πέτρα
rock
‘rock’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
See every Genitive-case word in the Greek New Testament →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Case
- Accusative
- The case of the direct object and of extent.
- Dative
- The case of the indirect object, means, or location — “to / for / with / in.”
- Genitive
- The case of source, possession, or “of” — answers “whose / from what.”
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
Gender
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one.
1 verse where G4073 appears in the Nominative case in the Book of 1 Corinthians. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
1 Corinthians
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Greek noun πετρα centers on the idea of “rock.” Debuting at Matthew 7:24, it then recurs through the corpus. Spanning 14 verses in 7 books, it ranks among the uncommon words of the Greek New Testament. Matthew dominates its distribution — 5 of 14 verses. Thayer's distinguishes 3 senses for it. Dig into 14-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G4073 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 14
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 14 distinct verses.
- 7 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 7 of 27 New Testament books.
- #768
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Greek words (rank 768 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 14 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Matthew 5 verses 36%
- Luke 3 verses 21%
- Revelation 2 verses 14%
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 14 distinct verses.
- Gospels 9 verses · 64%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 3 verses · 21%
- Johannine 2 verses · 14%
- Pauline corpus 2 verses · 14%
- Revelation 2 verses · 14%
- General (Catholic) Epistles 1 verse · 7%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Rock 13×, Rocks 3×
- American Standard Version: Rock 12×, Rocks 3×
- Berean Standard Bible: Rock 10×, Rocks 3×, Rocky ground 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Rock 12×, Rocks 3×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G4073 across 16 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G4073 across 16 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G4073 across 15 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G4073 across 15 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 3 senses Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- a projecting rock, crag, rocky ground
- a rock, a large stone
- metaph. a man like a rock, by reason of his firmness and strength of soul
Word origin
Derived from Πετρος (Pétros) (G4074) — Peter.
Feminine of the same as G4074 ; a (mass of) rock (literally or figuratively): - rock.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 6 distinct written forms G4073 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| πέτραν pétran | Noun, Accusative, Singular, Feminine | Matthew 7:24 | 6 |
| πέτρας pétras | Noun, Genitive, Singular, Feminine | Mark 15:46 | 3 |
| πέτρα pétra | Noun, Nominative, Singular, Feminine | 1 Corinthians 10:4 | 2 |
| πέτρᾳ pétra | Noun, Dative, Singular, Feminine | Matthew 16:18 | 2 |
| πέτραι pétrai | Noun, Nominative, Plural, Feminine | Matthew 27:51 | 1 |
| πέτραις pétrais | Noun, Dative, Plural, Feminine | Revelation 6:16 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G4073, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → 2 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word πετρα appears 85 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 76 verses in 22 books.
- 85
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 76
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 22 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 22 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Exodus 17:6 πέτρα
- Numbers 20:8 πέτρα
- Deuteronomy 8:15 πέτρα
- Joshua 5:2 πέτρα
- Judges 1:36 πέτρα
- 1 Samuel 13:6 πέτρα
- 2 Samuel 21:10 πέτρα
- 1 Kings 19:11 πέτρα
- 2 Kings 14:7 πέτρα
- 1 Chronicles 11:15 πέτρα
- 2 Chronicles 26:7 πέτρα
- Ezra 19:15 πέτρα
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G4073) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 76. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Exodus 17:6 πέτρα Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock in Horeb. You shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink." Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
- Exodus 33:21 πέτρα Yahweh also said, "Behold, there is a place by me, and you shall stand on the rock.
- Exodus 33:22 πέτρα It will happen, while my glory passes by, that I will put you in a cleft of the rock, and will cover you with my hand until I have passed by;
- Numbers 20:8 πέτρα Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you, and Aaron your brother, and speak you to the rock before their eyes, that it give forth its water; and you shall bring forth to them water out of the rock; so you shall give the congregation and their cattle drink.
- Numbers 20:10 πέτρα Moses and Aaron gathered the assembly together before the rock, and he said to them, Hear now, you rebels; shall we bring you forth water out of this rock?
- Numbers 20:11 πέτρα Moses lifted up his hand, and struck the rock with his rod twice: and water came forth abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their cattle.
- Numbers 24:21 πέτρα He looked at the Kenite, and took up his parable, and said, Strong is your dwelling-place, Your nest is set in the rock.
- Deuteronomy 8:15 πέτρα who led you through the great and terrible wilderness, [in which were] fiery serpents and scorpions, and thirsty ground where was no water; who brought you forth water out of the rock of flint;
- Deuteronomy 32:13 πέτρα He made him ride on the high places of the earth, He ate the increase of the field; He made him to suck honey out of the rock, Oil out of the flinty rock;
- Joshua 5:2 πέτρα At that time Yahweh said to Joshua, Make you flint knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time.
- Judges 1:36 πέτρα The border of the Amorites was from the ascent of Akrabbim, from the rock, and upward.
- Judges 6:20 πέτρα The angel of God said to him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them on this rock, and pour out the broth. He did so.
- Judges 6:21 πέτρα Then the angel of Yahweh put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there went up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and the angel of Yahweh departed out of his sight.
- Judges 13:19 πέτρα So Manoah took the kid with the meal-offering, and offered it on the rock to Yahweh: and [the angel] did wondrously, and Manoah and his wife looked on.
- Judges 15:8 πέτρα He struck them hip and thigh with a great slaughter: and he went down and lived in the cleft of the rock of Etam.
- Judges 15:11 πέτρα Then three thousand men of Judah went down to the cleft of the rock of Etam, and said to Samson, "Don't you know that the Philistines are rulers over us? What then is this that you have done to us?" He said to them, As they did to me, so have I done to them.
- Judges 15:13 πέτρα They spoke to him, saying, No; but we will bind you fast, and deliver you into their hand: but surely we will not kill you. They bound him with two new ropes, and brought him up from the rock.
- Judges 20:45 πέτρα They turned and fled toward the wilderness to the rock of Rimmon: and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men, and followed hard after them to Gidom, and struck of them two thousand men.
- Judges 20:47 πέτρα But six hundred men turned and fled toward the wilderness to the rock of Rimmon, and abode in the rock of Rimmon four months.
- Judges 21:13 πέτρα The whole congregation sent and spoke to the children of Benjamin who were in the rock of Rimmon, and proclaimed peace to them.
- 1 Samuel 13:6 πέτρα When the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait (for the people were distressed), then the people did hide themselves in caves, and in thickets, and in rocks, and in coverts, and in pits.
- 1 Samuel 14:4 πέτρα Between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over to the Philistines' garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side: and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh.
- 1 Samuel 23:25 πέτρα Saul and his men went to seek him. They told David: why he came down to the rock, and abode in the wilderness of Maon. When Saul heard [that], he pursued after David in the wilderness of Maon.
- 1 Samuel 23:28 πέτρα So Saul returned from pursuing after David, and went against the Philistines: therefore they called that place Sela Hammahlekoth.
- 2 Samuel 21:10 πέτρα Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth, and spread it for her on the rock, from the beginning of harvest until water was poured on them from the sky; and she allowed neither the birds of the sky to rest on them by day, nor the animals of the field by night.
- 2 Samuel 22:2 πέτρα and he said, Yahweh is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer, even mine;
- 1 Kings 19:11 πέτρα He said, Go forth, and stand on the mountain before Yahweh. Behold, Yahweh passed by, and a great and strong wind tore the mountains, and broke in pieces the rocks before Yahweh; but Yahweh was not in the wind: and after the wind an earthquake; but Yahweh was not in the earthquake:
- 2 Kings 14:7 πέτρα He killed of Edom in the Valley of Salt ten thousand, and took Sela by war, and called the name of it Joktheel, to this day.
- 1 Chronicles 11:15 πέτρα Three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
- 2 Chronicles 26:7 πέτρα God helped him against the Philistines, and against the Arabians who lived in Gur Baal, and the Meunim.
- Ezra 19:15 πέτρα
- Job 14:8 πέτρα Though the root of it grows old in the earth, And the stock of it dies in the ground;
- Job 14:18 πέτρα "But the mountain falling comes to nothing; The rock is removed out of its place;
- Job 19:24 πέτρα That with an iron pen and lead They were engraved in the rock forever!
- Job 22:24 πέτρα Lay your treasure in the dust, The gold of Ophir among the stones of the brooks.
- Job 24:8 πέτρα They are wet with the showers of the mountains, And embrace the rock for lack of a shelter.
- Job 39:1 πέτρα "Do you know the time when the mountain goats give birth? Do you watch when the doe bears fawns?
- Job 39:28 πέτρα On the cliff he dwells, and makes his home, On the point of the cliff, and the stronghold.
- Psalms 26:5 πέτρα I hate the assembly of evil-doers, And will not sit with the wicked.
- Psalms 39:3 πέτρα My heart was hot within me. While I meditated, the fire burned: I spoke with my tongue:
- Psalms 60:3 πέτρα You have shown your people hard things. You have made us drink the wine that makes us stagger.
- Psalms 77:15 πέτρα You have redeemed your people with your arm, The sons of Jacob and Joseph. Selah.
- Psalms 77:16 πέτρα The waters saw you, God. The waters saw you, and they writhed. The depths also convulsed.
- Psalms 77:20 πέτρα You led your people like a flock, By the hand of Moses and Aaron.
- Psalms 80:17 πέτρα Let your hand be on the man of your right hand, On the son of man whom you made strong for yourself.
- Psalms 103:18 πέτρα To those who keep his covenant, To those who remember to obey his precepts.
- Psalms 104:41 πέτρα
- Psalms 113:8 πέτρα That he may set him with princes, Even with the princes of his people.
- Psalms 135:16 πέτρα They have mouths, but they can't speak; They have eyes, but they can't see;
- Psalms 136:9 πέτρα The moon and stars to rule by night; For his loving kindness endures forever:
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G4073) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.