σοφός
wise
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
See every Dative-case word in the Greek New Testament →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
Case
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
- Accusative
- The case of the direct object and of extent.
- Genitive
- The case of source, possession, or “of” — answers “whose / from what.”
- Dative
- The case of the indirect object, means, or location — “to / for / with / in.”
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Neuter
- Grammatically neuter.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one.
Degree
- Comparative
- Expresses a greater degree (“greater,” “more”).
1 verse where G4680 appears in the Nominative case in the Book of Romans. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
Romans
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, σοφος (sophós) means “wise.” The word gravitates to 1 Corinthians (53%), then Romans and Matthew. It appears 19 verses across 6 books of the Greek New Testament, among its uncommon vocabulary. Scripture first uses it in Matthew 11:25. It clusters with σοφια and σοφιζω under a shared root. Dig into 19-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G4680 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 19
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 19 distinct verses.
- 6 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 6 of 27 New Testament books.
- #622
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Greek words (rank 622 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 19 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- 1 Corinthians 10 verses 53%
- Romans 4 verses 21%
- Matthew 2 verses 11%
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 19 distinct verses.
- Pauline corpus 15 verses · 79%
- Gospels 3 verses · 16%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 1 verse · 5%
- General (Catholic) Epistles 1 verse · 5%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Wise 16×, Wise men 2×
- American Standard Version: Wise 14×
- Berean Standard Bible: Wise 18×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Wise 15×, Wise ones 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G4680 across 22 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G4680 across 21 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 7 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G4680 across 20 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G4680 across 22 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- wise
Word origin
Origin: akin to saphes (clear)
Akin to σαφής saphē s ( clear ); wise (in a most general application): - wise. Compare G5429 .
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 10 distinct written forms G4680 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| σοφὸς sophòs | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Masculine | 1 Corinthians 3:10 | 4 |
| σοφῶν sophō̂n | Adjective, Genitive, Plural, Masculine | Matthew 11:25 | 4 |
| σοφοὺς sophoùs | Adjective, Accusative, Plural, Masculine | Matthew 23:34 | 3 |
| σοφοὶ sophoì | Adjective, Nominative, Plural, Masculine | Romans 1:22 | 2 |
| σοφός sophós | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Masculine | 1 Corinthians 1:20 | 2 |
| σοφοί sophoí | Adjective, Nominative, Plural, Masculine | Ephesians 5:15 | 1 |
| σοφούς sophoús | Adjective, Accusative, Plural, Masculine | 1 Corinthians 1:27 | 1 |
| σοφοῖς sophoîs | Adjective, Dative, Plural, Masculine | Romans 1:14 | 1 |
| σοφώτερον sophṓteron | Adjective, Nominative, Singular, Neuter, Comparative | 1 Corinthians 1:25 | 1 |
| σοφῷ sophō̂ | Adjective, Dative, Singular, Masculine | Romans 16:27 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G4680, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word σοφος appears 149 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 137 verses in 19 books.
- 149
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 137
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 19 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 19 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 41:8 σοφός
- Exodus 28:3 σοφός
- Deuteronomy 1:13 σοφός
- Judges 5:29 σοφός
- 1 Samuel 16:18 σοφός
- 2 Samuel 13:3 σοφός
- 1 Kings 2:9 σοφός
- 1 Chronicles 22:15 σοφός
- 2 Chronicles 2:6 σοφός
- Job 5:13 σοφός
- Psalms 48:10 σοφός
- Proverbs 1:5 σοφός
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G4680) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 137. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 41:8 σοφός It happened in the morning that his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men of it. Pharaoh told them his dream, but there was no one who could interpret them to Pharaoh.
- Exodus 28:3 σοφός You shall speak to all who are wise-hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they make Aaron's garments to sanctify him, that he may minister to me in the priest's office.
- Exodus 35:10 σοφός "Let every wise-hearted man among you come, and make all that Yahweh has commanded:
- Exodus 35:25 σοφός All the women who were wise-hearted spun with their hands, and brought that which they had spun, the blue, the purple, the scarlet, and the fine linen.
- Exodus 36:1 σοφός "Bezalel and Oholiab shall work with every wise-hearted man, in whom Yahweh has put wisdom and understanding to know how to work all the work for the service of the sanctuary, according to all that Yahweh has commanded."
- Exodus 36:4 σοφός All the wise men, who performed all the work of the sanctuary, each came from his work which they did.
- Exodus 36:8 σοφός All the wise-hearted men among those who did the work made the tent with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skillful workman, they made them.
- Deuteronomy 1:13 σοφός Take wise men of understanding and well known according to your tribes, and I will make them heads over you.
- Deuteronomy 1:15 σοφός So I took the heads of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens, and officers, according to your tribes.
- Deuteronomy 4:6 σοφός Keep therefore and do them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the peoples, who shall hear all these statutes, and say, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people.
- Deuteronomy 16:19 σοφός You shall not wrest justice: you shall not respect persons; neither shall you take a bribe; for a bribe does blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous.
- Deuteronomy 32:6 σοφός Do you thus requite Yahweh, Foolish people and unwise? Isn't he your father who has bought you? He has made you, and established you.
- Judges 5:29 σοφός Her wise ladies answered her, Yes, she returned answer to herself,
- 1 Samuel 16:18 σοφός Then answered one of the young men, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite, who is skillful in playing, and a mighty man of valor, and a man of war, and prudent in speech, and a comely person; and Yahweh is with him.
- 2 Samuel 13:3 σοφός But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David's brother; and Jonadab was a very subtle man.
- 2 Samuel 14:2 σοφός Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched there a wise woman, and said to her, please act like a mourner, and put on mourning clothing, Please, and don't anoint yourself with oil, but be as a woman who has a long time mourned for the dead:
- 2 Samuel 14:20 σοφός to change the face of the matter has your servant Joab done this thing: and my lord is wise, according to the wisdom of an angel of God, to know all things that are in the earth.
- 2 Samuel 20:16 σοφός Then cried a wise woman out of the city, "Hear, hear! Please say to Joab, 'Come near here, that I may speak with you.'"
- 1 Kings 2:9 σοφός Now therefore don't hold him guiltless, for you are a wise man; and you will know what you ought to do to him, and you shall bring his gray head down to Sheol with blood.
- 1 Kings 2:46 σοφός So the king commanded Benaiah the son of Jehoiada; and he went out, and fell on him, so that he died. The kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon.
- 1 Kings 3:12 σοφός behold, I have done according to your word: behold, I have given you a wise and an understanding heart; so that there has been none like you before you, neither after you shall any arise like you.
- 1 Chronicles 22:15 σοφός There are also workmen with you in abundance, cutters and workers of stone and timber, and all kinds of men who are skillful in every kind of work:
- 2 Chronicles 2:6 σοφός But who is able to build him a house, seeing heaven and the heaven of heavens can't contain him? who am I then, that I should build him a house, save only to burn incense before him?
- 2 Chronicles 2:11 σοφός Then Huram the king of Tyre answered in writing, which he sent to Solomon, Because Yahweh loves his people, he has made you king over them.
- 2 Chronicles 2:12 σοφός Huram said moreover, Blessed be Yahweh, the God of Israel, that made heaven and earth, who has given to David the king a wise son, endowed with discretion and understanding, that should build a house for Yahweh, and a house for his kingdom.
- 2 Chronicles 2:13 σοφός Now I have sent a skillful man, endowed with understanding, of Huram my father's,
- Job 5:13 σοφός He takes the wise in their own craftiness; The counsel of the cunning is carried headlong.
- Job 9:4 σοφός God who is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: Who has hardened himself against him, and prospered?
- Job 15:2 σοφός "Should a wise man answer with vain knowledge, And fill himself with the east wind?
- Job 15:18 σοφός (Which wise men have told From their fathers, and have not hidden it;
- Job 32:9 σοφός It is not the great who are wise, Nor the aged who understand justice.
- Job 34:2 σοφός "Hear my words, you wise men; Give ear to me, you who have knowledge.
- Job 34:34 σοφός Men of understanding will tell me, Yes, every wise man who hears me:
- Job 37:24 σοφός Therefore men revere him. He doesn't regard any who are wise of heart."
- Psalms 48:10 σοφός As is your name, God, So is your praise to the ends of the earth. Your right hand is full of righteousness.
- Psalms 57:6 σοφός They have prepared a net for my steps. My soul is bowed down. They dig a pit before me. They fall into the midst of it themselves. Selah.
- Psalms 106:43 σοφός Many times he delivered them, But they were rebellious in their counsel, And were brought low in their iniquity.
- Psalms 145:8 σοφός Yahweh is gracious, merciful, Slow to anger, and of great loving kindness.
- Proverbs 1:5 σοφός That the wise man may hear, and increase in learning; That the man of understanding may attain to sound counsel:
- Proverbs 1:6 σοφός To understand a proverb, and parables, The words and riddles of the wise.
- Proverbs 3:35 σοφός The wise will inherit glory, But shame will be the promotion of fools.
- Proverbs 6:6 σοφός Go to the ant, you sluggard. Consider her ways, and be wise;
- Proverbs 9:8 σοφός Don't reprove a scoffer, lest he hate you. Reprove a wise man, and he will love you.
- Proverbs 9:9 σοφός Instruct a wise man, and he will be still wiser. Teach a righteous man, and he will increase in learning.
- Proverbs 9:12 σοφός If you are wise, you are wise for yourself. If you mock, you alone will bear it.
- Proverbs 10:1 σοφός The proverbs of Solomon. A wise son makes a glad father; But a foolish son brings grief to his mother.
- Proverbs 10:4 σοφός He becomes poor who works with a lazy hand, But the hand of the diligent brings wealth.
- Proverbs 10:8 σοφός The wise in heart accept commandments, But a chattering fool will fall.
- Proverbs 10:14 σοφός Wise men lay up knowledge, But the mouth of the foolish is near ruin.
- Proverbs 12:15 σοφός The way of a fool is right in his own eyes, But he who is wise listens to counsel.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G4680) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
