כְּנַעֲנִי
Canaanite
BDB lists 4 entries for ‘Canaanite’ fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Gentilic
- A noun naming a member of a people, tribe, or region of origin (e.g. an Israelite, a Moabite).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H3669 appears in the Book of Joshua — 14 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Joshua
- Joshua 3:10 הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֨י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms Joshua said, Hereby you shall know that the living God is among you, and that he will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Hivite, and the Perizzite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Jebusite.
- Joshua 5:1 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms It happened, when all the kings of the Amorites, who were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, who were by the sea, heard how that Yahweh had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.
- Joshua 7:9 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms For the Canaanites and all the inhabitants of the land will hear of it, and will compass us round, and cut off our name from the earth: and what will you do for your great name?
- Joshua 9:1 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms It happened, when all the kings who were beyond the Jordan, in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and on all the shore of the great sea in front of Lebanon, the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard of it;
- Joshua 11:3 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill-country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
- Joshua 12:8 וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ conj + ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
- Joshua 13:3 לַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י prep det + n Gentilic ms from the Shihor, which is before Egypt, even to the border of Ekron northward, [which] is reckoned to the Canaanites; the five lords of the Philistines; the Gazites, and the Ashdodites, the Ashkelonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avvim,
- Joshua 13:4 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms on the south; all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that belongs to the Sidonians, to Aphek, to the border of the Amorites;
- Joshua 16:10 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֜י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms They didn't drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer: but the Canaanites dwell in the midst of Ephraim to this day, and are become servants to do forced labor.
- Joshua 17:12 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֔י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms Yet the children of Manasseh couldn't drive out [the inhabitants of] those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
- Joshua 17:13 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms It happened, when the children of Israel had grown strong, that they put the Canaanites to forced labor, and didn't utterly drive them out.
- Joshua 17:16 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms The children of Joseph said, The hill-country is not enough for us: and all the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both they who are in Beth-shean and its towns, and they who are in the valley of Jezreel.
- Joshua 17:18 הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms but the hill-country shall be yours; for though it is a forest, you shall cut it down, and the goings out of it shall be yours; for you shall drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron, and though they are strong.
- Joshua 24:11 וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י conj + ptcl def.art + n Gentilic ms You went over the Jordan, and came to Jericho: and the men of Jericho fought against you, the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Girgashite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite; and I delivered them into your hand.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
כנעני — transliterated Kᵉnaʻanîy — is a Hebrew name carrying the sense “Canaanite.” Debuting at Genesis 10:18, it then recurs through the corpus. Spanning 71 verses in 16 books, it ranks among the moderately common words of the Hebrew Bible. The sections below give every occurrence and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3669 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 71
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 71 distinct verses.
- 16 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 16 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #542
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 542 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 71 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 71 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 34 verses · 48%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 31 verses · 44%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 6 verses · 8%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Canaanites 46×, Canaanite 11×, Against the canaanites 4×
- American Standard Version†: Canaanites 28×, Canaanite 27×, Against the canaanites 4×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Canaanites 54×, Canaanite 8×, Against the canaanites 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Canaanite 43×, Canaanites 21×, Canaanite woman 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3669 across 73† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 10 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3669 across 73† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 12 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3669 across 72† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3669 across 74† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 8 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 4 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
כנעני I om. gent. of 1. כְּנַעַן
- 1. adj. אִישׁ כ׳ Gn 38:2 (J). e.g. Genesis 38:2
- 2. c. art. as subst.,
- a. of individual, הַכּ׳ מֶלֶךְ־עֲרָד Nu 21:1 (J) and hence 33:40 (P or R); f. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Gn 46:10 = Ex 6:15 (P) בַּת־שׁוּעַ הַכְּנַעֲנִית 1 Ch 2:3. e.g. Numbers 21:1
- b. usually coll. (c. art.) of pre-Isr. inhabitants of כְּנַעַן (q.v.) Gn 12:6; 24:3, 37; 50:11 (all J), Nu 21:3 (J), Jos 13:3 (D), Ju 1:1, 3, 9, 10, 17, many of whom continued to live in the midst of Isr., v 27, 28, 29(×2), 30, 32, 33 Jos 16:10(×2), 17:12, 13, 16, 18 (all JE), 1 K 9:16; pl. only Ob 20, and יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ הַכְּנַעֲנִים Ne 9:24; מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַכּ׳ Gn 10:18, גְּבוּל הַכּ׳ v 19 (both J), אֶרֶץ הַכּ׳ Ex 13:11 (JE), Ez 16:3; often of part of the inhabit., הַכּ׳ וְכָל יֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Jos 7:9 (JE), Dt 11:30; with other n.pr.gent., + הַפְּרִזִּי Gn 13:7; 34:30 (both J), Ju 1:4, 5, + הָאֱמֹרִי Dt 1:7 Jos 5:1; 13:4 (all D); + הַחִוִּי 2 S 24:7; + עֲמָלֵקִ(י) Nu 14:25, 43, 45; especially in the list of peoples dispossessed by Isr., Gn 15:21 Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 23:23, 28; 33:2; 34:11 Nu 13:29 (הַכּ׳ dwelling by the sea and along Jordan [cf. Dt 1:7; 11:30 Jos 5:1; 11:3; 13:4]; all these JE), Dt 7:1; 20:17 Jos 3:10; 9:1; 11:3; 12:8; 24:11 (all JED), Ju 3:3, 5; hence Ezr 9:1 Ne 9:8. Cf. Dr Dt. p. 11, 13 f., 97, 133. e.g. Genesis 12:6
כנעני II trader, merchant (cf. ii. כְּנַעַו)
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. adj. et nom. gent. of 1. כְּנַעַן;—usually ms. (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִי Gn 38:2 Nu 21:1 +; fs. הַכְּנַעֲנִית Gn 46:10 = Ex 6:15 1 Ch 2:3; mpl.; (הַ)כְּנַעֲנִים Ob 20 Ne 9:24;—
II. n.m. trader, merchant (cf. ii. כְּנַעַו); only sg. (but v. infr. pl. כְּנַעֲנִים Jb 40:30; pl. sf. כִּנְעָנֶיהָ (si vera l.) Is 23:8 (‖ סֹחֲרֶיהָ).):—וְלֹא יִהְיֶה כ׳ עוֹד בְּבֵית י׳ Zc 14:21 (Aq.); וַחֲגוֹר נָֽתְנָה לַכּ׳ Pr 31:24 (‖ סָדִין עָֽשְׂתָה וַתִּמְכֹּר). In Zc 11:7, 11 read perhaps (לִ)כְנַעֲנִיֵּי for (לָ)כֵן עֲנִיֵּי, 𝔊 Χαναναῖοι, Χαναανῖτιν, StaZAW, 1881, 26 (who comp. as to sense Ho 12:8), cf. Klo We Marti.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from כנען (Kᵉnaʻan) (H3667) — Canaan.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
כְּנַעֲנִי
- (b. h.)
- 1. Canaanite. Tosef. B. Kam. VIII, 19. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s. 7 (ref. to Ex. XXI, 26) בכ׳ וכ׳ the text speaks of a Canaanite slave, opp. to עבד עברי. Kidd. I, 3 עבד כ׳ נקנה וכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of &c.; a. fr.—Pl. כְּנַעֲנִים. Tosef. B. Kam. IX, 10. Mekh. l. c. s. 3 כדרך שהכ׳ וכ׳ as the Canaanite slaves go free. Sot. 35ᵇ כ׳ שבח"ל Canaanites outside of Palestine. e.g. Exodus 21:26
- 2. Phœnician, merchant. Sifré Deut. 306; Yalk. ib. 942 (ref. to יערף, Deut. XXXII, 2) לשון כ׳ וכ׳ it is a merchant’s expression, f. i., a man says not to his neighbor, ‘change for me &c.,’ but ‘break &c.’ (ערוף). e.g. Deuteronomy 32:2
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 36 distinct written forms H3669 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 1:7 | 12 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Joshua 16:10 | 8 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֔י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 11:30 | 7 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֛י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 23:28 | 4 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Joshua 7:9 | 3 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֔י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 23:23 | 3 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 13:7 | 3 |
| הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֨י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Joshua 3:10 | 2 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֑י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Ezekiel 16:3 | 2 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֑ית | Noun, Gentilic, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 6:15 | 2 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֜י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 50:11 | 2 |
| בַּֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֑י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Judges 1:9 | 1 |
| בַּֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֔י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Judges 1:3 | 1 |
| בַּֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 34:30 | 1 |
| הַ/כְּנַ֣עֲנִ֔ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 9:24 | 1 |
| הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֣י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 20:17 | 1 |
| הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֤י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Numbers 21:1 | 1 |
| הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֥י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Judges 1:4 | 1 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִֽית | Noun, Gentilic, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 46:10 | 1 |
| הַֽ֠/כְּנַעֲנִי | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Exodus 13:5 | 1 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֔י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 15:21 | 1 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִֽי | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 10:18 | 1 |
| הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 10:19 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֣י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 7:1 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֥י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Numbers 14:43 | 1 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֑י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Samuel 24:7 | 1 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Numbers 14:25 | 1 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֗י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Joshua 24:11 | 1 |
| וְ/הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 12:6 | 1 |
| כְנַעֲנִ֥י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Zechariah 14:21 | 1 |
| כְּֽנַעֲנִֽים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Job 41:6 | 1 |
| כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 38:2 | 1 |
| כְּנַעֲנִים֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Obadiah 1:20 | 1 |
| לַ/כְּנַעֲנִ֨י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Ezra 9:1 | 1 |
| לַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Joshua 13:3 | 1 |
| לַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִֽי | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Proverbs 31:24 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3669, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → 3 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Bible dictionary
Public-domain dictionary articles matched to this entry by name (Canaanite). A biblical name can be shared by more than one person or place, so an article may treat several.
Easton's Bible Dictionary · M. G. Easton, 1897
A name given to the apostle Simon (Matt. 10:4; Mark 3:18). The word here does not, however, mean a descendant of Canaan, but is a translation, or rather almost a transliteration, of the Syriac word Kanenyeh (R.V. rendered "Cananaen"), which designates the Jewish sect of the Zealots. Hence he is called elsewhere (Luke 6:15) "Simon Zelotes;" i.e., Simon of the sect of the Zealots. (See SIMON.)
Classic public-domain reference works; full attribution on Sources.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 69 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 71 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 10:18
- Exodus 3:8
- Numbers 13:29
- Deuteronomy 1:7
- Joshua 3:10
- Judges 1:1
- 2 Samuel 24:7
- 1 Kings 9:16
- 1 Chronicles 2:3
- Ezra 9:1
- Job 41:6
- Proverbs 31:24
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
