גָּאוֹן
majesty
also: exaltation, pride fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Construct-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
39 distinct verses where H1347 appears in the Construct state, across 13 books. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus 1 verse
Leviticus 1 verse
Job 3 verses
- Job 35:12 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs There they cry, but none gives answer, Because of the pride of evil men.
- Job 37:4 גְּאוֹנ֑/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms After it a voice roars. He thunders with the voice of his majesty; He doesn't hold back anything when his voice is heard.
- Job 38:11 בִּ/גְא֥וֹן prep + n c ms cs And said, 'Here you may come, but no further; Here shall your proud waves be stayed?'
Psalms 2 verses
Isaiah 10 verses
- Isaiah 2:10 גְּאֹנֽ/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Enter into the rock, And hide in the dust, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty.
- Isaiah 2:19 גְּאוֹנ֔/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms Men shall go into the caves of the rocks, And into the holes of the earth, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty, When he arises to shake the earth mightily.
- Isaiah 2:21 גְּאוֹנ֔/וֹ n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms To go into the caverns of the rocks, And into the clefts of the ragged rocks, From before the terror of Yahweh, And from the glory of his majesty, When he arises to shake the earth mightily.
- Isaiah 13:11 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs I will punish the world for [their] evil, and the wicked for their iniquity: and I will cause the arrogance of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
- Isaiah 13:19 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldeans' pride, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
- Isaiah 14:11 גְּאוֹנֶ֖/ךָ n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms Your pomp is brought down to Sheol, [and] the noise of your viols: the worm is spread under you, and worms cover you.
- Isaiah 16:6 גְאוֹן וּ/גְאוֹנ֛/וֹ n c ms cs conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms We have heard of the pride of Moab, [that] he is very proud; even of his arrogance, and his pride, and his wrath; his boastings are nothing.
- Isaiah 23:9 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs Yahweh of hosts has purposed it, to stain the pride of all glory, to bring into contempt all the honorable of the earth.
- Isaiah 24:14 בִּ/גְא֣וֹן prep + n c ms cs These shall lift up their voice, they shall shout; for the majesty of Yahweh they cry aloud from the sea.
- Isaiah 60:15 לִ/גְא֣וֹן prep + n c ms cs Whereas you have been forsaken and hated, so that no man passed through you, I will make you an eternal excellency, a joy of many generations.
Jeremiah 5 verses
- Jeremiah 12:5 בִּ/גְא֥וֹן prep + n c ms cs If you have run with the footmen, and they have wearied you, then how can you contend with horses? and though in a land of peace you are secure, yet how will you do in the pride of the Jordan?
- Jeremiah 13:9 גְּא֧וֹן גְּא֥וֹן n c ms cs n c ms cs Thus says Yahweh, After this manner will I mar the pride of Judah, and the great pride of Jerusalem.
- Jeremiah 48:29 גְאוֹן וּ/גְאוֹנ֛/וֹ n c ms cs conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 3ms We have heard of the pride of Moab, [that] he is very proud; his loftiness, and his pride, and his arrogance, and the haughtiness of his heart.
- Jeremiah 49:19 מִ/גְּא֣וֹן prep + n c ms cs Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the pride of the Jordan against the strong habitation: for I will suddenly make them run away from it; and whoever is chosen, him will I appoint over it: for who is like me? and who will appoint me a time? and who is the shepherd who will stand before me?
- Jeremiah 50:44 מִ/גְּא֣וֹן prep + n c ms cs Behold, [the enemy] shall come up like a lion from the pride of the Jordan against the strong habitation: for I will suddenly make them run away from it; and whoever is chosen, him will I appoint over it: for who is like me? and who will appoint me a time? and who is the shepherd who can stand before me?
Ezekiel 7 verses
- Ezekiel 7:24 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs Therefore I will bring the worst of the nations, and they shall possess their houses: I will also make the pride of the strong to cease; and their holy places shall be profaned.
- Ezekiel 16:56 גְּאוֹנָֽיִ/ךְ n c mp cs + sfx pers 2fs For your sister Sodom was not mentioned by your mouth in the day of your pride,
- Ezekiel 24:21 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs Speak to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord Yahweh: Behold, I will profane my sanctuary, the pride of your power, the desire of your eyes, and that which your soul pities; and your sons and your daughters whom you have left behind shall fall by the sword.
- Ezekiel 30:6 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs Thus says Yahweh: They also who uphold Egypt shall fall; and the pride of her power shall come down: from the tower of Seveneh shall they fall in it by the sword, says the Lord Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 30:18 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs At Tehaphnehes also the day shall withdraw itself, when I shall break there the yokes of Egypt, and the pride of her power shall cease in her: as for her, a cloud shall cover her, and her daughters shall go into captivity.
- Ezekiel 32:12 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs By the swords of the mighty will I cause your multitude to fall; the terrible of the nations are they all: and they shall bring to nothing the pride of Egypt, and all the multitude of it shall be destroyed.
- Ezekiel 33:28 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs I will make the land a desolation and an astonishment; and the pride of her power shall cease; and the mountains of Israel shall be desolate, so that none shall pass through.
Hosea 2 verses
- Hosea 5:5 גְאֽוֹן n c ms cs The pride of Israel testifies to his face. Therefore Israel and Ephraim will stumble in their iniquity. Judah also will stumble with them.
- Hosea 7:10 גְאֽוֹן n c ms cs The pride of Israel testifies to his face; Yet they haven't returned to Yahweh their God, Nor sought him, for all this.
Amos 2 verses
- Amos 6:8 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs "The Lord Yahweh has sworn by himself," says Yahweh, the God of hosts: "I abhor the pride of Jacob, And detest his fortresses. Therefore I will deliver up the city with all that is in it.
- Amos 8:7 בִּ/גְא֣וֹן prep + n c ms cs Yahweh has sworn by the pride of Jacob, "Surely I will never forget any of their works.
Micah 1 verse
Nahum 1 verse
Zephaniah 1 verse
Zechariah 3 verses
- Zechariah 9:6 גְּא֥וֹן n c ms cs Foriegners will dwell in Ashdod, And I will cut off the pride of the Philistines.
- Zechariah 10:11 גְּא֣וֹן n c ms cs He will pass through the sea of affliction, And will strike the waves in the sea, And all the depths of the Nile will dry up; And the pride of Assyria will be brought down, And the scepter of Egypt will depart.
- Zechariah 11:3 גְּא֥וֹן n c ms cs A voice of the wailing of the shepherds! For their glory is destroyed: a voice of the roaring of young lions! For the pride of the Jordan is ruined.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
גאון — transliterated gâʼôwn — is a Hebrew noun carrying the sense “majesty.” “excellency” is the historic King James Version rendering; modern versions use “pride.” See the renderings breakdown. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 45 verses — moderately common. Debuting at Exodus 15:7, it then recurs through the corpus. Alongside “majesty” the lexicon also lists “exaltation” and “pride” — part of its full sense range. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H1347 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 45
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 45 distinct verses.
- 14 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 14 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #752
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 752 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 45 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 45 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 35 verses · 78%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 8 verses · 18%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 2 verses · 4%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Pride 19×, Excellency 10×, Majesty 6×
- American Standard Version: Pride 23×, Majesty 7×, Excellency 6×
- Berean Standard Bible: Pride 20×, Majesty 6×, Proud 4×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Pride 14×, Pride of 13×, Majesty 7×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H1347 across 49 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 7 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H1347 across 47 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 11 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H1347 across 49 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 6 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H1347 across 46 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 8 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 5 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. exaltation, majesty, excellence,
- a. of nations, their wealth, power, magnificence of buildings, e.g. Egypt Ez 32:12, Chaldeans Is 13:11, 19; 14:11, Philistines Zc 9:6, Assyria Zc 10:11, Jacob; ψ 47:5 Am 6:8; 8:7 Na 2:3, Israel Ho 5:5; 7:10 (prob. appellation of י׳), Na 2:3, Judah Je 13:9, Jerusalem v 9 Ez 16:56; גְּאוֹן עֻזָּהּ pride of her strength Ez 30:6, 18; 33:28; גאון עזים Ez 7:24 (but 𝔊 Ew Hi Co read עזם); גאון עזכם Lv 26:19; Ez 24:21; the fruit of land of Judah will become לגאון ולתפארת majestic and beautiful Is 4:2; גאון כל צבי the majesty of all the splendour (of Tyre) Is 23:9; Zion is to become גאון עולם an everlasting excellency Is 60:15. e.g. Ezekiel 32:12
- b. of God Ex 15:7; Is 24:14; Mi 5:3; הֲדַר גְּאֹנוֹ Is 2:10, 19, 21; יַרְעֵם בְּקוֹל גְּאוֹנוֹ Jb 37:4; עֲדֵה נָא גָּאוֹן וָגֹבַהּ Jb 40:10. e.g. Exodus 15:7
- c. גאון הירדן majesty of the Jordan, referring to the green and shady banks, clothed with willows, tamarisks, and cane, in which the lions made their covert Je 49:19; 50:44; Zc 11:3, and therefore dangerous Je 12:5 (Ew thinks of the swelling of its agitated waters); גְּאוֹן גַּלֶּיךָ majesty of thy waves Jb 38:11. e.g. Jeremiah 49:19
- 2. pride (bad sense) Jb 35:12 ψ 59:13; Pr 8:13; 16:18; Ez 7:20; 16:49 Zp 2:10; of Moab Is 16:6(×2) = Je 48:29(×2). e.g. Job 35:12
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.m. Ho 5:5 exaltation—Jb 40:10 + 5 times; cstr. גְּאוֹן Lv 26:19 + 31 times; sf. גְּאוֹנְךָ etc. Ex 15:7 + 9 times; pl. sf. גְּאוֹנָ֑יִךְ Ez 16:56;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from גאה (gâʼâh) (H1342) — to rise up.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
גָּאוֹן
- majesty, pride. Sifra B’ḥuck. Par. 2, ch. V; v. גֵּאֶה. [In the post-Talmudic period Gaon (excellency) was the title of the chiefs of the Babylonian academies.—Pl. גְּאוֹנִים.—גֵּאוֹנוּת Gaonate.]
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 26 distinct written forms H1347 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1347, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- גאה gêʼeh H1343 proud
- גאה gêʼâh H1344 pride
- גאוה gaʼăvâh H1346 pride
- גאות gêʼûwth H1348 majesty
- גאיון gaʼăyôwn H1349 proud
- גג gâg H1406 roof
- גו gêv H1460 back
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 10 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 43 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 45 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Exodus 15:7
- Leviticus 26:19
- Job 35:12
- Psalms 47:4
- Proverbs 8:13
- Isaiah 2:10
- Jeremiah 12:5
- Ezekiel 7:20
- Hosea 5:5
- Amos 6:8
- Micah 5:4
- Nahum 2:2
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
