צוּר
rock
‘rock’ is one of 8 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 36 times (46%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 33 times (42%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute 8 times (10%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct 1 time (1%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 78 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H6697 appears — 74 distinct verses across 15 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus 3 verses
- Exodus 17:6 הַ/צּוּר֮ בַ/צּ֗וּר ptcl def.art + n c ms prep det + n c ms Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock in Horeb. You shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink." Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
- Exodus 33:21 הַ/צּֽוּר ptcl def.art + n c ms Yahweh also said, "Behold, there is a place by me, and you shall stand on the rock.
- Exodus 33:22 הַ/צּ֑וּר ptcl def.art + n c ms It will happen, while my glory passes by, that I will put you in a cleft of the rock, and will cover you with my hand until I have passed by;
Numbers 1 verse
Deuteronomy 8 verses
- Deuteronomy 8:15 מִ/צּ֖וּר prep + n c ms cs who led you through the great and terrible wilderness, [in which were] fiery serpents and scorpions, and thirsty ground where was no water; who brought you forth water out of the rock of flint;
- Deuteronomy 32:4 הַ/צּוּר֙ ptcl def.art + n c ms The Rock, his work is perfect; For all his ways are justice: A God of faithfulness and without iniquity, Just and right is he.
- Deuteronomy 32:13 צֽוּר n c ms He made him ride on the high places of the earth, He ate the increase of the field; He made him to suck honey out of the rock, Oil out of the flinty rock;
- Deuteronomy 32:15 צ֥וּר n c ms cs But Jeshurun grew fat, and kicked: You have grown fat, you are grown thick, you are become sleek; Then he forsook God who made him, Lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
- Deuteronomy 32:18 צ֥וּר n c ms Of the Rock that became your father, you are unmindful, Have forgotten God who gave you birth.
- Deuteronomy 32:30 צוּרָ֣/ם n c ms cs + sfx pers 3mp How should one chase a thousand, Two put ten thousand to flight, Except their Rock had sold them, Yahweh had delivered them up?
- Deuteronomy 32:31 כְ/צוּרֵ֖/נוּ צוּרָ֑/ם prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cp n c ms cs + sfx pers 3mp For their rock is not as our Rock, Even our enemies themselves being judges.
- Deuteronomy 32:37 צ֖וּר n c ms He will say, Where are their gods, The rock in which they took refuge;
Joshua 2 verses
Judges 3 verses
- Judges 6:21 הַ/צּ֗וּר ptcl def.art + n c ms Then the angel of Yahweh put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there went up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and the angel of Yahweh departed out of his sight.
- Judges 7:25 בְּ/צוּר prep + n c ms cs They took the two princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb; and they killed Oreb at the rock of Oreb, and Zeeb they killed at the winepress of Zeeb, and pursued Midian: and they brought the heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon beyond the Jordan.
- Judges 13:19 הַ/צּ֖וּר ptcl def.art + n c ms So Manoah took the kid with the meal-offering, and offered it on the rock to Yahweh: and [the angel] did wondrously, and Manoah and his wife looked on.
1 Samuel 2 verses
2 Samuel 5 verses
- 2 Samuel 21:10 הַ/צּוּר֙ ptcl def.art + n c ms Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth, and spread it for her on the rock, from the beginning of harvest until water was poured on them from the sky; and she allowed neither the birds of the sky to rest on them by day, nor the animals of the field by night.
- 2 Samuel 22:3 צוּרִ֖/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs God, my rock, in him will I take refuge; My shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge; My savior, you save me from violence.
- 2 Samuel 22:32 צ֖וּר n c ms For who is God, save Yahweh? Who is a rock, save our God?
- 2 Samuel 22:47 צוּרִ֑/י צ֥וּר n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs n c ms cs Yahweh lives; Blessed be my rock; Exalted be God, the rock of my salvation,
- 2 Samuel 23:3 צ֣וּר n c ms cs The God of Israel said, The Rock of Israel spoke to me: One who rules over men righteously, Who rules in the fear of God,
1 Chronicles 1 verse
Job 7 verses
- Job 14:18 וְ֝/צ֗וּר conj + n c ms "But the mountain falling comes to nothing; The rock is removed out of its place;
- Job 18:4 צ֝֗וּר n c ms You who tear yourself in your anger, Shall the earth be forsaken for you? Or shall the rock be removed out of its place?
- Job 19:24 בַּ/צּ֥וּר prep det + n c ms That with an iron pen and lead They were engraved in the rock forever!
- Job 22:24 וּ/בְ/צ֖וּר conj + prep + n c ms cs Lay your treasure in the dust, The gold of Ophir among the stones of the brooks.
- Job 24:8 צֽוּר n c ms They are wet with the showers of the mountains, And embrace the rock for lack of a shelter.
- Job 28:10 בַּ֭/צּוּרוֹת prep det + n c mp He cuts out channels among the rocks. His eye sees every precious thing.
- Job 29:6 וְ/צ֥וּר conj + n c ms When my steps were washed with butter, And the rock poured out streams of oil for me!
Psalms 26 verses
- Psalms 18:2 צ֭וּרִ/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Yahweh is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer; My God, my rock, in whom I take refuge; My shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower.
- Psalms 18:31 צ֝֗וּר n c ms For who is God, except Yahweh? Who is a rock, besides our God,
- Psalms 18:46 צוּרִ֑/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Yahweh lives; and blessed be my rock. Exalted be the God of my salvation,
- Psalms 19:14 צוּרִ֥/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart Be acceptable in your sight, Yahweh, my rock, and my redeemer.
- Psalms 27:5 בְּ֝/צ֗וּר prep + n c ms For in the day of trouble he will keep me secretly in his pavilion. In the covert of his tent he will hide me. He will lift me up on a rock.
- Psalms 28:1 צוּרִ/י֮ n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs To you, Yahweh, I call. My rock, don't be deaf to me; Lest, if you are silent to me, I would become like those who go down into the pit.
- Psalms 31:2 לְֽ/צוּר prep + n c ms cs Bow down your ear to me. Deliver me speedily. Be to me a strong rock, A house of defense to save me.
- Psalms 49:14 וְ֭/צוּרָ/ם conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 3mp They are appointed as a flock for Sheol. Death shall be their shepherd. The upright shall have dominion over them in the morning. Their beauty shall decay in Sheol, Far from their mansion.
- Psalms 61:2 בְּ/צוּר prep + n c ms From the end of the earth, I will call to you, when my heart is overwhelmed. Lead me to the rock that is higher than I.
- Psalms 62:2 צ֭וּרִ/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He alone is my rock and my salvation, my fortress-- I will never be greatly shaken.
- Psalms 62:6 צ֭וּרִ/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs He alone is my rock and my salvation, my fortress. I will not be shaken.
- Psalms 62:7 צוּר n c ms cs With God is my salvation and my honor. The rock of my strength, and my refuge, is in God.
- Psalms 71:3 לְ/צ֥וּר prep + n c ms cs Be to me a rock of refuge to which I may always go. Give the command to save me, For you are my rock and my fortress.
- Psalms 73:26 צוּר n c ms cs My flesh and my heart fails, But God is the strength of my heart and my portion forever.
- Psalms 78:15 צֻ֭רִים n c mp He split rocks in the wilderness, And gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths.
- Psalms 78:20 צ֨וּר n c ms Behold, he struck the rock, so that waters gushed out, Streams overflowed. Can he give bread also? Will he provide flesh for his people?"
- Psalms 78:35 צוּרָ֑/ם n c ms cs + sfx pers 3mp They remembered that God was their rock, The Most High God their redeemer.
- Psalms 81:16 וּ֝/מִ/צּ֗וּר conj + prep + n c ms But he would have also fed them with the finest of the wheat. I will satisfy you with honey out of the rock."
- Psalms 89:26 וְ/צ֣וּר conj + n c ms cs He will call to me, 'You are my Father, My God, and the rock of my salvation!'
- Psalms 89:43 צ֣וּר n c ms cs Yes, you turn back the edge of his sword, And haven't supported him in battle.
- Psalms 92:15 צ֝וּרִ֗/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs To show that Yahweh is upright. He is my rock, And there is no unrighteousness in him.
- Psalms 94:22 לְ/צ֣וּר prep + n c ms cs But Yahweh has been my high tower, My God, the rock of my refuge.
- Psalms 95:1 לְ/צ֣וּר prep + n c ms cs Oh come, let's sing to Yahweh. Let's shout aloud to the rock of our salvation!
- Psalms 105:41 צ֭וּר n c ms He opened the rock, and waters gushed out. They ran as a river in the dry places.
- Psalms 114:8 הַ/צּ֣וּר ptcl def.art + n c ms Who turned the rock into a pool of water, The flint into a spring of waters.
- Psalms 144:1 צוּרִ֗/י n c ms cs + sfx pers 1cs Blessed be Yahweh, my rock, Who teaches my hands to war, And my fingers to battle:
Proverbs 1 verse
Isaiah 11 verses
- Isaiah 2:10 בַ/צּ֔וּר prep det + n c ms Enter into the rock, And hide in the dust, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty.
- Isaiah 2:19 צֻרִ֔ים n c mp Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, And into the holes of the earth, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty, When he arises to shake the earth mightily.
- Isaiah 2:21 הַ/צֻּרִ֔ים ptcl def.art + n c mp To go into the caverns of the rocks, And into the clefts of the ragged rocks, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty, When he arises to shake the earth mightily.
- Isaiah 8:14 וּ/לְ/צ֨וּר conj + prep + n c ms cs He shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
- Isaiah 10:26 בְּ/צ֣וּר prep + n c ms cs Yahweh of Hosts will stir up against him a scourge, as in the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb: and his rod will be over the sea, and he will lift it up after the manner of Egypt.
- Isaiah 17:10 וְ/צ֥וּר conj + n c ms cs For you have forgotten the God of your salvation, and have not been mindful of the rock of your strength; therefore you plant pleasant plants, and set it with strange slips.
- Isaiah 26:4 צ֖וּר n c ms cs Trust in Yahweh forever; for in Yah, Yahweh, is an everlasting Rock.
- Isaiah 30:29 צ֥וּר n c ms cs You shall have a song as in the night when a holy feast is kept; and gladness of heart, as when one goes with a pipe to come to the mountain of Yahweh, to the Rock of Israel.
- Isaiah 44:8 צ֖וּר n c ms Don't fear, neither be afraid: haven't I declared to you of old, and shown it? You are my witnesses. Is there a God besides me? Indeed, there is not. I don't know any Rock.
- Isaiah 48:21 מִ/צּ֖וּר צ֔וּר prep + n c ms n c ms They didn't thirst when he led them through the deserts; he caused the waters to flow out of the rock for them; he split the rock also, and the waters gushed out.
- Isaiah 51:1 צ֣וּר n c ms Listen to me, you who follow after righteousness, you who seek Yahweh: look to the rock whence you were hewn, and to the hold of the pit whence you were dug.
Jeremiah 2 verses
- Jeremiah 18:14 מִ/צּ֛וּר prep + n c ms cs Shall the snow of Lebanon fail from the rock of the field? [or] shall the cold waters that flow down from afar be dried up?
- Jeremiah 21:13 צ֥וּר n c ms cs Behold, I am against you, O inhabitant of the valley, [and] of the rock of the plain, says Yahweh; you that say, Who shall come down against us? or who shall enter into our habitations?
Nahum 1 verse
Habakkuk 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“rock” is the headline sense of the Hebrew noun צור (tsûwr). Carrying more than one sense, it rewards its full sense range. It appears 74 verses across 15 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its moderately common vocabulary. More than a third of its appearances fall in Psalms. Scripture first uses it in Exodus 17:6. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6697 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 74
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 74 distinct verses.
- 15 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 15 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #514
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 514 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 74 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Psalms 26 verses 35%
- Isaiah 11 verses 15%
- Deuteronomy 8 verses 11%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 74 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 35 verses · 47%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 27 verses · 36%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 12 verses · 16%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 5 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Rock 42×, Rocks 6×, Strength 4×
- American Standard Version†: Rock 45×, Rocks 6×, Be my rock 2×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Rock 51×, Rocks 7×, Is my rock 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Rock 40×, Rock of 15×, Rocks 5×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6697 across 78† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 22 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6697 across 78† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 17 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6697 across 77† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 14 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6697 across 80† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 10 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
14 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 14 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
צור I confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare)
Qal
- Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Dt 14:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר 1 K 20:1 +, 2 ms. תָּצוּר Dt 20:19, etc.; Imv. fs. צוּרִ֫י Is 21:2 (after עֲלִי Köi. 444, cf. Ges§ 72 s); Inf. cstr. לָצוּר 1 S 23:8; Pt. pl. צָרִים 1 K 15:27 +;— e.g. Deuteronomy 14:25
- 1. confine, secure (‖ I. צרר), acc. rei + ב of receptacle Dt 14:25; 2 K 5:23; Ez 5:3; complem. om. 2 K 12:11. e.g. Deuteronomy 14:25
- 2. shut in, besiege, c. עַל of city 2 S 11:1; 1 K 15:27; 16:17; 20:1; 2 K 6:24, 25; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11; Is 29:3 (+ acc. of siege-works), Je 32:2; 37:5; 39:9; Dt 20:12; Ez 4:3; Dn 1:1; c. עַל pers. (Within city) 2 S 20:15; 2 K 16:5; Je 21:4, 9; c. אֶל of city (for עַל) Dt 20:19; c. אֶל pers. 1 S 23:8; c. אֵת of city only 1 Ch 20:1 (‖ 2 S 11:1 supr.); abs. Is 21:2.—הִנָּם צָרִים אֶת־הָעִיר עָלֶיךָ Ju 9:31 is corrupt; FrankenbRichterbuch 28 Bu GFMHpt Now מְעִרִים inciting against. e.g. 2 Samuel 11:1
- 3. shut up, enclose: נָצוּר עָלֶיהָ לוּחַ אָ֑רֶז Ct 8:9 (על of maid [under fig. of door] + acc. mater., cf. Is 29:3 supr.); c. sf. pers. ψ 139:5 (fig., י׳ subj.). e.g. Song of Solomon 8:9
צור II
Qal
- Pf. 1 s. וְצַרְתִּ֫י אֶת־צֹרֲרֶיךָ Ex 23:22 (subj. י׳; ‖ וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י אֶת־אֹיְבֶיךָ); Impf. 2 ms. אַל־תָּ֫צַר אֶת־מוֹאָב Dt 2:9; 2 mpl. sf. אַל־תְּצֻרֵם v 19; Pt. הַצָּרִים אוֹתָם Est 8:11. e.g. Exodus 23:22
צור III fashion, delineate (NH id.
Qal
- Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Ez 43:11 (for MT צוּרַת) according to 𝔊 We Sm Co Toy Berthol Krae, and thou shalt delineate the house (cf. הַגֵּד v 10, הוֹדַע וּכְתֹב v 11); Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר אֹתוֹ בַּחֶרֶט Ex 32:4 (E) and fashioned it [the gold] with a graving-tool; וַיָּ֫צַר אֶת־שְׁנֵי הָעַמּוּדִים 1 K 7:15 (+ acc. mater.), read וַיִּצֹּק (יצק), so 𝔊 SS Kit Benz cf. Th; 1 s. sf. אצורך Je 1:5 Kt, v. יצר. e.g. Ezekiel 43:11
צור IV
- 1.
- a. rocky wall, cliff, Ex 17:6(×2) (E), Dt 8:15 (צ׳ הַחַלָּמִישׁ), Is 48:21(×2) ψ 78:15, 20; 105:41; 114:8 (‖ חַלָּמִישׁ); בּוֹא בַצּ׳ Is 2:10, בִּמְעָרוֹת צֻרִים v 19, בְּנִקְרוֹת הַצּ׳ v 21, cf. Ex 33:21, 22 (JE); yielding honey (from its clefts) ψ 81:17 (cf. Dt 32:13; Dy PerlesAnal. 34 We read צוּף); as look-out Nu 23:9 (JE), home of goats 1 S 24:3 (Gi v 2), snow-covered Je 18:14; bearing (olives for) oil Dt 32:13 (חַלְמִישׁ צ׳), Jb 29:6; resort of homeless 24:8, pierced by miners 28:10, cf. perhaps שִׁית בְּצ׳ נְחָלִים אוֹפִיר 22:24 deposit (thy) gold in the rock of the wadys (most sub צֹר pebble); as quarry, fig. of Abr. as ancestor of Isr. Is 51:1; place of security 1 Ch 11:15, צ׳ הַמִּישׁוֹר Je 21:13 (of city), fig. ψ 27:5; 61:3; symb. of firmness Na 1:6; Jb 14:18; 18:4; enduring material 19:24. e.g. Exodus 17:6
- b. rock with flat surface 2 S 21:10; Pr 30:19. e.g. 2 Samuel 21:10
- c. block of stone, boulder Ju 6:21; 13:19 (as altar); cf. צוּר מִכְשׁוֹל Is 8:14 (‖ אֶבֶן נֶגֶף). e.g. Judges 6:21
- d. rock with specif. name, צ׳ עוֹרֵב Ju 7:25; Is 10:26. e.g. Judges 7:25
- 2.
- a. fig. of God (33 times) as support and defence of his people (often ‖ אֱלֹהִים, י׳, etc.), צ׳ מָעֻזֵּךְ Is 17:10, צ׳ מָעוֹז ψ 31:3, צ׳ עֻזִּי 62:8, צ׳ מָעוֹן 71:3, צ׳ יְשֻׁעָתוֹ Dt 32:15 cf. 2 S 22:47 b (but del., v. ‖ ψ 18:47), ψ 89:27; 95:1, צ׳ וִישׁוּעָתִי 62:3, 7, צ׳ מַחְסִי 94:22, צ׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 30:29; 2 S 23:3 (personif.), צוּרִי ψ 18:3, 47 = 2 S 22:3, 47a, ψ 19:15; 28:1; 92:16; 144:1, צ׳ לְבָבִי 73:26, צוּרֵנוּ Dt 32:31, צוּרָם v 30 ψ 78:35; c. בְּ essent. בְּיָהּ י׳ צ׳ עוֹלָמִים Is 26:4 (cf. ψ 62:8; v. ב I. 7 c); as n.pr. dei (the) Rock Dt 32:4, 18 (צ׳ יְלָֽדְךָ), v 37 Hb 1:12, + (perhaps) ψ 75:6 (read בַּצּוּר, v. צַוָּאר; v. also פְּדָהצוּר). e.g. Isaiah 17:10
- b. of a heathen god Dt 32:31, 37, cf. Is 44:8, מִי צוּר מִבַּלְעֲדֵי א׳ 2 S 22:32 ‖ ψ 18:32, cf. 1 S 2:2.—Vid. also בֵּית צוּר and חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים.—ψ 89:44 v. צֹר sub III. צרר, 49:15 v. צוּרָה sub IV. צור. e.g. Deuteronomy 32:31
צור V m. Σουρ (Rock)
- 1. a prince of Midian Nu 25:15; 31:8; Jos 13:21. e.g. Numbers 25:15
- 2. Gibeonite 1 Ch 8:30; 9:36. צוֹר, צֹר Tyre v. p. 862. e.g. 1 Chronicles 8:30
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. vb. confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare); Aramaic צוּר besiege, beleaguer);—
II. vb. shew hostility to, treat as foe (c. acc. pers.) (akin to II. צרר, to which SS assign the forms, but cf. Arabic ضَارَ (ى) act unjustly, also defraud; Syriac ܥܝܳܪܬܳܐ, rival wife);—
III. vb. fashion, delineate (NH id.; so Aramaic צוּר, ܨܘܪ, ܨܳܪ; ܨܽܘܪܬܳܐ picture, Sab. צור, pl. צורת HomChrest. 125 MordtmHim. Inschr. 14, 15; Arabic صُورَةٌ is loan-word according to Fra272);—
IV. n.m. Jb 29:6 rock, cliff;—צ׳ abs. Ex 17:6 +, cstr. Dt 8:15 +; sf. צוּרִי 2 S 22:3, etc.; pl. צֻרִים Nu 23:9 +, צוּרוֹת Jb 28:10; cstr. צוּרֵי 1 S 24:3 (Gi v 2);—
V. n.pr.m. Σουρ (Rock);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from צור (tsûwr) (H6696) — to besiege.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
צוּר I
- rock. Ex. R. s. 15 ומצא שם צ׳ גדול and found there a large rock; a. e.—Pl. צוּרִים. Ib. כאן … על הצ׳ הללו here I will build the fortress, on these rocks.—[Tosef. Pes. VII, 13 שומרי צו׳ ed. Zuck., read: צִירִים, v. צִיר II).—Trnsf. [Protection,] the Lord; (in Agadah derived from יָצַר; v. next w.) the Creator. Ber. 5ᵇ (ref. to Job XVIII, 4) אין צ׳ אלא הקב"ה tsur means the Holy One &c. (with ref. to Deut. XXXII, 18). Lev. R. s. 23 (ref. to Deut. l. c.) התשתם … יוצר you have weakened the power of the Creator. Pirké d’R. El. ch. XLIII מרד בצ׳ עליון rebelled against the Rock on high; a. fr. e.g. Job 18:4
צוּר II
- [to turn,]
- 1. to tie around, wrap. B. Kam. 49ᵇ, a. e. וכי לָצוּר על פי וכ׳ does one want a document to tie around his flask?, i.e. does one care for a paper except for the value it represents? Koh. R. to VIII, 8 (ref. to Zech. XII, 1 ויצר) צָר רוח של אדם בגופו he tied up the spirit of man in his body, v. צָרַר; a. e. e.g. Zechariah 12:1
- 2. to form, shape. Sabb. 75ᵇ הצָר צורה בכלי he who draws a figure on a vessel. Ib. 103ᵇ עד שיָצוּר כולו until he has drawn the entire figure which he intended to draw. Gen. R. s. 7, beg.; Yalk. ib. 11 מדת בו"ד צר צורה … יכול לצור צורה במים (not מלך) a human being draws a design on land, can he draw a design in water?; Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 8. Lev. R. s. 14 לשני ציירין זה צר דמותו וכ׳ like two painters, one paints the likeness of one &c.; a. fr.—Zeb. 94ᵃ, v. infra.
- 3. (with על) to surround, besiege. Sifré Deut. 203 אין צָרִים על עיר וכ׳ we must not begin the siege of a town later than three days before the Sabbath; a. e.—[
- 4. (cmp. זוּר) to press, v. צִיר I.]
- to draw, paint; to embroider. Zeb. 94ᵃ בגד עליו לצַיְּירוֹ … Rashi (ed. עליה לצוּרָהּ; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 1) a garment which one intends to embroider.—Part. pass. מְצוּיָּיר, מְצוּיָּר; f. מְצוּיֶּירֶת; pl. מְצוּיָּירִים, מְצוּיָּירִין; מְצוּיָּירוֹת, מְצוּיָּר׳. Num. R. s. 12; Cant. R. to VI, 4 (not צוויינות); Yalk. Num. 713 (not מצויינות), v. צָב I.
צוּר
- 1. to tie around. Snh. 48ᵃ; Ber. 23ᵇ דאזמניה למֵיצַר … צָר וכ׳ which he designated to wrap T’fillin in; if he did so &c. (v. צְרַר).—Part. צָאֵיר צָיֵיר. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ top הוה צ׳ גולתיה וכ׳ tied Rab’s cloak up &c.; Y. Taan. IV, 67ᶜ.—Part. pass. צָיִיר, צָיִר, צָאִיר. Targ. Job XLI, 7.—Ḥull. 105ᵇ כל מילי דצייר וחתים whatever is tied up or sealed. B. Mets. 24ᵇ אשכח … דצָיְירֵי בסדינא found four Zuzin tied up in a sheet. Lev. R. s. 6; a. fr.
- 2. to draw, shape, design. Targ. Am. IV, 13 דצר ed. Lag. (ed. Wil. דִּיצַר, v. יְצַר). Targ. I Kings VII, 15; a. fr.—Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Esth. VIII, 15; a. e.
- 3. (with על) to besiege. Targ. Deut. II, 19. Targ. O. ib. 9 (Y. תעיק; h. text תצר). Targ. O. ib. XX, 12; 19. Targ. I Sam. XXIII, 8 (ed. Lag. לימצר, read למיצר); a. fr.—Gitt. 56ᵃ צר עלה וכ׳ he besieged it (Jerusalem) three years; a. e.
- 1. to form, shape, paint, engrave. Targ. Job X, 8. Targ. Jer. XXII, 14; a. e.—Part. pass. מְצַיַּיר, מְצַיַּר. Targ. O. Ex. XXV, 33, sq. (h. text משקד׳). Targ. Ez. XXIII, 14 (h. text מחקה). Targ. Y. I Lev. XXVI, 1 (h. text משכית).—Gitt. 36ᵃ; 87ᵇ, v. כַּוְורָא, חֲרוּתָא, מָכוּתָא.
- 2. to tie up, fold under. Men. 37ᵇ האי מאן דצַיְּירֵּיה לגלימיה Rashi (ed. דצרייה; Ar. דצארי) he who folds his cloak (and puts the show-fringes on the fold).
- to be embroidered, shaped. Targ. Ps. CXXXIX, 15 (ed. Wil. אצטיד׳, corr. acc.; h. text רקמ׳).—[Ithpe. אִתְצִיר, אִתְצַר, v. יְצַר.]
צוּר III
- (preced. wds.) [twist,] צ׳ דקל band made of palm-bark (cmp. נֵצֶר III).—Pl. constr. צוּרֵי. Sabb. 90ᵇ צ׳ דקל שתים (Ms. M. צַוָּארֵי; Ar. צָרֵי) he who carries palm-bands abroad (on the Sabbath), has transgressed the law by carrying two strips.
צוּר ²
- —Pl. צוּרֵי. Ab. Zar. 75ᵃ bot. חבלי דצ׳ (Ar. צרי) ropes made of palm-bands.
צוֹר
- (b. h.) pr. n. pl. Tyre in Phœnicia. Gen. R. s. 61 end כל צ׳ … מלא בצ׳ מדינה וכ׳ wherever in Scripture Tsor is written plene, the city of Tyre is meant, where it is defective (צר enemy), Rome is meant; Tanḥ. Bo 4; Pesik. R. s. 17. Y. B. Kam. IV, 4ᵇ סולמייא דצ׳; Y. Ab. Zar. I, 40ᵃ bot., v. סוּלָּם, סוּלָּמָא; a. fr.—Denom. צוֹרִי, צוֹרִיִּי. Bekh. VIII, 7, a. e. מנה צ׳, v. מָנֶה. Yalk. Deut. 821 סייף צוריי a Tyrian sword (Tanḥ. Vaëtḥ. 6 הנדיי). Maasr. III, 5, v. חָצֵר; a. fr.—Chald. צוֹרָאָה; pl. צוֹרָאֵי, צוֹרָיֵיא. Y. Sabb. II, 4ᶜ bot.; Y. Meg. II, 73ᵇ bot.
צַוַּר
- , v. צַיַּאר
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 54 distinct written forms H6697 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6697, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 11 — not the complete family. 3 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 62 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 74 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Exodus 17:6
- Numbers 23:9
- Deuteronomy 8:15
- Joshua 5:2
- Judges 6:21
- 1 Samuel 2:2
- 2 Samuel 21:10
- 1 Chronicles 11:15
- Job 14:18
- Psalms 18:2
- Proverbs 30:19
- Isaiah 2:10
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
