μέσος
middle
‘middle’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
See every Accusative-case word in the Greek New Testament →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
Case
- Dative
- The case of the indirect object, means, or location — “to / for / with / in.”
- Accusative
- The case of the direct object and of extent.
- Genitive
- The case of source, possession, or “of” — answers “whose / from what.”
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
Gender
- Neuter
- Grammatically neuter.
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
3 verses where G3319 appears in the Accusative case in the Book of John. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
John
- John 19:18 μέσον adj acc sg neut where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the middle.
- John 20:19 μέσον adj acc sg neut When therefore it was evening, on that day, the first day of the week, and when the doors were locked where the disciples were assembled, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst, and said to them, "Peace be to you."
- John 20:26 μέσον adj acc sg neut After eight days again his disciples were inside, and Thomas was with them. Jesus came, the doors being locked, and stood in the midst, and said, "Peace be to you."
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
μεσος (mésos) is a Greek adjective most often rendered “middle.” Scripture first uses it in Matthew 10:16. Spanning 57 verses in 13 books, it ranks among the moderately common words of the Greek New Testament. Ranging over 3 senses, it is not a single-sense word. Sharing its root, it stands alongside μετα, μεθερμηνευω and μεθιστημι. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G3319 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 57
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 57 distinct verses.
- 13 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 13 of 27 New Testament books.
- #275
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Greek words (rank 275 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 57 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 57 distinct verses.
- Gospels 32 verses · 56%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 23 verses · 40%
- Johannine 13 verses · 23%
- Pauline corpus 7 verses · 12%
- Revelation 7 verses · 12%
- Hebrews 1 verse · 2%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Midst 40×, Among 7×, Midnight 2×
- American Standard Version: Midst 40×, Among 6×, Middle 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Among 12×, Middle 6×, Among them 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Midst 37×, Middle 13×, Among 3×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G3319 across 51 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Not rendered by a distinct English word in 10 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G3319 across 57 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G3319 across 38 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 8 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 20 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G3319 across 59 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in Thayer's
The 3 senses Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- middle
- the midst
- in the midst of, amongst
Word origin
Derived from μετα (metá) (G3326) — with.
From G3326 ; middle (as adjective or [neuter] noun): - among X before them between + forth mid [-day -night] midst way.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 5 distinct written forms G3319 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| μέσῳ mésō | Adjective, Dative, Singular, Neuter | Matthew 10:16 | 29 |
| μέσον méson | Adjective, Accusative, Singular, Neuter | Matthew 13:25 | 17 |
| μέσου mésou | Adjective, Genitive, Singular, Neuter | Matthew 13:49 | 8 |
| μέσος mésos | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Masculine | Luke 22:55 | 3 |
| μέσης mésēs | Adjective, Genitive, Singular, Feminine | Matthew 25:6 | 2 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G3319, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- μεθερμηνευω methermēneúō G3177 to interpret
- μεθιστημι methístēmi G3179 to transfer
- μεθοδεια methodeía G3180 deceit
- μεθοριος methórios G3181 border
- μεταβαινω metabaínō G3327 to pass over
- μεταβαλλω metabállō G3328 to turn around
- μεταγω metágō G3329 to transfer
- μεταδιδωμι metadídōmi G3330 to impart
- μεταιρω metaírō G3332 to remove
- μετακαλεω metakaléō G3333 to summon
- μετακινεω metakinéō G3334 to move away
- μεταλαμβανω metalambánō G3335 to partake
- μεταλλασσω metallássō G3337 to exchange
- μεταμελλομαι metaméllomai G3338 it is a care
- μεταμορφοω metamorphóō G3339 to transform
- μετανοεω metanoéō G3340 to repent
- μεταξυ metaxý G3342 between
- μεταπεμπω metapémpō G3343 to send for
- μεταστρεφω metastréphō G3344 to turn around
- μετασχηματιζω metaschēmatízō G3345 to transform
- μετατιθημι metatíthēmi G3346 to transpose
- μετεπειτα metépeita G3347 afterwards
- μετεχω metéchō G3348 to partake
- μετεωριζω meteōrízō G3349 to be puffed up
+2 more words share this root (not shown).
Derived from this word
- μεσημβρια mesēmbría G3314 noon
- μεσιτης mesítēs G3316 mediator
- μεσονυκτιον mesonýktion G3317 midnight
- μεσοτοιχον mesótoichon G3320 partition wall
- μεσουρανημα mesouránēma G3321 mid-heaven
- μεσοω mesóō G3322 to be midway
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 35 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word μεσος appears 714 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 566 verses in 34 books.
- 714
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 566
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 34 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 34 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 1:4 μέσος
- Exodus 7:5 μέσος
- Leviticus 10:10 μέσος
- Numbers 1:49 μέσος
- Deuteronomy 1:1 μέσος
- Joshua 1:11 μέσος
- Judges 1:29 μέσος
- Ruth 1:17 μέσος
- 1 Samuel 2:10 μέσος
- 2 Samuel 1:25 μέσος
- 1 Kings 3:8 μέσος
- 2 Kings 2:11 μέσος
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G3319) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 566. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 1:4 μέσος God saw the light, and saw that it was good. God divided the light from the darkness.
- Genesis 1:6 μέσος God said, "Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters."
- Genesis 1:7 μέσος God made the expanse, and divided the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse, and it was so.
- Genesis 1:14 μέσος God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of sky to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years;
- Genesis 1:18 μέσος and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.
- Genesis 2:9 μέσος Out of the ground Yahweh God made every tree to grow that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
- Genesis 3:3 μέσος but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, 'You shall not eat of it, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.'"
- Genesis 3:8 μέσος They heard the voice of Yahweh God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God among the trees of the garden.
- Genesis 3:15 μέσος I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring. He will bruise your head, and you will bruise his heel."
- Genesis 9:12 μέσος God said, "This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations:
- Genesis 9:13 μέσος I set my rainbow in the cloud, and it will be for a sign of a covenant between me and the earth.
- Genesis 9:15 μέσος and I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh, and the waters will no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.
- Genesis 9:16 μέσος The rainbow will be in the cloud. I will look at it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth."
- Genesis 9:17 μέσος God said to Noah, "This is the token of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth."
- Genesis 10:12 μέσος and Resen between Nineveh and Calah (the same is the great city).
- Genesis 13:3 μέσος He went on his journeys from the South even to Bethel, to the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai,
- Genesis 13:7 μέσος There was a strife between the herdsmen of Abram's cattle and the herdsmen of Lot's cattle: and the Canaanite and the Perizzite lived then in the land.
- Genesis 13:8 μέσος Abram said to Lot, "Please, let there be no strife between me and you, and between my herdsmen and your herdsmen; for we are relatives.
- Genesis 15:10 μέσος He took him all these, and divided them in the middle, and laid each half opposite the other; but he didn't divide the birds.
- Genesis 15:17 μέσος It came to pass that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold, a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch passed between these pieces.
- Genesis 16:5 μέσος Sarai said to Abram, "This wrong is your fault. I gave my handmaid into your bosom, and when she saw that she had conceived, I was despised in her eyes. Yahweh judge between me and you."
- Genesis 16:14 μέσος Therefore the well was called Beer Lahai Roi. Behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered.
- Genesis 17:2 μέσος I will make my covenant between me and you, and will multiply you exceedingly."
- Genesis 17:7 μέσος I will establish my covenant between me and you and your seed after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God to you and to your seed after you.
- Genesis 17:10 μέσος This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your seed after you. Every male among you shall be circumcised.
- Genesis 17:11 μέσος You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin. It will be a token of a covenant between me and you.
- Genesis 19:29 μέσος It happened, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities in which Lot lived.
- Genesis 20:1 μέσος Abraham traveled from there toward the land of the South, and lived between Kadesh and Shur. He lived as a foriegner in Gerar.
- Genesis 23:10 μέσος Now Ephron was sitting in the midst of the children of Heth. Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the hearing of the children of Heth, even of all who went in at the gate of his city, saying,
- Genesis 23:15 μέσος "My lord, listen to me. What is a piece of land worth four hundred shekels of silver between me and you? Therefore bury your dead."
- Genesis 26:28 μέσος They said, "We saw plainly that Yahweh was with you. We said, 'Let there now be an oath between us, even between us and you, and let us make a covenant with you,
- Genesis 30:36 μέσος He set three days' journey between himself and Jacob, and Jacob fed the rest of Laban's flocks.
- Genesis 31:37 μέσος Now that you have felt around in all my stuff, what have you found of all your household stuff? Set it here before my relatives and your relatives, that they may judge between us two.
- Genesis 31:44 μέσος Now come, let us make a covenant, you and I; and let it be for a witness between me and you."
- Genesis 31:46 μέσος Jacob said to his relatives, "Gather stones." They took stones, and made a heap. They ate there by the heap.
- Genesis 31:48 μέσος Laban said, "This heap is witness between me and you this day." Therefore it was named Galeed
- Genesis 31:49 μέσος and Mizpah, for he said, "Yahweh watch between me and you, when we are absent one from another.
- Genesis 31:53 μέσος The God of Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge between us." Then Jacob swore by the fear of his father, Isaac.
- Genesis 32:17 μέσος He commanded the foremost, saying, "When Esau, my brother, meets you, and asks you, saying, 'Whose are you? Where are you going? Whose are these before you?'
- Genesis 35:2 μέσος Then Jacob said to his household, and to all who were with him, "Put away the foreign gods that are among you, purify yourselves, change your garments.
- Genesis 37:7 μέσος for, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and behold, my sheaf arose and also stood upright; and behold, your sheaves came around, and bowed down to my sheaf."
- Genesis 40:20 μέσος It happened the third day, which was Pharaoh's birthday, that he made a feast for all his servants, and he lifted up the head of the chief cupbearer and the head of the chief baker among his servants.
- Genesis 42:23 μέσος They didn't know that Joseph understood them; for there was an interpreter between them.
- Genesis 49:14 μέσος "Issachar is a strong donkey, Lying down between the saddlebags.
- Exodus 7:5 μέσος The Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh, when I stretch forth my hand on Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them."
- Exodus 8:19 μέσος Then the magicians said to Pharaoh, "This is the finger of God:" and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he didn't listen to them; as Yahweh had spoken.
- Exodus 9:4 μέσος Yahweh will make a distinction between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt; and there shall nothing die of all that belongs to the children of Israel."'"
- Exodus 11:4 μέσος Moses said, "This is what Yahweh says: 'About midnight I will go out into the midst of Egypt,
- Exodus 11:7 μέσος But against any of the children of Israel a dog won't even bark or move its tongue, against man or animal; that you may know that Yahweh makes a distinction between the Egyptians and Israel.
- Exodus 14:2 μέσος "Speak to the children of Israel, that they turn back and encamp before Pihahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before Baal Zephon. You shall encamp opposite it by the sea.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G3319) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
