עֵ֫בֶר
side
‘side’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Construct-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
62 distinct verses where H5676 appears in the Construct state, across 16 books. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 2 verses
- Genesis 50:10 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs They came to the threshing floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they lamented with a very great and sore lamentation. He mourned for his father seven days.
- Genesis 50:11 בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs When the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning in the floor of Atad, they said, "This is a grievous mourning by the Egyptians." Therefore, the name of it was called Abel Mizraim, which is beyond the Jordan.
Exodus 4 verses
- Exodus 25:37 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs You shall make its lamps seven, and they shall light its lamps to give light to the space in front of it.
- Exodus 28:26 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs You shall make two rings of gold, and you shall put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which is toward the side of the ephod inward.
- Exodus 32:15 עֶבְרֵי/הֶ֔ם n c mp cs + sfx pers 3mp Moses turned, and went down from the mountain, with the two tablets of the testimony in his hand; tablets that were written on both their sides; on the one side and on the other they were written.
- Exodus 39:19 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs They made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on the edge of it, which was toward the side of the ephod inward.
Numbers 2 verses
- Numbers 21:13 מֵ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs From there they traveled, and encamped on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness, that comes out of the border of the Amorites: for the Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
- Numbers 32:19 מֵ/עֵ֥בֶר מֵ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms prep + n c ms cs For we will not inherit with them on the other side of the Jordan, and forward; because our inheritance is fallen to us on this side of the Jordan eastward.
Deuteronomy 11 verses
- Deuteronomy 1:1 בְּ/עֵ֖בֶר prep + n c ms cs These are the words which Moses spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan in the wilderness, in the Arabah over against Suph, between Paran, and Tophel, and Laban, and Hazeroth, and Dizahab.
- Deuteronomy 1:5 בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs Beyond the Jordan, in the land of Moab, began Moses to declare this law, saying,
- Deuteronomy 3:8 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs We took the land at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon;
- Deuteronomy 3:20 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs until Yahweh give rest to your brothers, as to you, and they also possess the land which Yahweh your God gives them beyond the Jordan: then shall you return every man to his possession, which I have given you.
- Deuteronomy 3:25 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Please let me go over and see the good land that is beyond the Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon.
- Deuteronomy 4:41 בְּ/עֵ֖בֶר prep + n c ms cs Then Moses set apart three cities beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise;
- Deuteronomy 4:46 בְּ/עֵ֨בֶר prep + n c ms cs beyond the Jordan, in the valley over against Beth Peor, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon, whom Moses and the children of Israel struck, when they came forth out of Egypt.
- Deuteronomy 4:47 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs They took his land in possession, and the land of Og king of Bashan, the two kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise;
- Deuteronomy 4:49 עֵ֤בֶר n c ms cs and all the Arabah beyond the Jordan eastward, even to the sea of the Arabah, under the slopes of Pisgah.
- Deuteronomy 11:30 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Aren't they beyond the Jordan, behind the way of the going down of the sun, in the land of the Canaanites who dwell in the Arabah, over against Gilgal, beside the oaks of Moreh?
- Deuteronomy 30:13 מֵ/עֵ֥בֶר עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms n c ms cs Neither is it beyond the sea, that you should say, Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it to us, and make us to hear it, that we may do it?
Joshua 19 verses
- Joshua 1:14 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but you shall pass over before your brothers armed, all the mighty men of valor, and shall help them;
- Joshua 1:15 בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs until Yahweh have given your brothers rest, as [he has given] you, and they also have possessed the land which Yahweh your God gives them: then you shall return to the land of your possession, and possess it, which Moses the servant of Yahweh gave you beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise.
- Joshua 2:10 בְּ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs For we have heard how Yahweh dried up the water of the Red Sea before you, when you came out of Egypt; and what you did to the two kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and to Og, whom you utterly destroyed.
- Joshua 5:1 בְּ/עֵ֨בֶר prep + n c ms cs It happened, when all the kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, who were by the sea, heard how that Yahweh had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.
- Joshua 7:7 בְּ/עֵ֖בֶר prep + n c ms cs Joshua said, Alas, Lord Yahweh, why have you at all brought this people over the Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to cause us to perish? would that we had been content and lived beyond the Jordan!
- Joshua 9:1 בְּ/עֵ֨בֶר prep + n c ms cs It happened, when all the kings who were beyond the Jordan, in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and on all the shore of the great sea in front of Lebanon, the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard of it;
- Joshua 9:10 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon king of Heshbon, and to Og king of Bashan, who was at Ashtaroth.
- Joshua 12:1 בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel struck, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:
- Joshua 12:7 בְּ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel struck beyond the Jordan westward, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon even to Mount Halak, that goes up to Seir; and Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions;
- Joshua 13:8 בְּ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs With him the Reubenites and the Gadites received their inheritance, which Moses gave them, beyond the Jordan eastward, even as Moses the servant of Yahweh gave them:
- Joshua 13:27 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs and in the valley, Beth Haram, and Beth Nimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, the Jordan and the border [of it], to the uttermost part of the sea of Chinnereth beyond the Jordan eastward.
- Joshua 22:4 בְּ/עֵ֖בֶר prep + n c ms cs Now Yahweh your God has given rest to your brothers, as he spoke to them: therefore now turn you, and get you to your tents, to the land of your possession, which Moses the servant of Yahweh gave you beyond the Jordan.
- Joshua 22:7 מ/עבר בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs prep + n c ms cs Now to the one half-tribe of Manasseh Moses had given [inheritance] in Bashan; but to the other half gave Joshua among their brothers beyond the Jordan westward; moreover when Joshua sent them away to their tents, he blessed them,
- Joshua 22:11 עֵ֖בֶר n c ms cs The children of Israel heard say, Behold, the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh have built an altar in the forefront of the land of Canaan, in the region about the Jordan, on the side that pertains to the children of Israel.
- Joshua 24:2 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Joshua said to all the people, Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, Your fathers lived of old time beyond the River, even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nahor: and they served other gods.
- Joshua 24:3 מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs I took your father Abraham from beyond the River, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his seed, and gave him Isaac.
- Joshua 24:8 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs I brought you into the land of the Amorites, that lived beyond the Jordan: and they fought with you; and I gave them into your hand, and you possessed their land; and I destroyed them from before you.
- Joshua 24:14 בְּ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs Now therefore fear Yahweh, and serve him in sincerity and in truth; and put away the gods which your fathers served beyond the River, and in Egypt; and serve you Yahweh.
- Joshua 24:15 ב/עבר מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs prep + n c ms cs If it seem evil to you to serve Yahweh, choose you this day whom you will serve; whether the gods which your fathers served that were beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you dwell: but as for me and my house, we will serve Yahweh.
Judges 3 verses
- Judges 5:17 בְּ/עֵ֤בֶר prep + n c ms cs Gilead abode beyond the Jordan: Dan, why did he remain in ships? Asher sat still at the haven of the sea, Abode by his creeks.
- Judges 10:8 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs They vexed and oppressed the children of Israel that year: eighteen years [oppressed they] all the children of Israel that were beyond the Jordan in the land of the Amorites, which is in Gilead.
- Judges 11:18 בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Then they went through the wilderness, and went around the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they encamped on the other side of the Arnon; but they didn't come within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.
1 Samuel 2 verses
- 1 Samuel 14:1 מֵ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs Now it fell on a day, that Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man who bore his armor, Come, and let us go over to the Philistines' garrison, that is on yonder side. But he didn't tell his father.
- 1 Samuel 31:7 בְּ/עֵ֨בֶר בְּ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs prep + n c ms cs When the men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley, and those who were beyond the Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and lived in them.
2 Samuel 1 verse
1 Kings 3 verses
- 1 Kings 4:24 עֵ֣בֶר עֵ֣בֶר עֲבָרָ֖י/ו n c ms cs n c ms cs n c mp cs + sfx pers 3ms For he had dominion over all [the region] on this side the River, from Tiphsah even to Gaza, over all the kings on this side the River: and he had peace on all sides round about him.
- 1 Kings 7:20 לְ/עֵ֣בֶר prep + n c ms cs There were capitals above also on the two pillars, close by the belly which was beside the network: and the pomegranates were two hundred, in rows round about on the other capital.
- 1 Kings 7:30 מֵ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs Every base had four brazen wheels, and axles of brass; and the four feet of it had supports: beneath the basin were the supports molten, with wreaths at the side of each.
1 Chronicles 1 verse
Ezra 1 verse
Nehemiah 3 verses
- Nehemiah 2:7 עֵ֣בֶר n c ms cs Moreover I said to the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah;
- Nehemiah 2:9 עֵ֣בֶר n c ms cs Then I came to the governors beyond the River, and gave them the king's letters. Now the king had sent with me captains of the army and horsemen.
- Nehemiah 3:7 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs Next to them repaired Melatiah the Gibeonite, and Jadon the Meronothite, the men of Gibeon, and of Mizpah, [that appertained] to the throne of the governor beyond the River.
Job 1 verse
Isaiah 3 verses
- Isaiah 7:20 בְּ/עֶבְרֵ֤י prep + n c mp cs In that day the Lord will shave with a razor that is hired in the parts beyond the River, even with the king of Assyria, the head and the hair of the feet; and it shall also consume the beard.
- Isaiah 9:1 עֵ֣בֶר n c ms cs But there shall be no gloom to her who was in anguish. In the former time he brought into contempt the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali; but in the latter time has he made it glorious, by the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations.
- Isaiah 47:15 לְ/עֶבְר/וֹ֙ prep + n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Thus shall the things be to you in which you have labored: those who have trafficked with you from your youth shall wander everyone to his quarter; there shall be none to save you.
Jeremiah 3 verses
- Jeremiah 25:22 בְּ/עֵ֥בֶר prep + n c ms cs and all the kings of Tyre, and all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the isle which is beyond the sea;
- Jeremiah 48:28 בְּ/עֶבְרֵ֥י prep + n c mp cs You inhabitants of Moab, leave the cities, and dwell in the rock; and be like the dove that makes her nest over the mouth of the abyss.
- Jeremiah 49:32 עֲבָרָ֛י/ו n c mp cs + sfx pers 3ms Their camels shall be a booty, and the multitude of their cattle a spoil: and I will scatter to all winds those who have the corners [of their hair] cut off; and I will bring their calamity from every side of them, says Yahweh.
Ezekiel 3 verses
- Ezekiel 1:9 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs their wings were joined one to another; they didn't turn when they went; they went everyone straight forward.
- Ezekiel 1:12 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs They went everyone straight forward: where the spirit was to go, they went; they didn't turn when they went.
- Ezekiel 10:22 עֵ֥בֶר n c ms cs As for the likeness of their faces, they were the faces which I saw by the river Chebar, their appearances and themselves; they went every one straight forward.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, עבר (ʻêber) means “side.” The King James Version usually renders it “side,” while modern versions prefer “beyond” (Berean Standard Bible) — see the renderings breakdown. Spanning 83 verses in 18 books, it ranks among the moderately common words of the Hebrew Bible. Its uses concentrate in Joshua (29% of all occurrences). Carrying more than one sense, it rewards its full sense range. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H5676 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 83
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 83 distinct verses.
- 18 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 18 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #450
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 450 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 83 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Joshua 24 verses 29%
- Deuteronomy 11 verses 13%
- Numbers 6 verses 7%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 83 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 50 verses · 60%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 23 verses · 28%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 10 verses · 12%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Side 19×, Other side 17×, Beyond 9×
- American Standard Version†: Beyond 33×, Were beyond 9×, Is beyond 6×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Beyond 23×, Across 13×, Side 11×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Beyond 21×, Other side of 15×, Across 13×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H5676 across 90† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 24 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H5676 across 92† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 23 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H5676 across 80† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 12 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 8 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H5676 across 94† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
8 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 8 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
עבר I
- 1. region across or beyond anything (usually wady, river, or sea), mostly c. prep.: בְּעֵבֶר אַרְנוֹן Nu 21:13 (JE) Ju 11:18, cf. Je 25:22; אֶל־ע׳ הַיָּם Dt 30:13 b, מֵעֵבֶר לַיָּם v 13 a beyond the sea; מֵע׳ לְנַהֲרֵי־כוּשׁ Is 18:1, cf. עַד־מֵע׳ 1 K 4:12 (מִן on the side of, on, v. מִן 1 c; so usually c. ע׳); but also (rarely) מֵע׳ from the other side of Zp 3:10 Jb 1:19 2 Ch 20:2; abs. הָע׳ 1 S 26:13 to the other side (sc. of a ravine; after וַיַּעֲבֹר); בְּעֵבֶר הָעֵמֶק 1 S 31:7, read perhaps בְּעָרֵי הָע׳, so Klo Bu HPS; בְּעֶבְרֵי פִי־פָ֑חַת Je 48:28 beyond the mouth of a chasm is dub.; Gie proposes בְּחֹרֵי כֵפֵי בַתֹּת in the rock-holes of the precipices; especially (chiefly Hex, 37 times) ע׳הַיַּרְדֵּן (30 times), or (less often, Jos 13:32 + 13 times), לַיַּרְדֵּן, לְיַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ (only c. מֵע׳), of either E. Jordan (36 times) or W. Jordan land (9 times) according to standpoint of speaker or writer: A. E. Jordan (from standpoint of writer) Gn 50:10, 11 (J) Jos 17:5 (JE) Dt 1:1, 5; 4:41, 46, 47, 49; Jos 1:14; 12:1; 13:8 (D), Nu 22:1; 32:19; 34:15 Jos 13:27, 32; 14:3; 20:8 (P), Ju 7:25; 10:8 1 S 31:7 Is 8:23 1 Ch 6:63; 12:37; from standpoint of speaker, Jos 7:7 (JE), 24:8 (E), 1:15; 2:10; 9:10; 18:7; 22:4 (D), Ju 5:17; in Nu 35:14 (Moses speaks) it is land opp. to Can., cf. Nu 32:32; in Dt 3:8 (Moses speaks) writer (D) ascribes his own standpoint to Moses; (often further topogr. note is added, e.g. מִזְרָ֫חָה Dt 4:49 +, מִזְרַח הַששֶּׁמֶשׁ Jos 1:15 +, etc.); אֶל־עֵבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂר׳ Jos 22:11 toward the region opposite the sons of Israel appar. also refers to E. side (v. Steuernagel on text). B. W. Jordan (9 times), from standpoint of speaker Dt 3:20, 25 (Moses), also 11:30 (but here + מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, and in all foll. some special designation of West), + יָ֫מָּה Jos 5:1 (D; from standpoint of those just crossed), 12:7 (opposite East v 1–6), 22:7 (id.; Kt מעבר, Qr בְּעֵבֶר), cf. 9:1 (as 5:1); + וָהָ֑לְאָה Nu 32:19 a (opposite East v b); in 1 Ch 26:30 מֵע׳ לַיַּר׳ מַעֲרָ֑בָה ע׳ seems = side (v. infr.). Also בְּע׳ הַנָּהָר beyond the river (Euphrates) Jos 24:2, 14, 15 (E; Kt Qr מֵע׳), מֵע׳ 2 S 10:16 = 1 Ch 19:16 beyond, and 1 K 14:5 to the other side of (v. מִן 1 c); מֵע׳ from beyond the river only Jos 24:3 (E), in all these = beyond the Euphr. eastward, from standpoint of those west of Euphr.; so pl. בְּעֶבְרֵי הַנּ׳ Is 7:20; poss. also ע׳ alone (si vera l.) in the difficult passage Nu 24:24; ע׳ הַנָּהָר = region beyond the river (Euphr.) westward (from standpoint of those in Babylonia or Persia) Ne 2:7, 9; 3:7 Ezr 8:36; also 1 K 5:4(×2) (written in Bab.; cf. Biblical Aramaic עֲבַר, and DrIntr (6) 504). cf. late Assyrian ebir nâri SchrKB iv. 304, 1. 7 from below; KAT 3. 188, 437. e.g. Numbers 21:13
- 2. (Opposite) side, side: מֵע׳ הַלָּז 1 S 14:1 on yonder side seems transition to this meaning; מֵהָע׳ מִזֶּה twice, v 4 = on one side, on the other side, so לְע׳ אֶחָד twice v 40; even מִשְּׁנֵי עִבְרֵיהֶם Ex 32:15 (E) on their two sides (i.e. of tablets); אֶל־ע׳ הָאֵפוֹד בָּ֑יְתָה Ex 28:26 (P) toward the inner side of the ephod; in 1 K 7:20, 30 ע׳ appar. = at the side of or opposite, but the archit. details are obscure; מִכָּל־עֲבָרָיו מִסָּבִיב 1 K 5:4 on all sides of him, round about, מִכָּל־עֲבָרָיו Je 49:32 (reads עֶבְרֵיהֶם Vrss Gie) from all sides of them (all directions, = מִכָּל־סְבִיבָ֑יִךְ v 5); אֶל־עֵבֶר פָּנָיו יֵלֵ֑כוּ to the side of their faces (i.e. in front, straight forward) they (always) went Ez 1:9, 12; 10:22, cf. עַל־ע׳ פָּנֶיהָ Ex 25:37 to give light upon the space in front of it; אִישׁ לְעֶבְרוֹ תָּעוּ Is 47:15 they wander away each in his own direction (regardless of thee).—On 1 Ch 26:30 v. supr. e.g. 1 Samuel 14:1
עבר II m. Eber (perhaps eponym of Hebrews, form inferred from עִבְרִי, cf. reff. there)
- 1. ‘son’ of Shelaḥ, and ‘grandson’ of Arpachshad Gn 10:24 (J) = 1 Ch 1:18; Gn 11:14, 15 (P); ‘father’ of Peleg and Joktan 10:25 (J; with especially ref. to Joktan v 26 ff., i.e. to Arabians) = 1 Ch 1:19 (cf. v 20 ff.), of Peleg specif. Gn 11:16, 17 (P; with especially ref. to Abr. v 26 f.) cf. 1 Ch 1:25 (see v 27 f.); in Gn 10:21 (J) Shem is called אֲבִי כָּל־בְּנֵי־עֵבֶר; 𝔊 Εβερ.—ע׳ Nu 24:24 perhaps (si vera l.) belongs not here (= עִבְרִים Hebrews, 𝔊 Ἐβραίους, so Thes), but sub i. עֵבֶר = the (land) beyond (the river), ‖ אַשּׁוּר, so Di Kau. e.g. Genesis 10:24
- 2. a Gadite chief 1 Ch 5:13, 𝔊 Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Εβερ. e.g. 1 Chronicles 5:13
- 3. Benjamite names:
- a. 1 Ch 8:12, 𝔊 Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Αβερ. e.g. 1 Chronicles 8:12
- b. 1 Ch 8:22 (עֵבֶר van d. H. Ginsb; עֶבֶד Baer), 𝔊 Ωβδη, A Ωβηδ, 𝔊L Αβερ. e.g. 1 Chronicles 8:22
- 4. a priest Ne 12:20 𝔊L Αβεδ. e.g. Nehemiah 12:20
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. n.m. 1 S 14:40 region across or beyond, side (on format. cf. BaNB 144; cf. especially Assyrian êbru, êbirtu, id. êbirtan, adv. beyond);—ע׳ abs. 1 S 14:4 +; cstr. Jos 24:4 +; sf. עֶבְרוֹ Is 47:15; pl. cstr. עֶבְרֵי Is 7:20 Je 48:28 (si vera l., v. infr.); sf. עֲבָרָיו 1 K 5:4 Je 49:32 (read probably עֶבְרֵיהֶם, so Vrss), עֶבְרֵיהֶם Ex 32:15;—
II. n.pr.m. Eber (perhaps eponym of Hebrews, form inferred from עִבְרִי, cf. reff. there);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from עבר (ʻâbar) (H5674) — to pass over.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
עָבַר
- (b. h.)
- 1. to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שׁיַעַבְרוּ המים וכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.—Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה.
- 2. (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef. Sot. VIII, 1; Sot. 33ᵇ כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל את וכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזר וכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again &c.; a. fr.—ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליו וכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִיר וכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e.
- 3. (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17ᵃ (ref. to Mic. VII, 18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbor’s) transgression; a. e. e.g. Micah 7:18
- 4. to transgress, sin. Yoma 86ᵇ, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנה וכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. 86ᵃ, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתות וכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub. 100ᵃ, a. fr. עובר על בל וכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth. VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דת וכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31ᶜ top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr.
- 5. to pass, overtake, precede. Pes. 7ᵇ כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (II Sam. XVIII, 23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite’. e.g. 2 Samuel 18:23
- 6. to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes. III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets. 26ᵃ, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber. 26ᵃ ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes. II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber. IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַר וכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e.g. if one’s wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y. Taan. II, 65ᶜ bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועק וכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt. VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניך וכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth. 17ᵃ ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66ᵃ, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem. 22ᵃ שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21ᵇ בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5ᵇ; Zeb. 29ᵃ bot. שעיברה; Tosef. Snh. III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth. 87ᵃ על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.—לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr.
- 1. to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef. Sabb. VII (VIII), 23 [read:] מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14ᶜ bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it.
- 2. to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth. 17ᵃ מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלה וכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt. 57ᵇ שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנו וכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקינין וכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the king’s portrait; a. fr.
- 3. to go beyond. Ib. איני מעביר וכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדין וכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e.
- 4. to skip over; to forego, postpone.—ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.—Yoma 33ᵃ; 58ᵇ, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub. 64ᵇ אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets. 23ᵃ; a. fr.
- 5. to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17ᵃ (ref. to Mic. VII, 18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשון וכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. e.g. Micah 7:18
- 6. to cause to forego or disregard. Erub. 41ᵇ שלשה דברים מעבירין … על וכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e.
- 1. to be completed, full. Tem. 22ᵃ, a. e., v. supra.
- 2. to transgress repeatedly. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ top, v. supra.
- 3. to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. [Tosef. B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5ᶜ. שעברה … את.]
- 4. (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd. 31ᵇ כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמו וכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam. IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull. 58ᵃ; a. fr.—Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb. XVI, 1. Ib. 36ᵇ, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גואלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb. III, 10; a. fr.—4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub. V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִין וכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53ᵃ; Y. ib. V, beg. 22ᵇ; Y. Ber. VII, 12ᶜ top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. Ber. VI (V), 1; a. e.—6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef. Snh. II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעברין וכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעברין וכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19ᵇ אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh. 11ᵇ אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr.
- 1. to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. III, 26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלא וכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה (swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. e.g. Deuteronomy 3:26
- 2. to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶת וכ׳ no woman conceives on &c.; Yeb. 34ᵃ. Ib. 34ᵇ כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּר וכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty &c., v. כָּחַשׁ. B. Kam. IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr.
- 3. to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y. Erub. V, 22ᵇ bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברת וכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances).
- 4. to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y. R. Hash. III, beg. 58ᶜ ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y. Shebi. X, beg. 39ᵇ; a. e.—Snh. 12ᵃ ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19ᵇ; a. fr.
- (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef. B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam. IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה).
עֲבַר
- , to pass, cross, step over, forgive &c. (v. preced.). Impf. יְעִיבַּר; infin. מִיעִיבַּר. Targ. Gen. XXXII, 17. Ib. XII, 6. Targ. O. Deut. XVII, 2 מִיעִיבַּר ed. Berl. (oth. ed. מֶעְבַּר, מֶעֱבַר; Y. מֵעִיבַר). Targ. Ps. CXXIV, 4; a. v. fr.—Sabb. 40ᵃ האי מאן דע׳ אדרבנן he who disregards Rabbinical enactments. Y. ib. VII, 9ᵃ top; Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᶜ עַבְרַת בידך וכ׳, v. בְּדִי I. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 43ᵇ bot. מהו נִיעֲבוֹר קומוי how about passing it by?; … עבור וסמי עיניה pass it and ignore it, v. סְמֵי; Y. Ber. II, 4ᵇ מהו מִיעֲבוֹר (not מיהו); Y. Shek. II, 47ᵃ top; a. fr.
- as preced. Hif. Targ. O. Lev. XVIII, 21 לאָעַבָרָא ed. Berl. (oth. ed. לאַעְבָּ׳, לאַעֲבָ׳). Targ. Gen. XLVII, 21. Targ. Ex. XXXVI, 6.—Targ. II Sam. XII, 13.—Targ. Mic. VII, 18; a. v. fr.—Esp. (b. h. עִבֵּר) to pass through; to bar. Targ. I Kings VI, 21. Targ. O. Ex. XXXVI, 33.—Part. pass. מַעְבַּר passed through, barring. Ib. XXVI, 28.—Ḥag. 5ᵃ מַעְבִּיר במיליה = h. מַעֲבִיר על מדותיו, v. preced. a. מִדָּה.
- 1. to be with child, to conceive. Targ. Ps. LI, 7 עַבְּרַת (ed. Lag. עברית, Bxt. עֲבָרַת, corr. acc.). Targ. Y. Num. XI, 12 (ed. Vien. עֲבָרִית, corr. acc.); a. fr.—Part. pass. f. מְעַבְּרָא, מְעַבְּרָה, מְעַבַּרְתָּא; pl. מְעַבְּרָתָא. Targ. Y. Gen. XVI, 11. Ib. XXXVIII, 24; a. e.—B. Kam. 47ᵃ פרה מע׳ a pregnant cow. Ḥull. 59ᵇ אַפִּילוּ כל מע׳ all pregnant women miscarried; a. e.
- 2. as preced. Hif., to cause to pass; to remove, displace; to cover up. Ab. Zar. 65ᵇ מְעַבֵּר להו מעברא he passed them over the ford. Yoma 33ᵇ עַבּוּרֵי דרעא וכ׳, v. דְּרָעָא. Erub. 65ᵃ, v. פּוּק. Ḥull. 18ᵃ שמתיה ועַבְּרֵיה he excommunicated him and removed him (from his office). Ib. מְעַבְּרִינָן ליה וכ׳ we remove him and declare his meat ṭ’refah. Ber. 27ᵇ תא ונְעַבְּרֵיה come, let us displace him. Ib. 39ᵃ לעבורי זוהמא to carry off foul matter. Y. Ber. II, 4ᶜ bot. הוה מעבר וכ׳ covered it with a sheet, v. פַּלְיוּם; a. fr.—Yeb. 63ᵇ עבורו, v. infra.
- 3. to declare a full month, a leap year. Targ. I Chr. XII, 32. Targ. Cant. VII, 5; a. e.—Snh. 11ᵇ בתר דעַבְּרוּהָ after they had declared it a leap year. R. Hash. 20ᵃ עַבְּרוּהָ לאלול they have declared Elul a full month; a. e.—Part. pass. מְעַבַּר; f. מְעַבַּרְתָּא. Snh. 12ᵇ שתא מע׳ a leap year; a. e.
- 1. to become pregnant. Targ. Y. Gen. XIX, 36, sq.; a. e.—Yeb. 45ᵃ אִיעַבְּרָא מכותי was with child by a Samaritan.
- 2. to get over it, to be appeased. Yeb. 63ᵇ מתקיף … ועַבּוּרֵי איעברא במילא she is irascible, but is easily appeased with a word.
- 3. to be waded through, be crossed. Targ. Ez. XLVII, 5.
עֵבֶר I
- (b. h.) pr. n. m. Eber, a descendant of Shem, believed to have maintained schools (oracles) in connection with Shem. Gen. R. s. 63 (ref. to Gen. XXV, 22) למדרשו של שם וע׳ to the school of Shem and Eber. Gen. R. s. 37 נביא גדול היה ע׳ וכ׳ E. was a great prophet, for he gave names alluding to coming events. Ib. s. 42 (expl. העברי, Gen. XIV, 13) שהוא מבני בניו של ע׳ because he is a descendant of Eber; a. fr. e.g. Genesis 25:22
עֵבֶר II
- border, bank, side. Gen. R. s. 42 (expl. העברי, v. preced.) כל העולם כולו מֵעֵ׳ אחד וכ׳ the whole world was on one side (idolaters), and he (Abraham) on the other side; שהוא מע׳ הנהר וכ׳ because he came from the banks of the river (Euphrates), and spoke the Hebrew language (v. עִבְרִו).—מע׳ לים beyond the sea. Erub. 55ᵃ (ref. to Deut. XXX, 12) … אם מע׳ לים לעבור אחריה if the Law be beyond the sea, thou must go over to learn it. e.g. Deuteronomy 30:12
עֵבַר
- , v. עֵיבַר II, a. next w.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 28 distinct written forms H5676 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H5676, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 10 — not the complete family. 3 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 72 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 83 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 50:10
- Exodus 25:37
- Numbers 21:13
- Deuteronomy 1:1
- Joshua 1:14
- Judges 5:17
- 1 Samuel 14:1
- 2 Samuel 10:16
- 1 Kings 4:12
- 1 Chronicles 12:37
- 2 Chronicles 20:2
- Ezra 8:36
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
