅς They went to Noah into the ark, by pairs of all flesh with the breath of life in them.
- Genesis 7:19 ὅς The waters prevailed exceedingly on the earth. All the high mountains that were under the whole sky were covered.
- Genesis 7:22 ὅς All in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, of all that was on the dry land, died.
- Genesis 7:23 ὅς Every living thing was destroyed that was on the surface of the ground, including man, cattle, creeping things, and birds of the sky. They were destroyed from the earth. Only Noah was left, and those who were with him in the ark.
- Genesis 8:6 ὅς It happened at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made,
- Genesis 8:13 ὅς It happened in the six hundred first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth. Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked. He saw that the surface of the ground was dried.
- Genesis 9:3 ὅς Every moving thing that lives will be food for you. As the green herb, I have given everything to you.
- Genesis 9:12 ὅς God said, "This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations:
- Genesis 9:15 ὅς and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh, and the waters will no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.
- Genesis 9:16 ὅς The rainbow will be in the cloud. I will look at it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth."
- Genesis 9:17 ὅς God said to Noah, "This is the token of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth."
- Genesis 11:4 ὅς They said, "Come, let's build us a city, and a tower, whose top reaches to the sky, and let's make us a name; lest we be scattered abroad on the surface of the whole earth."
- Genesis 11:5 ὅς Yahweh came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men built.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G3739) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
