יְהוּדִי
Jew
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Gentilic
- A noun naming a member of a people, tribe, or region of origin (e.g. an Israelite, a Moabite).
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
- Proper
- A name of a specific person, place, or people (e.g. Abraham, Zion, Israel).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H3064 appears in the Book of Nehemiah — 10 distinct verses. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Nehemiah
- Nehemiah 1:2 הַ/יְּהוּדִ֧ים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp that Hanani, one of my brothers, came, he and certain men out of Judah; and I asked them concerning the Jews who had escaped, who were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem.
- Nehemiah 2:16 וְ/לַ/יְּהוּדִ֨ים conj + prep det + n Gentilic mp The rulers didn't know where I went, or what I did; neither had I as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest who did the work.
- Nehemiah 4:1 הַ/יְּהוּדִֽים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp But it happened that when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry, and took great indignation, and mocked the Jews.
- Nehemiah 4:2 הַ/יְּהוּדִ֥ים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp He spoke before his brothers and the army of Samaria, and said, What are these feeble Jews doing? will they fortify themselves? will they sacrifice? will they make an end in a day? will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, seeing they are burned?
- Nehemiah 4:12 הַ/יְּהוּדִ֔ים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp It happened that when the Jews who lived by them came, they said to us ten times from all places, You must return to us.
- Nehemiah 5:1 הַ/יְּהוּדִֽים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp Then there arose a great cry of the people and of their wives against their brothers the Jews.
- Nehemiah 5:8 הַ/יְּהוּדִ֜ים ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp I said to them, We after our ability have redeemed our brothers the Jews, that were sold to the nations; and would you even sell your brothers, and should they be sold to us? Then held they their peace, and found never a word.
- Nehemiah 5:17 וְ/הַ/יְּהוּדִ֨ים conj + ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp Moreover there were at my table, of the Jews and the rulers, one hundred fifty men, besides those who came to us from among the nations that were round about us.
- Nehemiah 6:6 וְ/הַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ conj + ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp in which was written, It is reported among the nations, and Gashmu says it, that you and the Jews think to rebel; for which cause you are building the wall: and you would be their king, according to these words.
- Nehemiah 13:23 הַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ ptcl def.art + n Gentilic mp In those days also saw I the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, [and] of Moab:
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“Jew” is the headline sense of the Hebrew name יהודי (Yᵉhûwdîy). It clusters heavily in Esther, which alone accounts for 67% of its uses. It turns up in 69 verses across 5 books, a moderately common footprint. First canonically at 2 Kings 16:6, it enters the text early. See 69-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3064 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 69
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 69 distinct verses.
- 5 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 5 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #499
- by frequency
- Top 500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 499 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 69 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 69 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 56 verses · 81%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 13 verses · 19%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 2 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Jews 37×, All the jews 8×, Jew 7×
- American Standard Version†: Jews 37×, All the jews 8×, Jew 8×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Jews 56×, Jew 7×, Among the jews 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Jews 50×, Jew 7×, Against the jews 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3064 across 75† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 16 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3064 across 75† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 17 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3064 across 75† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 7 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3064 across 67† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 6 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 0 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
יהודי I Jewish, as subst. a Jew
יהודי II m. officer of Jehoiakim Je 36
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
I. adj.gent. Jewish, as subst. a Jew;—adj.m. אִישׁ יְהוּדִי Zc 8:23; pl. אֲנָשִׁים יְהוּדִים Jewish men Je 43:9 Est 2:5; as subst. Je 34:9 Est 3:4; הַיְהוּדִי the Jew Est 5:13; 6:10; 8:7; 9:29, 31; 10:3; f. הַיְּהֻדִיָּה the Jewess 1 Ch 4:18; pl. Jews יְהוּדִים Je 52:28, 30; הַיְּהוּדִים the Jews 2 K 16:6; 25:25 Je 32:12; 38:19; 40:11, 12; 41:3; 44:1 Ne 1:2; 2:16; 3:33, 34; 4:6; 5:1, 8, 17; 6:6; 13:23 Est 3:6, 10, 13; 4:3, 13, 14, 16; 6:13; 8:3, 5, 8, 9(×2), 11, 16, 17(×2); 9:1(×2), 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24(×2), 25, 27, 28, 30; 10:3; הַיְּהוּדִיי֯ם Est 4:7; 8:1, 7, 13; 9:15, 18.
II. n.pr.m. officer of Jehoiakim Je 36:14, 21(×2), 23, 𝔊 Ιουδιν (perhaps orig. appell. Jewish, of one not so by ancestry, v. Gf Gie).
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from יהודה (Yᵉhûwdâh) (H3063) — Judah.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
יְהוּדִי
- (b. h.) Judaean, Jew (mostly in a religious sense), worshipper of one God. Meg. 12ᵇ קרי ליה י׳ אלמא מיהודה וכ׳ he is called Y’hudi (Esth. II, 5), which would indicate that he belongs to the tribe of Judah, and yet he is called ish y’mini &c.?, v. נִימוֹס. Ib. 13ᵃ … ואמאי י׳ … שכל הכופר בע"ז נקרא י׳ but why is he designated as Y’hudi? Because he disowned idolatry; for whosoever disowns idolatry, is called a Jew (ref. to Dan. III, 12); Esth. R. to II, 5 לפי שייחד … נקרא י׳ לומר י׳ יחירי because he professed the unity of God, he was called Y’hudi, meaning to say, a Y’hudi, a believer in One God. Ex. R. s. 42 אתה סבור … או י׳ או צלוב thou thinkest that calling Israel ‘persistent’ is meant for blame; it is meant for their praise, either a Jew or hanged. Meg. l. c. מאכל י׳ Jewish food (in accordance with the Jewish dietary laws); a. e.—[Pes. 113ᵇ י׳, read with Mss. a. early ed. מי; Yeb. 63ᵃ כל י׳, read אדם.]—Pl. יְהוּדִים. Esth. R. to III, 9. Ib. to VIII, 8 שונאי הי׳ the enemies of the Jews. Ib. 15 מלך … על הי׳ Mardecai was made king of the Jews; a. fr.—Fem. יְהוּדִיָּה, יְהוּדִית. Meg. l. c. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7); Yalk. Esth. 1052 (ref. to I Chr. IV, 18) אמאי קרי לה י׳ why is she (Bithya, the daughter of Pharaoh) called Y’hudiyah (a Jewess)?—Esth. R. to III, I אם אסתר י׳ היא וכ׳ if Esther is a Jewess &c., opp. גויה.—Keth. VII, 6 (72ᵃ, sq.) דת י׳, v. דַּת. e.g. Esther 2:5
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 41 distinct written forms H3064 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֔ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:5 | 8 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:1 | 6 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֗ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:20 | 5 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִֽים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 3:10 | 5 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֖ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:17 | 4 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֜ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 4:16 | 4 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֡ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 6:13 | 4 |
| ה/יהודיים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:1 | 3 |
| לַ/יְּהוּדִ֔ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 4:3 | 3 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֔י | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 5:13 | 2 |
| לַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:13 | 2 |
| ב/יהודיים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 4:7 | 2 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֑ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:1 | 2 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֛ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 3:6 | 2 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֣ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:15 | 2 |
| יְהוּדִ֕ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Jeremiah 52:28 | 2 |
| בִּ/יהוּדִ֥י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 34:9 | 1 |
| בַּ/יְּהוּדִ֖ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 4:7 | 1 |
| בַּ/יְּהוּדִֽים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:7 | 1 |
| הַ/יְהוּדִ֖ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | 2 Kings 16:6 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֑י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 8:7 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֖י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 9:29 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֗י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 10:3 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֤ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:13 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֥ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 4:2 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֧ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 1:2 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִ֨ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:12 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִי֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 9:31 | 1 |
| הַ/יְּהוּדִים֩ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:27 | 1 |
| הַ֠/יְּהוּדִים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 3:13 | 1 |
| ו/ה/יהודיים | Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:18 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/יְּהוּדִ֣ים | Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 9:18 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/יְּהוּדִ֨ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 5:17 | 1 |
| וְ/הַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 6:6 | 1 |
| וְ/לַ/יְּהוּדִ֨ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Nehemiah 2:16 | 1 |
| יְהוּדִ֔י | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 2:5 | 1 |
| יְהוּדִ֜י | Noun, Proper | Zechariah 8:23 | 1 |
| יְהוּדִֽי | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Esther 3:4 | 1 |
| יְהוּדִֽים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Jeremiah 43:9 | 1 |
| לַ/יְּהוּדִ֕ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:16 | 1 |
| לַ/יְּהוּדִ֣ים | Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Esther 8:11 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3064, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
- Ιουδα Ioudá G2448 Judah
- Ιουδας Ioúdas G2455 Judas
- יהוד Yᵉhûwd H3061 Judah
- הודיה Hôwdîyâh H1940 Hodiah
- יהדיה Yᵉhudîyâh H3057 Jehudijah
- יהודי Yᵉhûwdîy H3065 Jew
- יהודית Yᵉhûwdîyth H3066 Hebrew
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 9 — not the complete family. 8 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Bible dictionary
Public-domain dictionary articles matched to this entry by name (Jew). A biblical name can be shared by more than one person or place, so an article may treat several.
Easton's Bible Dictionary · M. G. Easton, 1897
The name derived from the patriarch Judah, at first given to one belonging to the tribe of Judah or to the separate kingdom of Judah (2 Kings 16:6; 25:25; Jer. 32:12; 38:19; 40:11; 41:3), in contradistinction from those belonging to the kingdom of the ten tribes, who were called Israelites.
During the Captivity, and after the Restoration, the name, however, was extended to all the Hebrew nation without distinction (Esther 3:6, 10; Dan. 3:8, 12; Ezra 4:12; 5:1, 5).
Originally this people were called Hebrews (Gen. 39:14; 40:15; Ex. 2:7; 3:18; 5:3; 1 Sam. 4:6, 9, etc.), but after the Exile this name fell into disuse. But Paul was styled a Hebrew (2 Cor. 11:22; Phil. 3:5).
The history of the Jewish nation is interwoven with the history of Palestine and with the narratives of the lives of their rulers and chief men. They are now dispersed over all lands, and to this day remain a separate people, "without a king, and without a prince, and without a sacrifice, and without an image [R.V. pillar,' marg. obelisk'], and without an ephod, and without teraphim" (Hos. 3:4). Till about the beginning of the present century they were everywhere greatly oppressed, and often cruelly persecuted; but now their condition is greatly improved, and they are admitted in most European countries to all the rights of free citizens. In 1860 the "Jewish disabilities" were removed, and they were admitted to a seat in the British Parliament. Their number in all is estimated at about six millions, about four millions being in Europe.
There are three names used in the New Testament to designate this people, (1.) Jews, as regards their nationality, to distinguish them from Gentiles. (2.) Hebrews, with regard to their language and education, to distinguish them from Hellenists, i.e., Jews who spoke the Greek language. (3.) Israelites, as respects their sacred privileges as the chosen people of God. "To other races we owe the splendid inheritance of modern civilization and secular culture; but the religious education of mankind has been the gift of the Jew alone."
Smith's Bible Dictionary · William Smith, 1863
(a man of Judea). This name was properly applied to a member of the kingdom of Judah after the separation of the ten tribes. The term first makes its appearance just before the captivity of the ten tribes. The term first makes it appearance just before the captivity of the ten tribes. (2 Kings 16:6) After the return the word received a larger application. Partly from the predominance of the members of the old kingdom of Judah among those who returned to Palestine, partly from the identification of Judah with the religious ideas and hopes of the people, all the members of the new state were called Jews (Judeans) and the name was extended to the remnants of the race scattered throughout the nations. Under the name of "Judeans" the people of Israel were known to classical writers. (Tac. H. v.2, etc.) The force of the title "Jew" is seen particularly in the Gospel of St. John, who very rarely uses any other term to describe the opponents of our Lord. At an earlier stage of the progress of the faith it was contrasted with Greek as implying an outward covenant with God, (Romans 1:16; 2:9,10; Colossians 3:11) etc., which was the correlative of Hellenist [Hellenist], and marked a division of language subsisting within the entire body, and at the same time less expressive than Israelite, which brought out with especial clearness the privileges and hopes of the children of Jacob. (2 Corinthians 11:22; John 1:47)
Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary · Roswell D. Hitchcock, 1869
same as Judah
Classic public-domain reference works; full attribution on Sources.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 54 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 69 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
