פֶּ֫שַׁע
transgression
‘transgression’ is one of 7 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H6588 appears in the Book of Ezekiel — 10 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Ezekiel
- Ezekiel 14:11 פִּשְׁעֵי/הֶ֑ם n c mp cs + sfx pers 3mp that the house of Israel may go no more astray from me, neither defile themselves any more with all their transgressions; but that they may be my people, and I may be their God, says the Lord Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 18:22 פְּשָׁעָי/ו֙ n c mp cs + sfx pers 3ms None of his transgressions that he has committed shall be remembered against him: in his righteousness that he has done he shall live.
- Ezekiel 18:28 פְּשָׁעָ֖י/ו n c mp cs + sfx pers 3ms Because he considers, and turns away from all his transgressions that he has committed, he shall surely live, he shall not die.
- Ezekiel 18:30 פִּשְׁעֵי/כֶ֔ם n c mp cs + sfx pers 2mp Therefore I will judge you, house of Israel, everyone according to his ways, says the Lord Yahweh. Return you, and turn yourselves from all your transgressions; so iniquity shall not be your ruin.
- Ezekiel 18:31 פִּשְׁעֵי/כֶם֙ n c mp cs + sfx pers 2mp Cast away from you all your transgressions, in which you have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit: for why will you die, house of Israel?
- Ezekiel 21:24 פִּשְׁעֵי/כֶ֗ם n c mp cs + sfx pers 2mp Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: Because you have made your iniquity to be remembered, in that your transgressions are uncovered, so that in all your doings your sins do appear; because you have come to memory, you shall be taken with the hand.
- Ezekiel 33:10 פְשָׁעֵ֥י/נוּ n c mp cs + sfx pers 1cp You, son of man, tell the house of Israel: Thus you speak, saying, Our transgressions and our sins are on us, and we pine away in them; how then can we live?
- Ezekiel 33:12 פִּשְׁע֔/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms You, son of man, tell the children of your people, The righteousness of the righteous shall not deliver him in the day of his disobedience; and as for the wickedness of the wicked, he shall not fall thereby in the day that he turns from his wickedness; neither shall he who is righteous be able to live thereby in the day that he sins.
- Ezekiel 37:23 פִּשְׁעֵי/הֶ֑ם n c mp cs + sfx pers 3mp neither shall they defile themselves any more with their idols, nor with their detestable things, nor with any of their transgressions; but I will save them out of all their dwelling-places, in which they have sinned, and will cleanse them: so shall they be my people, and I will be their God.
- Ezekiel 39:24 וּ/כְ/פִשְׁעֵי/הֶ֖ם conj + prep + n c mp cs + sfx pers 3mp According to their uncleanness and according to their transgressions did I to them; and I hid my face from them.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
פשע (peshaʻ) is a Hebrew noun most often rendered “transgression.” Not a single-sense word: explore its full sense range. Spanning 90 verses in 17 books, it ranks among the moderately common words of the Hebrew Bible. Scripture first uses it in Genesis 31:36. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6588 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 90
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 90 distinct verses.
- 17 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 17 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #446
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 446 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 90 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 90 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 42 verses · 47%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 40 verses · 44%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 8 verses · 9%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Transgressions 31×, Transgression 30×, Trespass 3×
- American Standard Version: Transgression 32×, Transgressions 28×, Burnt-offering 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Transgressions 40×, Transgression 25×, Rebellion 8×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Transgressions 31×, Transgression 30×, Sins of 9×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6588 across 93 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 23 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6588 across 93 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 31 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6588 across 93 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 11 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6588 across 96 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
10 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 10 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. transgression against individuals Gn 31:36; 50:17(×2); Ex 22:8 (E), 1 S 24:12; 25:28; Pr 10:19; 17:19; 28:24; 29:6, 16, 22; פ׳ שְׂפָתַיִם 12:13; על כל־פשׁעים תְּכַסֶּה אַהֲבָה 10:12, cf. 17:9; 19:11; 28:13. e.g. Genesis 31:36
- 2. of nation, against nation: Am 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1; of land Pr 28:2. Elsewh. e.g. Amos 1:3
- 3. against God:
- a. in gen., ‖ חטאת Is 58:1; 59:12; Mi 1:5(×2), 13; 3:8 Am 5:12; ‖ עון Ez 21:29 ψ 107:17; עשׂה פ׳ Ez 18:22, 28; ביום פ׳ 33:12; רַבּוּ פ׳ Is 59:12; Jb 35:6; Je 5:6 (?); יֹסִיף על חטאתו פ׳ Jb 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; יִלְדֵי פ׳ Is 57:4; personified as evil spirit, נאם פשׁע ψ 36:2. e.g. Isaiah 58:1
- b. as recognized by by sinner; he knows it ψ 51:5, make known concerning it to י׳ 32:5, does not cover it (כסה) Jb 31:33; turns from it Is 59:20 Ez 18:30; casts it away from him Ez 18:31. e.g. Psalms 51:5
- c. God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד) Am 3:14 ψ 89:33, dealing with one according to it, עשׂה כ Ez 39:24, making it known to sinner Jb 13:23; 36:9; punishing in various ways: מִפּ׳ because of it Is 53:5, 8; c. על, according to it Am 2:4, 6 La 1:5, 22; for it, c. ב Is 50:1; עֹל פ׳ La 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פ׳ Jb 8:4; he does not grant forgiveness to it, לֹא נשׂא ל׳ Ex 23:21 Jos 24:19 (E). e.g. Amos 3:14
- d. God forgives (נשׂא) it Ex 34:7 Nu 14:18 (J), Jb 7:21, cf. ψ 32:1; pardons (סלח) 1 K 8:50; passes over (עבר על, cf. Pr 19:11) Mi 7:18; removes (הרחיק) ψ 103:12; covers over (כפר) 65:4;—cf. (of priest) וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִפ׳ Lv 16:16, and confession of פ׳ over (על) goat v 21;—God blots out (מחה) Is 43:25; 44:22 ψ 51:3; וּפ׳ אַל־תִּזְכֹּר 25:7; delivers from, הציל מן 39:9.—Jb 35:15 read פֶּשַׁע for פַשׁ q.v. e.g. Exodus 34:7
- 4. guilt of transgression (cf. עון 2), בְּלִי פ׳ without (guilt of) transgression Jb 33:9; 34:6; לא פ׳ ψ 59:4; פ׳ עלינו Ez 33:10; כבד עליה פ׳ Is 24:20; בְּרֹב פ׳ ψ 5:11; נקיתי מפ׳ 19:14; יִטַּמְּאוּ בְּכָל־פ׳ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) their transgressions Ez 14:11; 37:23; חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פ׳ Jb 14:17. e.g. Job 33:9
- 5. punishment for transgression, Dn 8:12, 13; 9:24, cf. עון 3. e.g. Daniel 8:12
- 6. offering for transgression, האתן בכורי פשׁעי Mi 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my transgression (cf. חטאת 4). e.g. Micah 6:7
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.m. ψ 19:14 transgression;—abs. פ׳ Ex 22:8 +, פָּ֑שַׁע Pr 10:19 +; cstr. פֶּשַׁע Gn 50:17 +; sf. פִּשְׁעִי Gn 31:36 + 14 times sfs.; pl. פְּשָׁעִים Pr 10:12; cstr. פִּשְׁעֵי Am 1:3 +, etc.;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from פשע (pâshaʻ) (H6586) — to rebel.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
פָּשַׁע
- (b. h.) [to pass beyond,]
- 1. to be wilful, rebellious. Yoma IV, 2 פָּשַׁעְתִּי; ib. VI, 2 פָּשְׁעוּ, v. עָוָה; a. fr.—פּוֹשֵׁעַ a wilful transgressor, rebel, apostate. Gitt. 57ᵃ פ׳ ישראל a Jewish apostate (the censor’s disguise for Jesus). Ib. תא חזי מה בין פּוֹשְׁעֵי ישראל וכ׳ come and see the difference between Jewish apostates and gentile prophets. R. Hash. 17ᵃ פ׳ ישראל בגופן Jewish sinners with their bodies (disregarding the ceremonial laws intended to guard the purity of life); פ׳ אומות העולם בגופן gentile sinners with their bodies (lustful and violent). Midr. Till. to Ps. LI כשאתה אומר לפּוֹשְׁעִים … אם תקבלני כל הפושעים משלימים לך when thou sayest to the sinners, why have you not repented? (they may plead ignorance of thy goodness, but) if thou receivest me, all sinners will make peace with thee; a. fr.
- 2. to be faithless. Gen. R. s. 52 (ref. to Prov. XVIII, 19) פָּשַׁעְתָּ באברהם thou (Lot) wast faithless to Abraham; Num. R. s. 18 זה קרח שפ׳ בתורה וכ׳ this refers to Korah who was faithless to the Law, which is called ‘strength’; a. fr.—Esp. (with ref. to Ex. XXII, 8) to be negligent in guarding a trust. B. Mets. 36ᵇ פ׳ בה וכ׳ if he was careless in guarding the animal, and it went out &c. Ib. 34ᵃ כיון שאמר פשעתי וכ׳ as soon as he says, ‘I have been at fault’, he surrenders the eventual fine (of the thief) to the owner. Ib. 58ᵃ כי היכי דלא לקרו להו פושעים in order that they may not be called faithless guardians; a. fr.—Ber. 28ᵃ ונקרא פושע and he is called negligent (because he delayed his prayers). e.g. Proverbs 18:19
- to cause to transgress. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Ex. XXII, 8) מדבר באהרן שה׳ ישראל בדיבור לא יהיה it alludes to Aaron who caused Israel to transgress the commandment, ‘thou shalt have no other gods &c.’ (Ex. XX, 3). e.g. Exodus 22:8
פְּשַׁע
- Taan. 24ᵃ כל מאן דפ׳ מחשדינא וכ׳ if a child rebels (refuses to study), I bribe him by giving him &c. Gitt. 36ᵃ הוה פָּשַׁע בינוקי he was faithless to (maltreated) the children; Macc. 16ᵇ
פֶּשַׁע
- preced.) rebellion, sin. Gen. R. s. 22 ילפִשְׁעִי, v. סָבַל. Tanḥ. Vayesheb 4 מה פשעי what wrong have I done?; a. e.—Pl. פְּשָׁעִים. Yoma III, 8; IV, 2. Ib. 36ᵇ פ׳ אלו המרדים by p’shaʿim are meant rebellious acts; Y. ib. III, 40ᵈ bot. פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם; Tosef. ib. II, 1; a. e.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 74 distinct written forms H6588 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 14 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 87 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 90 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 31:36
- Exodus 22:9
- Leviticus 16:16
- Numbers 14:18
- Joshua 24:19
- 1 Samuel 24:11
- 1 Kings 8:50
- Job 7:21
- Psalms 5:10
- Proverbs 10:12
- Isaiah 24:20
- Jeremiah 5:6
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
