מְאֹד
exceedingly
‘exceedingly’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adverb
- A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H3966 appears in the Book of 2 Samuel — 18 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
2 Samuel
- 2 Samuel 1:26 מְאֹ֑ד adv I am distressed for you, my brother Jonathan: Very pleasant have you been to me: Your love to me was wonderful, Passing the love of women.
- 2 Samuel 2:17 מְאֹ֖ד adv The battle was very severe that day: and Abner was beaten, and the men of Israel, before the servants of David.
- 2 Samuel 3:8 מְאֹ֜ד adv Then was Abner very angry for the words of Ish-bosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head that belongs to Judah? This day do I show kindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers, and to his friends, and have not delivered you into the hand of David; and yet you charge me this day with a fault concerning this woman.
- 2 Samuel 8:8 מְאֹֽד adv From Betah and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
- 2 Samuel 10:5 מְאֹ֑ד adv When they told it to David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. The king said, Wait at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
- 2 Samuel 11:2 מְאֹֽד adv It happened at evening, that David arose from off his bed, and walked on the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look on.
- 2 Samuel 12:2 מְאֹֽד adv The rich man had very many flocks and herds,
- 2 Samuel 12:5 מְאֹ֑ד adv David's anger was greatly kindled against the man, and he said to Nathan, "As Yahweh lives, the man who has done this is worthy to die!
- 2 Samuel 12:30 מְאֹֽד adv He took the crown of their king from off his head; and the weight of it was a talent of gold, and [in it were] precious stones; and it was set on David's head. He brought forth the spoil of the city, exceeding much.
- 2 Samuel 13:3 מְאֹֽד adv But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David's brother; and Jonadab was a very subtle man.
- 2 Samuel 13:15 מְאֹ֔ד adv Then Amnon hated her with exceeding great hatred; for the hatred with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. Amnon said to her, Arise, be gone.
- 2 Samuel 13:21 מְאֹֽד adv But when king David heard of all these things, he was very angry.
- 2 Samuel 13:36 מְאֹֽד adv It happened, as soon as he had made an end of speaking, that behold, the king's sons came, and lifted up their voice, and wept: and the king also and all his servants wept very sore.
- 2 Samuel 14:25 מְאֹ֑ד adv Now in all Israel there was none to be so much praised as Absalom for his beauty: from the sole of his foot even to the crown of his head there was no blemish in him.
- 2 Samuel 18:17 מְאֹ֑ד adv They took Absalom, and cast him into the great pit in the forest, and raised over him a very great heap of stones: and all Israel fled everyone to his tent.
- 2 Samuel 19:32 מְאֹ֔ד מְאֹֽד adv adv Now Barzillai was a very aged man, even eighty years old: and he had provided the king with sustenance while he lay at Mahanaim; for he was a very great man.
- 2 Samuel 24:10 מְאֹד֙ מְאֹֽד adv adv David's heart struck him after that he had numbered the people. David said to Yahweh, I have sinned greatly in that which I have done: but now, Yahweh, put away, I beg you, the iniquity of your servant; for I have done very foolishly.
- 2 Samuel 24:14 מְאֹ֑ד adv David said to Gad, I am in a great strait: let us fall now into the hand of Yahweh; for his mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew word מאד centers on the idea of “exceedingly.” First canonically at Genesis 1:31, it enters the text early. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 278 verses — common. Its meaning spans more than one sense — see its full sense range. Related forms include אוד, אד and אודות. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3966 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 278
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 278 distinct verses.
- 28 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 28 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #164
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 164 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 278 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 278 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 134 verses · 48%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 76 verses · 27%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 68 verses · 24%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Very 55×, Greatly 29×, Was very 21×
- American Standard Version†: Very 47×, Greatly 26×, Was very 22×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Very 27×, Greatly 21×, Was very 8×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Very 135×, Greatly 61×, Exceedingly 23×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 286† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 76 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 13 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 283† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 80 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 195† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 76 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 104 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3966 across 296† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 28 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
7 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 7 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
מאד I (√ of following Assyrian ma’âdu, be many, increase
מאד II muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly (cf. Assyrian mu’du, abundance, HomZMG 1878, 711 (‘treasures ana mu’di, in abundance’) DlHWB 399)
- 1. force, might, †Dt 6:5 וּבְכָל־מְאֹדֶ֑ךָ and with all thy might; hence 2 K 23:25. e.g. Deuteronomy 6:5
- 2. in diff. idioms (298 times) to express the idea of exceedingly, greatly, very (whether of magnitude or degree):
- a. (so mostly) as adv. acc., qualifying both adj. and obs., Gn 1:31 טוֹב מְאֹד good exceedingly, 4:5 וַיִּחַר לְקַיִן מְאֹד and Cain was wroth exceedingly, 7:18 וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם וַיִּרְבּוּ מְאֹד, 12:14; 13:2 וְאַבְרָם כָּבֵד מְאֹד בַּמִּקְנֶה, v 13 חַטָּאִים לי׳ מאד, 18:20; 19:3, 9; 21:11; 24:16, 35, + often, ψ 46:2 עֶזְרָה בְצָרוֹת נִמְצָא מְאֹד as a help in troubles, to be found (= present) exceedingly; with an inf. Is 47:9 בְּעָצְמַת חֲבָרַיִךְ מְאֹד despite of thy spells being very numerous, Jos 9:13 מֵרֹב הַדֶּרֶךְ מְאֹד, 1 K 7:47; הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד Gn 15:1; 41:49; Dt 3:5 +, for which in the later language is found לָרֹב מְאֹד †Zc 14:14; 2 Ch 4:18; 9:9 (in 1 K 10:10 הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד), 24:24; 30:13, and even לְהַרְבֵּה מְאֹד †2 Ch 11:12; 16:8. מְאֹד is not usually separated from the word it qualifies by more than one or two words (as Gn 20:8 וייראו האנשׁים מאד, Nu 11:10 ויחר אף י׳ מאד); see, however, Dt 30:14; Ju 12:2; 2 S 12:5; 1 K 11:19 ψ 31:12. It precedes its verb, †ψ 47:10 מְאֹד נַעֲלָה (hence 97:9), 92:6. e.g. Genesis 1:31
- b. עַד־מְאֹד up to abundance, to a great degree, exceedingly, †Gn 27:33 חֲרָדָה גְּדֹלָה עַד־מ׳, v 34 1 S 11:15 וישׂמח … עד מ׳, 25:36 וְהוּא שִׁכֹּר עַד־מ׳, 2 S 2:17; 1 K 1:4; Is 64:8 (cf. La 5:22), v 11 ψ 38:7, 9; 119:8, 43, 51, 107; Dn 8:8; 11:25. e.g. Genesis 27:33
- c. עַד־לִמְאֹד (v. עַד לְ)† 2 Ch 16:14. e.g. 2 Chronicles 16:14
- d. duplicated (Ges§ 133 k), †Gn 7:19 וְהַמַּיִם גָּֽבְרוּ מ׳ מ׳, 30:43; Nu 14:7; 1 K 7:47; 2 K 10:4; Ez 37:10. e.g. Genesis 7:19
- e. בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד lit. with muchness, muchness, †Gn 17:2, 6, 20; Ex 1:7 (all P), Ez 9:9; 16:13. e.g. Genesis 17:2
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. (√ of following Assyrian ma’âdu, be many, increase; maʾadu, many; ma’adiš, in abundance, DlHWB, 388 f.; cf. Sab. מאד to add, DHMZMG 1883, 342 f. HomSüd-Ar. Chr. 127; Arabic مَأَدَ begin to grow, of plant).
I. n.m. muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly (cf. Assyrian mu’du, abundance, HomZMG 1878, 711 (‘treasures ana mu’di, in abundance’) DlHWB 399):—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from אוד (ʼûwd) (H181) — firebrand.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
מְאֹד
- v. Schr. KAT2, p. 564) much; (adv.) very. Ber. IX, 5 (ref. to מאדך Deut. VI, 5) בכל מדה ומדה … הוי מודה לו במ׳ מ׳ (Ms. M. a. Y. ed. מ׳ מ׳; Bab. ed. 54ᵃ במ׳ מ׳ omitted) whatever measure he may measure out to thee, give thanks to him very, very much. Ab. IV, 4 מ׳ מ׳ הוי וכ׳ be exceedingly lowly in mind (humble). e.g. Deuteronomy 6:5
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 23 distinct written forms H3966 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| מְאֹֽד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 2:4 | 89 |
| מְאֹ֑ד | Adverb | Daniel 8:8 | 82 |
| מְאֹ֔ד | Adverb | Esther 1:12 | 47 |
| מְאֹ֖ד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 4:15 | 27 |
| מְאֹד֙ | Adverb | Exodus 11:3 | 11 |
| מְאֹ֗ד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 4:9 | 8 |
| בִּ/מְאֹ֣ד | Adverb | Exodus 1:7 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֜ד | Adverb | 1 Samuel 28:15 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֣ד | Adverb | Genesis 30:43 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֥ד | Adverb | Genesis 7:19 | 4 |
| מְאֹד֒ | Adverb | Genesis 27:33 | 3 |
| מְ֝אֹ֗ד | Adverb | Psalms 78:59 | 2 |
| מְאֹ֛ד | Adverb | 1 Samuel 5:11 | 2 |
| בִּ/מְאֹ֥ד | Adverb | Genesis 17:2 | 1 |
| לִ/מְאֹֽד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 16:14 | 1 |
| מְ֭אֹד | Adverb | Psalms 6:10 | 1 |
| מְאֹ֡ד | Adverb | 2 Chronicles 9:1 | 1 |
| מְאֹ֤ד | Adverb | Joshua 9:24 | 1 |
| מְאֹד | Adverb | Ezekiel 37:10 | 1 |
| מְאֹד֔/וֹ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | 2 Kings 23:25 | 1 |
| מְאֹד֮ | Adverb | Psalms 31:11 | 1 |
| מְאֹדֶֽ/ךָ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Deuteronomy 6:5 | 1 |
| מְּאֹ֑ד | Adverb | Psalms 104:1 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3966, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 252 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 278 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 1:31
- Exodus 1:7
- Numbers 11:10
- Deuteronomy 2:4
- Joshua 1:7
- Judges 2:15
- Ruth 1:13
- 1 Samuel 2:17
- 2 Samuel 1:26
- 1 Kings 1:4
- 2 Kings 10:4
- 1 Chronicles 10:4
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
