בַּ֫עַד
behind
also: through, round about, on behalf of, away from fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Preposition
- A relational word (e.g. “in,” “to,” “from”) governing a noun.
Grammatical forms
- Preposition 102 times (99%)
- Adverb 1 time (1%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 103 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H1157 appears — 81 distinct verses across 24 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 4 verses
- Genesis 7:16 בַּֽעֲדֽ/וֹ prep + sfx pers 3ms Those who went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God commanded him; and Yahweh shut him in.
- Genesis 20:7 בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖ prep + sfx pers 2ms Now therefore, restore the man's wife. For he is a prophet, and he will pray for you, and you will live. If you don't restore her, know for sure that you will die, you, and all who are yours."
- Genesis 20:18 בְּעַ֥ד prep For Yahweh had closed up tight all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah, Abraham's wife.
- Genesis 26:8 בְּעַ֖ד prep It happened, when he had been there a long time, that Abimelech king of the Philistines looked out at a window, and saw, and, behold, Isaac was caressing Rebekah, his wife.
Exodus 2 verses
- Exodus 8:28 בַּעֲדִֽ/י prep + sfx pers 1cs Pharaoh said, "I will let you go, that you may sacrifice to Yahweh your God in the wilderness, only you shall not go very far away. Pray for me."
- Exodus 32:30 בְּעַ֥ד prep It happened on the next day, that Moses said to the people, "You have sinned a great sin. Now I will go up to Yahweh. Perhaps I shall make atonement for your sin."
Leviticus 5 verses
- Leviticus 9:7 בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖ וּ/בְעַ֣ד בַּֽעֲדָ֔/ם prep + sfx pers 2ms conj + prep prep + sfx pers 3mp Moses said to Aaron, "Draw near to the altar, and offer your sin offering, and your burnt offering, and make atonement for yourself, and for the people; and offer the offering of the people, and make atonement for them; as Yahweh commanded."
- Leviticus 16:6 בַּעֲד֖/וֹ וּ/בְעַ֥ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep "Aaron shall offer the bull of the sin offering, which is for himself, and make atonement for himself and for his house.
- Leviticus 16:11 בַּֽעֲד֖/וֹ וּ/בְעַ֣ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep "Aaron shall present the bull of the sin offering, which is for himself, and shall make atonement for himself and for his house, and shall kill the bull of the sin offering which is for himself.
- Leviticus 16:17 בַּעֲד/וֹ֙ וּ/בְעַ֣ד וּ/בְעַ֖ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep conj + prep There shall be no one in the Tent of Meeting when he enters to make atonement in the Holy Place, until he comes out, and has made atonement for himself and for his household, and for all the assembly of Israel.
- Leviticus 16:24 בַּעֲד֖/וֹ וּ/בְעַ֥ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep Then he shall bathe himself in water in a holy place, and put on his garments, and come out and offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people, and make atonement for himself and for the people.
Numbers 1 verse
Deuteronomy 1 verse
Joshua 1 verse
Judges 4 verses
- Judges 3:22 בְּעַ֣ד prep and the haft also went in after the blade; and the fat closed on the blade, for he didn't draw the sword out of his body; and it came out behind.
- Judges 3:23 בַּעֲד֖/וֹ prep + sfx pers 3ms Then Ehud went forth into the porch, and shut the doors of the upper room on him, and locked them.
- Judges 5:28 בְּעַד֩ בְּעַ֣ד prep prep Through the window she looked forth, and cried, The mother of Sisera [cried] through the lattice, Why is his chariot so long in coming? Why do the wheels of his chariots wait?
- Judges 9:51 בַּעֲדָ֑/ם prep + sfx pers 3mp But there was a strong tower within the city, and there fled all the men and women, and all they of the city, and shut themselves in, and got them up to the roof of the tower.
1 Samuel 7 verses
- 1 Samuel 1:6 בְּעַ֥ד prep Her rival provoked her sore, to make her fret, because Yahweh had shut up her womb.
- 1 Samuel 4:18 בְּעַ֣ד prep It happened, when he made mention of the ark of God, that [Eli] fell from off his seat backward by the side of the gate; and his neck broke, and he died: for he was an old man, and heavy. He had judged Israel forty years.
- 1 Samuel 7:5 בַּעַדְ/כֶ֖ם prep + sfx pers 2mp Samuel said, Gather all Israel to Mizpah, and I will pray for you to Yahweh.
- 1 Samuel 7:9 בְּעַ֣ד prep Samuel took a sucking lamb, and offered it for a whole burnt-offering to Yahweh: and Samuel cried to Yahweh for Israel; and Yahweh answered him.
- 1 Samuel 12:19 בְּעַד prep All the people said to Samuel, Pray for your servants to Yahweh your God, that we not die; for we have added to all our sins [this] evil, to ask us a king.
- 1 Samuel 12:23 בַּעַדְ/כֶ֑ם prep + sfx pers 2mp Moreover as for me, far be it from me that I should sin against Yahweh in ceasing to pray for you: but I will instruct you in the good and the right way.
- 1 Samuel 19:12 בְּעַ֣ד prep So Michal let David down through the window: and he went, and fled, and escaped.
2 Samuel 4 verses
- 2 Samuel 6:16 בְּעַ֣ד prep It was so, as the ark of Yahweh came into the city of David, that Michal the daughter of Saul looked out at the window, and saw king David leaping and dancing before Yahweh; and she despised him in her heart.
- 2 Samuel 10:12 בְּעַד וּ/בְעַ֖ד prep conj + prep Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Yahweh do that which seems him good.
- 2 Samuel 12:16 בְּעַ֣ד prep David therefore begged God for the child; and David fasted, and went in, and lay all night on the earth.
- 2 Samuel 20:21 בְּעַ֥ד prep The matter is not so: but a man of the hill-country of Ephraim, Sheba the son of Bichri by name, has lifted up his hand against the king, even against David; deliver him only, and I will depart from the city. The woman said to Joab, Behold, his head shall be thrown to you over the wall.
1 Kings 1 verse
2 Kings 8 verses
- 2 Kings 1:2 בְּעַ֣ד prep Ahaziah fell down through the lattice in his upper chamber that was in Samaria, and was sick: and he sent messengers, and said to them, Go, inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this sickness.
- 2 Kings 4:4 בַּעֲדֵ֣/ךְ וּ/בְעַד prep + sfx pers 2fs conj + prep You shall go in, and shut the door on you and on your sons, and pour out into all those vessels; and you shall set aside that which is full.
- 2 Kings 4:5 בַּעֲדָ֖/הּ וּ/בְעַ֣ד prep + sfx pers 3fs conj + prep So she went from him, and shut the door on her and on her sons; they brought [the vessels] to her, and she poured out.
- 2 Kings 4:21 בַּעֲד֖/וֹ prep + sfx pers 3ms She went up and laid him on the bed of the man of God, and shut [the door] on him, and went out.
- 2 Kings 4:33 בְּעַ֣ד prep He went in therefore, and shut the door on them both, and prayed to Yahweh.
- 2 Kings 9:30 בְּעַ֥ד prep When Jehu was come to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and attired her head, and looked out at the window.
- 2 Kings 19:4 בְּעַ֥ד prep It may be Yahweh your God will hear all the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master has sent to defy the living God, and will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard. Therefore lift up your prayer for the remnant that is left.
- 2 Kings 22:13 בַּעֲדִ֣/י וּ/בְעַד וּ/בְעַד֙ prep + sfx pers 1cs conj + prep conj + prep Go you, inquire of Yahweh for me, and for the people, and for all Judah, concerning the words of this book that is found; for great is the wrath of Yahweh that is kindled against us, because our fathers have not listened to the words of this book, to do according to all that which is written concerning us.
1 Chronicles 2 verses
- 1 Chronicles 15:29 בְּעַ֣ד prep It happened, as the ark of the covenant of Yahweh came to the city of David, that Michal the daughter of Saul looked out at the window, and saw king David dancing and playing; and she despised him in her heart.
- 1 Chronicles 19:13 בְּעַד וּ/בְעַ֖ד prep conj + prep Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Yahweh do that which seems him good.
2 Chronicles 2 verses
- 2 Chronicles 30:18 בְּעַֽד prep For a multitude of the people, even many of Ephraim and Manasseh, Issachar and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet did they eat the Passover otherwise than it is written. For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying, The good Yahweh pardon everyone
- 2 Chronicles 34:21 בַּעֲדִ֗/י וּ/בְעַד֙ prep + sfx pers 1cs conj + prep Go you, inquire of Yahweh for me, and for those who are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found; for great is the wrath of Yahweh that is poured out on us, because our fathers have not kept the word of Yahweh, to do according to all that is written in this book.
Job 8 verses
- Job 1:10 בַעֲד֧/וֹ וּ/בְעַד וּ/בְעַ֥ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep conj + prep Haven't you made a hedge around him, and around his house, and around all that he has, on every side? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his substance is increased in the land.
- Job 2:4 בְּעַד בְּעַ֥ד prep prep Satan answered Yahweh, and said, "Skin for skin. Yes, all that a man has will he give for his life.
- Job 3:23 בַּעֲדֽ/וֹ prep + sfx pers 3ms Why is light given to a man whose way is hid, Whom God has hedged in?
- Job 6:22 בַעֲדִֽ/י prep + sfx pers 1cs Did I say, 'Give to me?' Or, 'Offer a present for me from your substance?'
- Job 9:7 וּ/בְעַ֖ד conj + prep Who commands the sun, and it doesn't rise, And seals up the stars;
- Job 22:13 הַ/בְעַ֖ד ptcl inter + prep You say, 'What does God know? Can he judge through the thick darkness?
- Job 42:8 בַּֽעַדְ/כֶ֔ם prep + sfx pers 2mp Now therefore, take to yourselves seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you, for I will accept him, that I not deal with you according to your folly. For you have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job has."
- Job 42:10 בְּעַ֣ד prep Yahweh turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends. Yahweh gave Job twice as much as he had before.
Psalms 4 verses
- Psalms 3:3 בַּעֲדִ֑/י prep + sfx pers 1cs But you, Yahweh, are a shield around me, My glory, and the one who lifts up my head.
- Psalms 72:15 בַּעֲד֣/וֹ prep + sfx pers 3ms They shall live, and to him shall be given of the gold of Sheba. Men shall pray for him continually. They shall bless him all day long.
- Psalms 138:8 בַּ֫עֲדִ֥/י prep + sfx pers 1cs Yahweh will fulfill that which concerns me; Your loving kindness, Yahweh, endures forever. Don't forsake the works of your own hands.
- Psalms 139:11 בַּעֲדֵֽ/נִי prep + sfx pers 1cs If I say, "Surely the darkness will overwhelm me; The light around me will be night;"
Proverbs 4 verses
- Proverbs 6:26 בְעַד prep For a prostitute reduces you to a piece of bread. The adulteress hunts for your precious life.
- Proverbs 7:6 בְּעַ֖ד prep For at the window of my house, I looked out through my lattice.
- Proverbs 20:16 וּ/בְעַ֖ד conj + prep Take the garment of one who puts up collateral for a stranger; And hold him in pledge for a wayward woman.
- Proverbs 27:13 וּ/בְעַ֖ד conj + prep Take his garment when he puts up collateral for a stranger; Hold it for a wayward woman!
Song of Solomon 3 verses
- Song of Solomon 4:1 מִ/בַּ֖עַד prep + prep Behold, you are beautiful, my love. Behold, you are beautiful. Your eyes are doves behind your veil. Your hair is as a flock of goats, That descend from Mount Gilead.
- Song of Solomon 4:3 מִ/בַּ֖עַד prep + prep Your lips are like scarlet thread. Your mouth is lovely. Your temples are like a piece of a pomegranate behind your veil.
- Song of Solomon 6:7 מִ/בַּ֖עַד prep + prep Your temples are like a piece of a pomegranate behind your veil.
Isaiah 5 verses
- Isaiah 7:8 וּ/בְ/ע֗וֹד conj + prep + adv For the head of Syria is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; and within sixty-five years Ephraim shall be broken in pieces, so that it shall not be a people;
- Isaiah 8:19 בְּעַ֥ד prep When they shall tell you, "Consult with those who have familiar spirits and with the wizards, who chirp and who mutter:" shouldn't a people consult with their God? on behalf of the living [should they consult] with the dead?
- Isaiah 26:20 בַּעֲדֶ֑/ךָ prep + sfx pers 2ms Come, my people, enter you into your chambers, and shut your doors about you: hide yourself for a little moment, until the indignation be past.
- Isaiah 32:14 בְעַ֤ד prep For the palace shall be forsaken; the populous city shall be deserted; the hill and the watch-tower shall be for dens forever, a joy of wild donkeys, a pasture of flocks;
- Isaiah 37:4 בְּעַ֥ד prep It may be Yahweh your God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master has sent to defy the living God, and will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard. Therefore lift up your prayer for the remnant that is left.
Jeremiah 7 verses
- Jeremiah 7:16 בְּעַד בַעֲדָ֛/ם prep prep + sfx pers 3mp Therefore don't you pray for this people, neither lift up a cry nor prayer for them, neither make intercession to me; for I will not hear you.
- Jeremiah 11:14 בְּעַד בַעֲדָ֖/ם בְּעַ֥ד prep prep + sfx pers 3mp prep Therefore don't you pray for this people, neither lift up cry nor prayer for them; for I will not hear them in the time that they cry to me because of their trouble.
- Jeremiah 14:11 בְּעַד prep Yahweh said to me, Don't pray for this people for [their] good.
- Jeremiah 21:2 בַעֲדֵ֨/נוּ֙ prep + sfx pers 1cp Please inquire of Yahweh for us; for Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon makes war against us: peradventure Yahweh will deal with us according to all his wondrous works, that he may go up from us.
- Jeremiah 29:7 בַעֲדָ֖/הּ prep + sfx pers 3fs Seek the peace of the city where I have caused you to be carried away captive, and pray to Yahweh for it; for in the peace of it shall you have peace.
- Jeremiah 37:3 בַעֲדֵ֔/נוּ prep + sfx pers 1cp Zedekiah the king sent Jehucal the son of Shelemiah, and Zephaniah the son of Maaseiah, the priest, to the prophet Jeremiah, saying, Pray now to Yahweh our God for us.
- Jeremiah 42:2 בְּעַ֖ד prep and said to Jeremiah the prophet, Let, we pray you, our supplication be presented before you, and pray for us to Yahweh your God, even for all this remnant; for we are left but a few of many, as your eyes do see us:
Lamentations 1 verse
Ezekiel 3 verses
- Ezekiel 22:30 בְּעַ֥ד prep I sought for a man among them, who should build up the wall, and stand in the gap before me for the land, that I should not destroy it; but I found none.
- Ezekiel 45:17 בְּעַ֥ד prep It shall be the prince's part to give the burnt offerings, and the meal-offerings, and the drink-offerings, in the feasts, and on the new moons, and on the Sabbaths, in all the appointed feasts of the house of Israel: he shall prepare the sin-offering, and the meal-offering, and the burnt offering, and the peace-offerings, to make atonement for the house of Israel.
- Ezekiel 45:22 בַּעֲד֕/וֹ וּ/בְעַ֖ד prep + sfx pers 3ms conj + prep On that day shall the prince prepare for himself and for all the people of the land a bull for a sin-offering.
Joel 2 verses
Jonah 1 verse
Zechariah 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew preposition בעד centers on the idea of “behind.” Alongside “behind” the lexicon also lists “through”, “round about”, and “on behalf of” — part of its full sense range. It turns up in 81 verses across 24 books, a moderately common footprint. Its earliest occurrence is Genesis 7:16. It shares a root with עד, עד and עדן. Dig into 81-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H1157 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 81
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 81 distinct verses.
- 24 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 24 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #415
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 415 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 81 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 81 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 44 verses · 54%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 24 verses · 30%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 13 verses · 16%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Within 3×, Upon 2×
- American Standard Version: Behind 3×, Upon 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: For 24×, Behalf 6×, Through 6×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: For 15×, Behalf of 13×, Through 11×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H1157 across 19 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 14 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H1157 across 19 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 14 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H1157 across 87 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 17 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H1157 across 100 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 21 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 5 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. lit.
- a. with vbs. of falling, letting down, leaning forward so as to look out, through (lit. away from) a window, etc.: Jos 2:15 and she let him down by a cord בְּעַד הַחַלּוֹן away from the window, i.e. out through it, 1 S 19:12 2 S 20:21 2 K 1:2 and A. fell בְּעַד הַשְּׂבָכָה out through the lattice; Gn 26:8 Ju 5:28 out through the window נִשְׁקְפָה she looked forth (lit. leant forward), 2 S 6:16 +; pregn. Jb 22:13 will he judge בְּעַד עֲרָפֶל (looking) out through the thick clouds? Conversely Jo 2:9 in through the windows they come (the locusts) as a thief. e.g. Joshua 2:15
- b. idiom. with vbs. of shutting, especially סָגַר בְּעַד to shut behind or upon—whether one-self, Ju 9:51 and they entered the tower וַיִּסְגְּרוּ בַּעֲדָם and shut (the doors) upon themselves (sc. from the inside), 2 K 4:4, 5, 33 Is 26:20; or another, Gn 7:16 וַיִּסְגֹּר י׳ בַּעֲדוֹ and י׳ shut behind or upon him (sc. from the outside), i.e. shut him in, Ju 3:23 (the sf. in בַּעֲדוֹ referring to Eglon), 2 K 4:21 (but N.B. persons leaving a room shut the door אַחֲרֵי themselves Gn 19:6 2 S 13:17, 18): see also Ju 3:22 1 S 1:6 סָגַר י׳ בְּעַד רַחְמָהּ (cf. Gn 20:18 עָצַר בְּעַד רֶחֶם), Jb 9:7 חָתַם בְּעַד to seal up, 1:10; 3:23 בְּעַד (הֵסֵךְ) שׂוּךְ to make a hedge about, La 3:7 גָּדַר בְּעַד to fence about. Somewhat peculiarly Am 9:10 (who say,) Evil will not draw near, or come in front בַּעֲדֵינוּ so as to be about us (but Gr עָדֵינוּ unto us), Jo 2:8 (of the locusts) בְּעַד הַשֶּׁלַח יִפֹּ֑לוּ (prob.) in among the weapons they throw themselves (i.e. they pass about and between them without being injured or having their course impeded), 1 S 4:18 and Eli fell backward בְּעַד יַד הַשַּׁעַר, i.e. (si vera l.) about the side of the gate: but text dub.; v. Dr Without a vb. Jon 2:7 the earth, בְּרִיחֶיהָ בַעֲדִי her bars were upon me (or about me) for ever, ψ 139:11 night shall be the light above me, ψ 3:4 thou מָגֵן בַּעֲדִי art a shield about me. Hence e.g. Judges 9:51
- c. after a vb. of protecting, †Zc 12:8 in that day יָגֵן י׳ בְּעַד יושׁב ירושׁלם will י׳ give protection about, etc. e.g. Zechariah 12:8
- 2. metaph. on behalf of (ὑπέρ); very freq. after הִתְפַּלֵּל Gn 20:7 Nu 21:7 1 S 7:5 ψ 72:15 +; also with other vbs. of entreating Ex 8:24 1 S 7:9, or consulting (דָּרַשׁ) Is 8:19 2 K 22:13 Je 21:2; with כִּפֶּר atone Ex 32:30 Lv 9:7; 11:6, 11 +, עָשָׂה (= offer) †Ez 45:22: see also 2 S 10:12; 12:16 Is 37:4 Je 7:16; 11:14 Ez 22:30 Pr 20:16; 27:13 ψ 138:8 Jb 2:4 עוֹר בְּעַד עוֹר (v. עוֹר), 6:22. Almost = for the sake of, on account of Pr 6:26 Je 11:14 (but 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 and many MSS. בְּעֵת רָעָתָם, cf. v 12 15:11). Is 32:14 hill and watch-tower הָיָה בְעַד מְעָרוֹת are come to be on behalf of (i.e. take the place of, serve as) caves for ever: but use is singular, and בְּעַד is prob. only dittogr. from מער in מערות (so Gr).—With מִן, מִבַּעַד לְ׳ (cf. מִמַּעַל לְ׳, מִתַּהַת לְ׳): †Ct 4:1, 3; 6:7 thine eyes are doves מִבַּעַד לְצַמָּתֵךְ from behind thy veil. Cf. on בַּעַד GrätzMonataschrift, 1879, 49 ff. e.g. Genesis 20:7
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
subst. proposes separation, with a gen., in separation from, in usage a prep. away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Arabic بَعْدُ, of time, after)—abs. †Ct 4:1, 3; 6:7, elsewhere cstr. בְּעַד, with sf. בַּעֲדִי Ex 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִי †ψ 139:11; בַּעַדְךָ Gn 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֹ etc.; 1 pl. בַּעֲדֵנוּ, †Am 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ; בַּעַדְכֶם 1 S 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם Lv 9:7 +;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from עד (ʻad) (H5704) — until.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
בעד
- (Arab.) to keep off. Imper. IV אַבְעִד. Cant. R. to IV, 1 (ref. to מבעד ib.) ל׳ ערבי וכ׳ it is Arabic; if one desires to say to one, Make room for me (or, Let me alone), he says אבעד לי (some ed. מבעד).
עַד
- turn, continuation; (prep.) up to, until, during, while; in place of. B. Mets. 87ᵃ; Snh. 107ᵇ עד אברהם up to Abraham’s time, v. זִקְנָה. B. Kam. 55ᵃ עד שאתה שואלני וכ׳ during the time that &c., instead of asking me &c. Gen. R. s. 58 עד שלא ישקיע וכ׳ before yet the Lord causes the sun of one righteous man to set, he causes that of another to rise. Kidd. 29ᵇ עד כ׳ שנה until a person is twenty years old. Ib. 31ᵃ עד היכן כיבוד וכ׳ how far does the duty of honoring parents go?; a. v. fr.—Ber. 26ᵇ (ref. to ib. IV, 1 ‘up to four hours’) עד וָעַד בכלל וכ׳ does it mean ‘up to’, and that ‘up to’ included, i.e. including the whole fourth hour of the day, or excluding the fourth hour? Nidd. 58ᵇ לימא בעד ועד בכלל קמיפלגי shall we say, their difference turns on the question whether ‘until’ is meant to include or to exclude the terminus? Ib. איכא עד ועד בכלל ואיכא עד ולא עד בכלל sometimes ‘until’ means inclusive of, and sometimes exclusive of. Ib. קמיפלגי בעד ועד דהכא they differ as to the meaning of the word ‘until’ in this case (in the Mishnah); a. fr.—בַּעַד, בְּעַד (cmp. עֲבוּר) in behalf of, for, about. Midr. Till. to Ps. IV וכי … הפונדק בַּעֲדֵינוּ (our w. missing in ed. Bub.) has that innkeeper opened his shop for the first time today, for our benefit? Midr. Till. to Ps. XII שאל בַּעֲדוֹ וכ׳ he inquired about him, where is he?; a. e.—וָעֶד, v. עוֹלָם.
עַד ²
- Targ. Gen. II, 5. Ib. XIV, 14; a. v. fr.—B. Bath. 21ᵃ עד שית לא תקביל up to six years of age admit no child to school. Gen. R. s. 44ᵃ, a. e. עד דסנדלך, v. כּוּבָּא I. Lam. R. to III, 20 עד דשמינא וכ׳, v. חֲשִׁיךְ II; a. fr.
עֹד
- v. עוֹד
עד
- , Targ. O. Lev. XI, 13 ed. Amst., v. עַר.
עֵד
- [present, confirming,] (cmp. סהד) witness, evidence. Ḥull. 10ᵇ, a. e. עד אחד נאמן וכ׳ in matters of ritual the statement of one witness is sufficient. Bekh. 36ᵃ, a. e. עד מפי עד a witness testifying to what he has heard from an eye-witness. R. Hash. 26, a. e. אין עד נעשה דיין a witness in the case cannot act as judge. Keth. 21ᵇ עד נעשה דיין a witness may act as judge; a. v. fr.—Pl. עֵדִים. Ib. דיינים המכירין חתימות ידי ע׳ if the judges know (can identify) the signatures of the witnesses to a document. Ib. II, 3 הע׳ שאמרו וכ׳ if witnesses declare, this is our signature, but we have been forced &c. Ib. 5 אם יש ע׳ וכ׳ if there is evidence that she was a married woman.—Kidd. 48ᵃ, a. fr. עידֵי חתימה, ע׳ מסירה, v. כְּרַת; a. v. fr.—Trnsf. evidence, proof. Sabb. 81ᵃ אם יש עליה עד (euphem.) if there is an evidence (stain of excrements) on it. B. Kam. 11ᵃ top (ref. to Ex. XXII, 12) יביא עד עורה Ar. (ed. אדורה, עדודה, v. אָדַר) he shall offer in evidence its hide.—Esp. a piece of cloth used by women for ascertaining their condition of cleanness or uncleanness. Nidd. VIII, 4 עד שהוא נתון וכ׳ if an examining rag (after use) has been put under the cushion &c. Ib. 14ᵇ; 12ᵃ משל לשמש ועד וכ׳ to speak allegorically (euphemistically), the servant and the examiner stand by the side of the threshold &c. (v. שַׁמָּשׁ). Ib. זהו עֵדָן של צנועות (Ar. עֵידָן) this (special) rag is that of the chaste women; a. fr.—Pl. as ab. Ib. I, 7. Ib. II, 1; a. fr. e.g. Exodus 22:12
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 51 distinct written forms H1157 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| בְּעַ֥ד | Preposition | Deuteronomy 9:20 | 14 |
| בְּעַ֣ד | Preposition | 1 Chronicles 15:29 | 12 |
| בְּעַד | Preposition | 1 Chronicles 19:13 | 7 |
| וּ/בְעַ֖ד | Preposition | Ezekiel 45:22 | 7 |
| בַּעֲד֖/וֹ | Preposition | 2 Kings 4:21 | 4 |
| וּ/בְעַ֣ד | Preposition | 2 Kings 4:5 | 4 |
| וּ/בְעַ֥ד | Preposition | Job 1:10 | 4 |
| בְּעַ֖ד | Preposition | Genesis 26:8 | 3 |
| וּ/בְעַד | Preposition | 2 Kings 4:4 | 3 |
| מִ/בַּ֖עַד | Preposition | Song of Solomon 4:1 | 3 |
| וּ/בְעַד֙ | Preposition | 2 Chronicles 34:21 | 2 |
| בְעַ֤ד | Preposition | Isaiah 32:14 | 1 |
| בְעַד | Preposition | Proverbs 6:26 | 1 |
| בַעֲד֧/וֹ | Preposition | Job 1:10 | 1 |
| בַעֲדִ֖/י | Preposition | Jonah 2:6 | 1 |
| בַעֲדִֽ/י | Preposition | Job 6:22 | 1 |
| בַעֲדֵ֔/נוּ | Preposition | Jeremiah 37:3 | 1 |
| בַעֲדֵ֨/נוּ֙ | Preposition | Jeremiah 21:2 | 1 |
| בַעֲדָ֖/הּ | Preposition | Jeremiah 29:7 | 1 |
| בַעֲדָ֖/ם | Preposition | Jeremiah 11:14 | 1 |
| בַעֲדָ֛/ם | Preposition | Jeremiah 7:16 | 1 |
| בְּעַ֧ד | Preposition | Joel 2:9 | 1 |
| בְּעַֽד | Preposition | 2 Chronicles 30:18 | 1 |
| בְּעַד֙ | Preposition | Zechariah 12:8 | 1 |
| בְּעַד֩ | Preposition | Judges 5:28 | 1 |
| בַּ֫עֲדִ֥/י | Preposition | Psalms 138:8 | 1 |
| בַּֽעֲד֖/וֹ | Preposition | Leviticus 16:11 | 1 |
| בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖ | Preposition | Leviticus 9:7 | 1 |
| בַּעֲד/וֹ֙ | Preposition | Leviticus 16:17 | 1 |
| בַּעֲד֕/וֹ | Preposition | Ezekiel 45:22 | 1 |
| בַּעֲד֣/וֹ | Preposition | Psalms 72:15 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִ֑/י | Preposition | Psalms 3:3 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִ֔/י | Preposition | 1 Kings 13:6 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִ֗/י | Preposition | 2 Chronicles 34:21 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִ֛/י | Preposition | Lamentations 3:7 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִ֣/י | Preposition | 2 Kings 22:13 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדִֽ/י | Preposition | Exodus 8:28 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדֵ֣/ךְ | Preposition | 2 Kings 4:4 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדֵֽ/נִי | Preposition | Psalms 139:11 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדֶ֑/ךָ | Preposition | Isaiah 26:20 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדָ֑/ם | Preposition | Judges 9:51 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדָ֖/הּ | Preposition | 2 Kings 4:5 | 1 |
| בַּעֲדֽ/וֹ | Preposition | Job 3:23 | 1 |
| בַּעַדְ/כֶ֑ם | Preposition | 1 Samuel 12:23 | 1 |
| בַּעַדְ/כֶ֖ם | Preposition | 1 Samuel 7:5 | 1 |
| בַּֽעֲדָ֔/ם | Preposition | Leviticus 9:7 | 1 |
| בַּֽעֲדֽ/וֹ | Preposition | Genesis 7:16 | 1 |
| בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖ | Preposition | Genesis 20:7 | 1 |
| בַּֽעַדְ/כֶ֔ם | Preposition | Job 42:8 | 1 |
| הַ/בְעַ֖ד | Preposition | Job 22:13 | 1 |
| וּ/בְ/ע֗וֹד | Adverb | Isaiah 7:8 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1157, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 81 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 81 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 7:16
- Exodus 8:28
- Leviticus 9:7
- Numbers 21:7
- Deuteronomy 9:20
- Joshua 2:15
- Judges 3:22
- 1 Samuel 1:6
- 2 Samuel 6:16
- 1 Kings 13:6
- 2 Kings 1:2
- 1 Chronicles 15:29
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
