ὀδύνη
anguish
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
See every Dative-case word in the Greek New Testament →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Case
- Dative
- The case of the indirect object, means, or location — “to / for / with / in.”
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
Gender
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one.
- Singular
- One.
1 distinct verse where G3601 appears in the Dative case, across 1 book. Filtered view — show all forms. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
1 Timothy 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Greek noun οδυνη centers on the idea of “anguish.” The Greek New Testament uses it only 2 verses. Romans dominates its distribution — 1 of 2 verses. Its earliest occurrence is Romans 9:2. Related forms include δυνω, δυσμη and οδυρμος. Dig into 2-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G3601 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 2
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 2 distinct verses.
- 2 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 2 of 27 New Testament books.
- #2,678
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Greek words (rank 2,678 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 2 occurrences in the concordance →
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 2 distinct verses.
- Pauline corpus 2 verses · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Sorrow in 1×, Sorrows 1×
- American Standard Version: Pain 1×, Sorrows 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Anguish 1×, Sorrows 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Pain 1×, Sorrows 1×, With 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G3601 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G3601 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G3601 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G3601 across 3 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- consuming grief, pain, sorrow
Word origin
Derived from δυνω (dýnō) (G1416) — to enter.
From G1416 ; grief (as dejecting ): - sorrow.
— Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance (1890), public domain.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms G3601 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that case’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| ὀδύναις odýnais | Noun, Dative, Plural, Feminine | 1 Timothy 6:10 | 1 |
| ὀδύνη odýnē | Noun, Nominative, Singular, Feminine | Romans 9:2 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G3601, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 6 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word οδυνη appears 56 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 55 verses in 16 books.
- 56
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 55
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 16 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 16 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 35:18 ὀδύνη
- Exodus 3:7 ὀδύνη
- Deuteronomy 26:14 ὀδύνη
- 1 Samuel 15:23 ὀδύνη
- Esther 9:22 ὀδύνη
- Job 2:9 ὀδύνη
- Psalms 12:3 ὀδύνη
- Proverbs 6:33 ὀδύνη
- Isaiah 14:3 ὀδύνη
- Jeremiah 8:18 ὀδύνη
- Lamentations 1:14 ὀδύνη
- Ezekiel 12:18 ὀδύνη
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G3601) appears in the Greek Septuagint — showing the first 50 of 55. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 35:18 ὀδύνη It happened, as her soul was departing (for she died), that she named him Ben-oni, but his father named him Benjamin.
- Genesis 44:31 ὀδύνη it will happen, when he sees that the boy is no more, that he will die. Your servants will bring down the gray hairs of your servant, our father, with sorrow to Sheol.
- Exodus 3:7 ὀδύνη Yahweh said, "I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.
- Deuteronomy 26:14 ὀδύνη I have not eaten of it in my mourning, neither have I put away of it, being unclean, nor given of it for the dead: I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have done according to all that you have commanded me.
- Deuteronomy 28:60 ὀδύνη He will bring on you again all the diseases of Egypt, which you were afraid of; and they shall cleave to you.
- 1 Samuel 15:23 ὀδύνη For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as idolatry and teraphim. Because you have rejected the word of Yahweh, he has also rejected you from being king.
- Esther 9:22 ὀδύνη as the days in which the Jews had rest from their enemies, and the month which was turned to them from sorrow to gladness, and from mourning into a good day; that they should make them days of feasting and gladness, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the needy.
- Job 2:9 ὀδύνη Then his wife said to him, "Do you still maintain your integrity? Renounce God, and die."
- Job 3:7 ὀδύνη Behold, let that night be barren. Let no joyful voice come therein.
- Job 3:20 ὀδύνη "Why is light given to him who is in misery, Life to the bitter in soul,
- Job 4:8 ὀδύνη According to what I have seen, those who plow iniquity, And sow trouble, Reap the same.
- Job 6:2 ὀδύνη "Oh that my anguish were weighed, And all my calamity laid in the balances!
- Job 7:3 ὀδύνη So am I made to possess months of misery, Wearisome nights are appointed to me.
- Job 7:4 ὀδύνη When I lie down, I say, 'When shall I arise, and the night be gone?' I toss and turn until the dawning of the day.
- Job 7:19 ὀδύνη How long will you not look away from me, Nor leave me alone until I swallow down my spittle?
- Job 15:35 ὀδύνη They conceive mischief, and bring forth iniquity. Their heart prepares deceit."
- Job 18:11 ὀδύνη Terrors shall make him afraid on every side, And shall chase him at his heels.
- Job 20:10 ὀδύνη His children shall seek the favor of the poor. His hands shall give back his wealth.
- Job 20:23 ὀδύνη When he is about to fill his belly, God will cast the fierceness of his wrath on him. It will rain on him while he is eating.
- Job 21:6 ὀδύνη When I remember, I am troubled. Horror takes hold of my flesh.
- Job 27:20 ὀδύνη Terrors overtake him like waters; A tempest steals him away in the night.
- Job 30:14 ὀδύνη As through a wide breach they come, In the midst of the ruin they roll themselves in.
- Job 30:15 ὀδύνη Terrors are turned on me. They chase my honor as the wind. My welfare has passed away as a cloud.
- Job 30:16 ὀδύνη "Now my soul is poured out within me. Days of affliction have taken hold on me.
- Job 30:22 ὀδύνη You lift me up to the wind, and drive me with it. You dissolve me in the storm.
- Psalms 12:3 ὀδύνη May Yahweh cut off all flattering lips, And the tongue that boasts,
- Psalms 30:11 ὀδύνη You have turned my mourning into dancing for me. You have removed my sackcloth, and clothed me with gladness,
- Psalms 40:4 ὀδύνη Blessed is the man who makes Yahweh his trust, And doesn't respect the proud, nor such as turn aside to lies.
- Psalms 93:19 ὀδύνη
- Psalms 106:39 ὀδύνη Thus were they defiled with their works, And prostituted themselves in their deeds.
- Psalms 114:3 ὀδύνη The sea saw it, and fled. The Jordan was driven back.
- Psalms 126:2 ὀδύνη Then our mouth was filled with laughter, And our tongue with singing. Then they said among the nations, "Yahweh has done great things for them."
- Proverbs 6:33 ὀδύνη He will get wounds and dishonor. His reproach will not be wiped away.
- Proverbs 17:21 ὀδύνη He who becomes the father of a fool grieves. The father of a fool has no joy.
- Proverbs 17:25 ὀδύνη A foolish son brings grief to his father, And bitterness to her who bore him.
- Proverbs 31:6 ὀδύνη Give strong drink to him who is ready to perish; And wine to the bitter in soul:
- Isaiah 14:3 ὀδύνη It shall happen in the day that Yahweh shall give you rest from your sorrow, and from your trouble, and from the hard service in which you were made to serve,
- Isaiah 19:10 ὀδύνη The pillars [of Egypt] shall be broken in pieces; all those who work for hire [shall be] grieved in soul.
- Isaiah 23:5 ὀδύνη When the report comes to Egypt, they shall be sorely pained at the report of Tyre.
- Isaiah 30:26 ὀδύνη Moreover the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold, as the light of seven days, in the day that Yahweh binds up the hurt of his people, and heals the stroke of their wound.
- Isaiah 32:10 ὀδύνη For days beyond a year shall you be troubled, you careless women; for the vintage shall fail, the harvest shall not come.
- Isaiah 35:10 ὀδύνη and the ransomed of Yahweh shall return, and come with singing to Zion; and everlasting joy shall be on their heads: they shall obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
- Isaiah 38:15 ὀδύνη What shall I say? he has both spoken to me, and himself has done it: I shall go softly all my years because of the bitterness of my soul.
- Isaiah 51:11 ὀδύνη The ransomed of Yahweh shall return, and come with singing to Zion; and everlasting joy shall be on their heads: they shall obtain gladness and joy; [and] sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
- Jeremiah 8:18 ὀδύνη Oh that I could comfort myself against sorrow! my heart is faint within me.
- Jeremiah 23:15 ὀδύνη Therefore thus says Yahweh of Hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink the water of gall; for from the prophets of Jerusalem is ungodliness gone forth into all the land.
- Lamentations 1:14 ὀδύνη The yoke of my transgressions is bound by his hand; They are knit together, they are come up on my neck; he has made my strength to fail: The Lord has delivered me into their hands, against whom I am not able to stand.
- Ezekiel 12:18 ὀδύνη Son of man, eat your bread with quaking, and drink your water with trembling and with fearfulness;
- Ezekiel 21:11 ὀδύνη It is given to be furbished, that it may be handled: the sword, it is sharpened, yes, it is furbished, to give it into the hand of the killer.
- Ezekiel 28:24 ὀδύνη There shall be no more a pricking brier to the house of Israel, nor a hurting thorn of any that are round about them, that did despite to them; and they shall know that I am the Lord Yahweh.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G3601) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
