אֱדוֹם

A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.

A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.

The 30 distinct written forms H123 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.

Form	Parsing	Example	Uses
אֱד֔וֹם	Noun, Proper	Amos 1:11	19
אֱדֽוֹם	Noun, Proper	Genesis 25:30	17
אֱד֖וֹם	Noun, Proper	Amos 2:1	7
אֱדוֹם֙	Noun, Proper	Amos 9:12	7
אֱד֑וֹם	Noun, Proper	Genesis 36:9	6
אֱד֗וֹם	Noun, Proper	Ezekiel 32:29	5
אֱד֜וֹם	Noun, Proper	2 Chronicles 21:10	5
אֱד֣וֹם	Noun, Proper	Daniel 11:41	5
אֱ֭דוֹם	Noun, Proper	Psalms 60:8	3
בֶּ/אֱדֽוֹם	Noun, Proper	1 Kings 11:14	3
אֱד֤וֹם	Noun, Proper	2 Kings 14:7	2
וּ/בֶ/אֱד֜וֹם	Noun, Proper	1 Samuel 14:47	2
לֶ/אֱד֗וֹם	Noun, Proper	Jeremiah 49:7	2
אֱד֛וֹם	Noun, Proper	Ezekiel 25:12	1
אֱד֞וֹם	Noun, Proper	Jeremiah 9:26	1
אֱד֥וֹם	Noun, Proper	Jeremiah 25:21	1
אֱד֧וֹם	Noun, Proper	Joshua 15:1	1
אֱד֨וֹם	Noun, Proper	Judges 11:17	1
בֶ/אֱד֔וֹם	Noun, Proper	Ezekiel 25:14	1
בֶּ/אֱד֔וֹם	Noun, Proper	Genesis 36:32	1
בֶּ/אֱד֖וֹם	Noun, Proper	1 Kings 22:47	1
בֶּ/אֱד֗וֹם	Noun, Proper	Ezekiel 25:14	1
בֶּ/אֱד֜וֹם	Noun, Proper	2 Samuel 8:14	1
בֶּֽ/אֱדוֹם֙	Noun, Proper	1 Chronicles 18:13	1
וֶ/אֱד֕וֹם	Noun, Proper	Joel 3:19	1
לֶ/אֱד֔וֹם	Noun, Proper	Amos 1:9	1
לֶ/אֱדֽוֹם	Noun, Proper	Amos 1:6	1
מֵ/אֱד֗וֹם	Noun, Proper	Isaiah 63:1	1
מֵֽ/אֱד֔וֹם	Noun, Proper	Obadiah 1:8	1
מֵֽ/אֱד֤וֹם	Noun, Proper	1 Chronicles 18:11	1

Other BDB entries built from the same root as H123, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derives from

• אדם ʼâdôm H122 red

Proper names from this root

People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.

• אדמי ʼĔdômîy H130 Edomite
• Ιδουμαια Idoumaía G2401 Idumaea

Compare all same-root words → 2 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.

Public-domain dictionary articles matched to this entry by name (Edom). A biblical name can be shared by more than one person or place, so an article may treat several.

Easton's Bible Dictionary · M. G. Easton, 1897

(1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Gen. 25:30, "Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage [Heb. haadom, haadom, i.e., the red pottage, the red pottage'] ...Therefore was his name called Edom", i.e., Red.

(2.) Idumea (Isa. 34:5, 6; Ezek. 35:15). "The field of Edom" (Gen. 32:3), "the land of Edom" (Gen. 36:16), was mountainous (Obad. 1:8, 9, 19, 21). It was called the land, or "the mountain of Seir," the rough hills on the east side of the Arabah. It extended from the head of the Gulf of Akabah, the Elanitic gulf, to the foot of the Dead Sea (1 Kings 9:26), and contained, among other cities, the rock-hewn Sela (q.v.), generally known by the Greek name Petra (2 Kings 14:7). It is a wild and rugged region, traversed by fruitful valleys. Its old capital was Bozrah (Isa. 63:1). The early inhabitants of the land were Horites. They were destroyed by the Edomites (Deut. 2:12), between whom and the kings of Israel and Judah there was frequent war (2 Kings 8:20; 2 Chr. 28:17).

At the time of the Exodus they churlishly refused permission to the Israelites to pass through their land (Num. 20:14-21), and ever afterwards maintained an attitude of hostility toward them. They were conquered by David (2 Sam. 8:14; comp. 1 Kings 9:26), and afterwards by Amaziah (2 Chr. 25:11, 12). But they regained again their independence, and in later years, during the decline of the Jewish kingdom (2 Kings 16:6; R.V. marg., "Edomites"), made war against Israel. They took part with the Chaldeans when Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem, and afterwards they invaded and held possession of the south of Palestine as far as Hebron. At length, however, Edom fell under the growing Chaldean power (Jer. 27:3, 6).

There are many prophecies concerning Edom (Isa. 34:5, 6; Jer. 49:7-18; Ezek. 25:13; 35:1-15; Joel 3:19; Amos 1:11; Obad.; Mal. 1:3, 4) which have been remarkably fulfilled. The present desolate condition of that land is a standing testimony to the inspiration of these prophecies. After an existence as a people for above seventeen hundred years, they have utterly disappeared, and their language even is forgotten for ever. In Petra, "where kings kept their court, and where nobles assembled, there no man dwells; it is given by lot to birds, and beasts, and reptiles."

The Edomites were Semites, closely related in blood and in language to the Israelites. They dispossessed the Horites of Mount Seir; though it is clear, from Gen. 36, that they afterwards intermarried with the conquered population. Edomite tribes settled also in the south of Judah, like the Kenizzites (Gen. 36:11), to whom Caleb and Othniel belonged (Josh. 15:17). The southern part of Edom was known as Teman.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · Roswell D. Hitchcock, 1869

red, earthy; of blood

Classic public-domain reference works; full attribution on Sources.

This word appears in 85 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 93 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.

Read these verses in the Septuagint

• Genesis 25:30
• Exodus 15:15
• Numbers 20:14
• Joshua 15:1
• Judges 5:4
• 1 Samuel 14:47
• 2 Samuel 8:14
• 1 Kings 11:14
• 2 Kings 3:8
• 1 Chronicles 18:11
• 2 Chronicles 8:17
• Psalms 60:1

This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.