לוּן
to lodge
also: stop over, pass the night, abide fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”).
- Niphal
- Usually the simple passive or reflexive of the Qal (“he was written”).
- Hiphil
- The causative active stem (“he caused / brought about”).
- Hithpolel
- The reflexive counterpart of the Polel.
Form
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Imperative
- A direct command (“write!”).
- Jussive
- A third- or second-person volitional form expressing wish or command (“let him write”).
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Cohortative
- A first-person volitional form expressing wish or resolve (“let me / let us write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
- 2nd Person
- The one addressed (“you”).
- 1st Person
- The speaker (“I / we”).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H3885 appears in the Book of Joel — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Joel
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“to lodge” is the headline sense of the Hebrew verb לון (lûwn). Where the King James Version says “lodge,” newer translations reach for “spend the night” (Berean Standard Bible); the renderings breakdown has the detail. It appears 78 verses across 21 books of the Hebrew Bible, among its moderately common vocabulary. First canonically at Genesis 19:2, it enters the text early. Read the stem: it spans 2 stems, including Niphal and Hiphil. See the sense tree, 78-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3885 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 78
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 78 distinct verses.
- 21 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 21 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #470
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 470 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 78 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 78 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 29 verses · 37%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 25 verses · 32%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 24 verses · 31%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Lodge 10×, Lodged 7×, Murmured 6×
- American Standard Version†: Lodge 7×, Murmured 6×, Lodged 5×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Spend the night 13×, Grumbled 5×, Spent 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Lodge 15×, And 8×, Murmured 7×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3885 across 85† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 43 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3885 across 85† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 48 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3885 across 80† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 41 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 3 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3885 across 105† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 40 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
8 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 8 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
לון I . vb. lodge, pass the night, fig. abide (NH לִינָה n. lodging, spending the night
- 1. lodge, pass the night:
- a. lit., human subj., often c. prep. or adv. of place, Gn 19:2; 28:11; Ju 19:13, 15; Ru 1:16; Jb 24:7 + often (on 2 S 17:8 v. Hiph.); c. ה loc., וְלָן וְשָׁכַב אַ֫רְצָה 2 S 12:16; c. ב loc. + ב temp. בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא Gn 32:14, 22; Jos 8:9; c. הַלַּיְלָה (accus. temp.), Nu 22:8; Jos 4:3; 2 S 17:16; 19:8; Ru 3:13; of the wicked ψ 59:16, according to Hup De Pe al.; לון 𝔊𝔙 Aq Che Bae al., cf. AV; sim. of temporary sojourn Je 14:8 (of י׳ in Isr.) e.g. Genesis 19:2
- b. of animals: wild ox (רְאֵם) Jb 39:9 (sq. עַל־אֲבוּסֶ֑ךָ), porcupine (קִפֹּד) Zp 2:14. e.g. Job 39:9
- c. inanim. subj. = remain all night: of fat of sacrifice Ex 23:18 (E; sq. עַד־בֹּקֶר), passover meal 34:25 (P; sq. לַבֹּקֶר), Dt 16:4 (sq. לַבֹּקֶר; all these without local designation), wages of hireling Lv 19:13 (H; אֶת = with + עַד־בֹּקֶר); of dead body Dt 21:23 (עַל loc.); dew Jb 29:19 (ב loc.); bunch of myrrh Ct 1:13 (בֵּין loc.) e.g. Exodus 23:18
- d. fig. בָּעֶרֶב יָלִין בֶּ֑כִי ψ 30:6 at evening weeping may come to lodge (opp. וְלַבֹּקֶר רִנָּה). e.g. Psalms 30:6
- 2. fig. abide, remain, subj. עַיִן (= look upon), c. ב Jb 17:2; of error, 19:4 (c. prep. אֵת pers.), strength 41:14 (of crocod.; c. ב); of righteousness, Is 1:21 (c. ב); נַפְשׁוֹ בְטוֹב תָּלִין ψ 25:13; of hearkening ear Pr 15:31, c. בְּקֶרֶב; of thoughts Je 4:14, c. id.; abs., of man, continue, endure, ψ 49:13, שָׂבֵעַ יָלִין Pr 19:23 he shall continue satisfied. Hiph. Impf. יָלִין cause to rest, lodge, sq. acc., 2 S 17:8 v. Köi. 509. Hithpoʿl. Impf. יִתְלֹנָ֑ן Jb 39:28 dwell, abide, of eagle; fig. בְּצֵל שַׁדַּי יִתְלוֹנָ֑ן ψ 91:1 of one trusting in י׳. e.g. Job 17:2
לון II murmur, only Ex 15, 16, 17, Nu 14, 16, 17, and Jos 9
Niphal
- Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּלּוֹ֫נוּ Ex 15:24 + 3 times + Ex 16:2 Qr (Kt וילינו) + Nu 14:36 Kt (Qr וַיַּלִּי֫נוּ, Hiph.); 2 mpl. תִּלּוֹ֫נוּ Ex 16:7; Nu 16:11, both Kt (Qr תַּלִּי֫נוּ); on forms v. Ges§ 72 ee Köi. 509;—murmur against, sq. עַל Ex 15:24 (JE), 16:2, 7; Nu 14:2; 16:11; 17:6 Jos 9:18 (all P; all of people Isr.); abs. ψ 59:16 (v. ׃לון 1 a). e.g. Exodus 15:24
Hiphil
- Pf. 2 mpl. חֲלִינֹתֶם Nu 14:29; Impf. וַיָּ֫לָן Ex 17:3; וַיַּלִּי֫נוּ Ex 16:2 Kt, Nu 14:36 Qr; 2 mpl. תַּלִּי֫נוּ Ex 16:7 Qr, Nu 16:11 Qr (on all vid. supr.); Pt. pl. מַלִּינִים Ex 16:8 + 3 times;—murmur = Niph., sq. על Ex 17:3 (E), elsewhere P: 16:8 Nu 14:27(×2), 29; 17:20; cause to murmur, sq. acc. + עַל Nu 14:36 Qr; (cf. also supra Niph.) e.g. Numbers 14:29
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. . vb. lodge, pass the night, fig. abide (NH לִינָה n. lodging, spending the night; cf. NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 535 ff.; according to Thes kindred with לַיְלָה (q.v. infra), with change of ל and ן)—Qal Pf. לָן Gn 32:22; 2 S 12:16; 3 fs. וְלָ֫נֶה consec. (before monosyl.) Zc 5:4; 1 pl. וְלַנּוּ consec. Ju 19:13 (v. Ges§ 73. R. 1 Köi. 508); Impf. יָלִין Ex 23:18 + 13 times + 2 S 17:8, but cf. Hiph.; וַיָּ֫לֶן Gn 28:11 + 4 times; 3 fs. תָּלִין Lv 19:13 + 4 times; תָּלַ֫ן Jb 17:2 (v. Köi. 509); 2 ms. juss. אַל־תָּ֫לֶן 2 S 17:16; תָּלַ֑ן Ju 19:20 (v. Köl.c.), etc.; Imv. לִין Ju 19:6, 9, etc.; Inf. cstr. לָלוּן Gn 24:25 + 5 times; לָלִין 24:23; Pt. pl. לֵנִים Ne 13:21;—
II. vb. murmur, only Ex 15, 16, 17, Nu 14, 16, 17, and Jos 9:18 (Sam. always defect., hence NöZMG xxxvii, 1883, 535 n. thinks poss. לנן [cf. רנן?]; from limited occurrence, he supposes it disappeared early; but found chiefly in P);—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
לוּן
- (b. h.) to stay over night, to take (night-) lodging; to be kept over night. Num. R. s. 12, beg. (ref. to Ps. XCI, 1) שלָו שם לינות הרבה, v. לִינָה. Ib. הקב"ה … נתאוה לָלוּן בצלינו the Lord … is desirous to lodge under our shade (Tabernacle). Snh. VI, 4 ואם לן but if his body was allowed to hang over night. Pes. 42ᵃ מים שלָנוּ water which has been kept in vessels over night (misunderstood for ‘our water’, v. בִּית). Ber. 18ᵇ ולן בבית הקברות and stayed over night in the burial ground; a. fr.—[Gen. R. s. 60, distinction between לָלִין, Gen. XXIV, 23 and לָלוּן, ib. 25, v. לִינָה.] e.g. Psalms 91:1
- to keep over night. B. Kam. 99ᵃ עובר משום (לא) בל תָּלִין transgresses the law which says, (Lev. XIX, 13) ‘thou shalt not &c.’; B. Mets. IX, 12 יש בו משום לא תלין וכ׳ the prohibition to keep the wages of the hired man over night applies to it; ib. 111ᵇ; a. fr.—Esp. to leave a corpse unburied over night. Snh. VI, 5 כל המֵלִין את וכ׳ whosoever postpones the burial of his dead transgresses a prohibitory law (ref. to Deut. XXI, 23 in its general application); הֵלִינוֹ לכבודו וכ׳ but if one kept him over night for his honor’s sake (to prepare a more honorable burial) &c.; a. fr.—V. הֲלָנָה. e.g. Leviticus 19:13
- , Nithpol. נִתְלוֹנֵן to seek shelter; to take refuge. Num. R. l. c. (ref. to Ps. l. c.) [read:] שדי תִּתְלוֹנֵן בצל שעשה לך וכ׳ Almighty, be pleased to lodge in the shade which Bezaleel has made for thee. Yalk. Job 906 יש להם מנוס שׁיִתְלוֹנְנוּ מדינה וכ׳ have a place of refuge where to find shelter from the judgment of Gehenna; (Yalk. Jud. 41 שינצלו).
לוּן II
- to join.
- (cmp. קָהַל) to rise against, murmur, rebel. Ex. R. s. 25 כיון שׁהִלִּינוּ היה וכ׳ when they rebelled, it would have been necessary that the anger (of the Lord) &c.
- same. Tosef. B. Bath. VII, 9 המִתְלוֹנְנִים והמרגלים וכ׳ the rebellious (Num. XIV, sq.) and the spies … took no share &c.
לוֹן
- = לְהוֹן, unto them. Y. Ber. III, 6ᵇ top; a. fr.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 67 distinct written forms H3885 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
The 60 most common forms are shown; 7 rarer forms follow in the full concordance.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3885, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 71 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 78 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 19:2
- Exodus 15:24
- Leviticus 19:13
- Numbers 14:2
- Deuteronomy 16:4
- Joshua 3:1
- Judges 18:2
- Ruth 1:16
- 2 Samuel 12:16
- 1 Kings 19:9
- 1 Chronicles 9:27
- Job 17:2
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
