מְאֹד
exceedingly
‘exceedingly’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adverb
- A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb.
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H3966 appears in the Book of Joshua — 15 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Joshua
- Joshua 1:7 מְאֹ֗ד adv Only be strong and very courageous, to observe to do according to all the law, which Moses my servant commanded you: don't turn from it to the right hand or to the left, that you may have good success wherever you go.
- Joshua 3:16 מְאֹ֜ד adv that the waters which came down from above stood, and rose up in one heap, a great way off, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those that went down toward the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, were wholly cut off: and the people passed over right against Jericho.
- Joshua 8:4 מְאֹ֑ד adv He commanded them, saying, Behold, you shall lie in ambush against the city, behind the city; don't go very far from the city, but be all ready:
- Joshua 9:9 מְאֹד֙ adv They said to him, From a very far country your servants are come because of the name of Yahweh your God: for we have heard the fame of him, and all that he did in Egypt,
- Joshua 9:13 מְאֹֽד adv and these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are torn: and these our garments and our shoes are become old by reason of the very long journey.
- Joshua 9:22 מְאֹ֔ד adv Joshua called for them, and he spoke to them, saying, Why have you deceived us, saying, We are very far from you; when you dwell among us?
- Joshua 9:24 מְאֹ֤ד adv They answered Joshua, and said, Because it was certainly told your servants, how that Yahweh your God commanded his servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing.
- Joshua 10:2 מְאֹ֔ד adv that they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men of it were mighty.
- Joshua 10:20 מְאֹ֖ד adv It happened, when Joshua and the children of Israel had made an end of killing them with a very great slaughter, until they were consumed, and the remnant which remained of them had entered into the fortified cities,
- Joshua 11:4 מְאֹֽד adv They went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people, even as the sand that is on the sea-shore in multitude, with horses and chariots very many.
- Joshua 13:1 מְאֹ֖ד adv Now Joshua was old and well stricken in years; and Yahweh said to him, You are old and well stricken in years, and there remains yet very much land to be possessed.
- Joshua 22:5 מְאֹ֗ד adv Only take diligent heed to do the commandment and the law which Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded you, to love Yahweh your God, and to walk in all his ways, and to keep his commandments, and to cleave to him, and to serve him with all your heart and with all your soul.
- Joshua 22:8 מְאֹ֔ד מְאֹ֑ד adv adv and spoke to them, saying, Return with much wealth to your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much clothing: divide the spoil of your enemies with your brothers.
- Joshua 23:6 מְאֹ֔ד adv Therefore be you very courageous to keep and to do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, that you not turn aside from it to the right hand or to the left;
- Joshua 23:11 מְאֹ֖ד adv Take good heed therefore to yourselves, that you love Yahweh your God.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
The Hebrew word מאד centers on the idea of “exceedingly.” First canonically at Genesis 1:31, it enters the text early. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 278 verses — common. Its meaning spans more than one sense — see its full sense range. Related forms include אוד, אד and אודות. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3966 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 278
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 278 distinct verses.
- 28 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 28 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #164
- by frequency
- Top 250 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 164 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 278 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 278 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 134 verses · 48%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 76 verses · 27%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 68 verses · 24%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Very 55×, Greatly 29×, Was very 21×
- American Standard Version†: Very 47×, Greatly 26×, Was very 22×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Very 27×, Greatly 21×, Was very 8×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Very 135×, Greatly 61×, Exceedingly 23×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 286† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 76 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 13 further occurrences.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 283† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 80 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3966 across 195† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 76 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 104 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3966 across 296† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus other, less common renderings. Plus 28 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
7 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 7 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
מאד I (√ of following Assyrian ma’âdu, be many, increase
מאד II muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly (cf. Assyrian mu’du, abundance, HomZMG 1878, 711 (‘treasures ana mu’di, in abundance’) DlHWB 399)
- 1. force, might, †Dt 6:5 וּבְכָל־מְאֹדֶ֑ךָ and with all thy might; hence 2 K 23:25. e.g. Deuteronomy 6:5
- 2. in diff. idioms (298 times) to express the idea of exceedingly, greatly, very (whether of magnitude or degree):
- a. (so mostly) as adv. acc., qualifying both adj. and obs., Gn 1:31 טוֹב מְאֹד good exceedingly, 4:5 וַיִּחַר לְקַיִן מְאֹד and Cain was wroth exceedingly, 7:18 וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם וַיִּרְבּוּ מְאֹד, 12:14; 13:2 וְאַבְרָם כָּבֵד מְאֹד בַּמִּקְנֶה, v 13 חַטָּאִים לי׳ מאד, 18:20; 19:3, 9; 21:11; 24:16, 35, + often, ψ 46:2 עֶזְרָה בְצָרוֹת נִמְצָא מְאֹד as a help in troubles, to be found (= present) exceedingly; with an inf. Is 47:9 בְּעָצְמַת חֲבָרַיִךְ מְאֹד despite of thy spells being very numerous, Jos 9:13 מֵרֹב הַדֶּרֶךְ מְאֹד, 1 K 7:47; הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד Gn 15:1; 41:49; Dt 3:5 +, for which in the later language is found לָרֹב מְאֹד †Zc 14:14; 2 Ch 4:18; 9:9 (in 1 K 10:10 הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד), 24:24; 30:13, and even לְהַרְבֵּה מְאֹד †2 Ch 11:12; 16:8. מְאֹד is not usually separated from the word it qualifies by more than one or two words (as Gn 20:8 וייראו האנשׁים מאד, Nu 11:10 ויחר אף י׳ מאד); see, however, Dt 30:14; Ju 12:2; 2 S 12:5; 1 K 11:19 ψ 31:12. It precedes its verb, †ψ 47:10 מְאֹד נַעֲלָה (hence 97:9), 92:6. e.g. Genesis 1:31
- b. עַד־מְאֹד up to abundance, to a great degree, exceedingly, †Gn 27:33 חֲרָדָה גְּדֹלָה עַד־מ׳, v 34 1 S 11:15 וישׂמח … עד מ׳, 25:36 וְהוּא שִׁכֹּר עַד־מ׳, 2 S 2:17; 1 K 1:4; Is 64:8 (cf. La 5:22), v 11 ψ 38:7, 9; 119:8, 43, 51, 107; Dn 8:8; 11:25. e.g. Genesis 27:33
- c. עַד־לִמְאֹד (v. עַד לְ)† 2 Ch 16:14. e.g. 2 Chronicles 16:14
- d. duplicated (Ges§ 133 k), †Gn 7:19 וְהַמַּיִם גָּֽבְרוּ מ׳ מ׳, 30:43; Nu 14:7; 1 K 7:47; 2 K 10:4; Ez 37:10. e.g. Genesis 7:19
- e. בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד lit. with muchness, muchness, †Gn 17:2, 6, 20; Ex 1:7 (all P), Ez 9:9; 16:13. e.g. Genesis 17:2
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. (√ of following Assyrian ma’âdu, be many, increase; maʾadu, many; ma’adiš, in abundance, DlHWB, 388 f.; cf. Sab. מאד to add, DHMZMG 1883, 342 f. HomSüd-Ar. Chr. 127; Arabic مَأَدَ begin to grow, of plant).
I. n.m. muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly (cf. Assyrian mu’du, abundance, HomZMG 1878, 711 (‘treasures ana mu’di, in abundance’) DlHWB 399):—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from אוד (ʼûwd) (H181) — firebrand.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
מְאֹד
- v. Schr. KAT2, p. 564) much; (adv.) very. Ber. IX, 5 (ref. to מאדך Deut. VI, 5) בכל מדה ומדה … הוי מודה לו במ׳ מ׳ (Ms. M. a. Y. ed. מ׳ מ׳; Bab. ed. 54ᵃ במ׳ מ׳ omitted) whatever measure he may measure out to thee, give thanks to him very, very much. Ab. IV, 4 מ׳ מ׳ הוי וכ׳ be exceedingly lowly in mind (humble). e.g. Deuteronomy 6:5
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 23 distinct written forms H3966 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| מְאֹֽד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 2:4 | 89 |
| מְאֹ֑ד | Adverb | Daniel 8:8 | 82 |
| מְאֹ֔ד | Adverb | Esther 1:12 | 47 |
| מְאֹ֖ד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 4:15 | 27 |
| מְאֹד֙ | Adverb | Exodus 11:3 | 11 |
| מְאֹ֗ד | Adverb | Deuteronomy 4:9 | 8 |
| בִּ/מְאֹ֣ד | Adverb | Exodus 1:7 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֜ד | Adverb | 1 Samuel 28:15 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֣ד | Adverb | Genesis 30:43 | 5 |
| מְאֹ֥ד | Adverb | Genesis 7:19 | 4 |
| מְאֹד֒ | Adverb | Genesis 27:33 | 3 |
| מְ֝אֹ֗ד | Adverb | Psalms 78:59 | 2 |
| מְאֹ֛ד | Adverb | 1 Samuel 5:11 | 2 |
| בִּ/מְאֹ֥ד | Adverb | Genesis 17:2 | 1 |
| לִ/מְאֹֽד | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 16:14 | 1 |
| מְ֭אֹד | Adverb | Psalms 6:10 | 1 |
| מְאֹ֡ד | Adverb | 2 Chronicles 9:1 | 1 |
| מְאֹ֤ד | Adverb | Joshua 9:24 | 1 |
| מְאֹד | Adverb | Ezekiel 37:10 | 1 |
| מְאֹד֔/וֹ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | 2 Kings 23:25 | 1 |
| מְאֹד֮ | Adverb | Psalms 31:11 | 1 |
| מְאֹדֶֽ/ךָ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Deuteronomy 6:5 | 1 |
| מְּאֹ֑ד | Adverb | Psalms 104:1 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3966, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 252 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 278 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 1:31
- Exodus 1:7
- Numbers 11:10
- Deuteronomy 2:4
- Joshua 1:7
- Judges 2:15
- Ruth 1:13
- 1 Samuel 2:17
- 2 Samuel 1:26
- 1 Kings 1:4
- 2 Kings 10:4
- 1 Chronicles 10:4
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
