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גָּבַהּ

to be high

‘to be high’ is one of 2 main senses fuller range ↓

H1361 Strong's Hebrew
gâbahh Transliteration
/gaw-bah'/ Pronunciation
Usage in the Hebrew Bible 34 appearances

Compare with another word →

About this entry

At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.

“to be high” is the headline sense of the Hebrew verb גבה (gâbahh). Its earliest occurrence is 1 Samuel 10:23. It turns up in 33 verses across 10 books, a moderately common footprint. It concentrates in Ezekiel, which alone accounts for 30% of its uses. As a verb its force shifts by stem, across 2 stems (Qal, Hiphil, and more). See the sense tree, 33-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.

Gloss history

Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship

Strong's · 1890
exalt
Modern gloss
to be high
Strong's 1890 sometimes compressed multiple senses — or homonymous roots — under one number, and used 19th-century English phrasing that no longer carries the same connotation. The modern gloss reflects current BDB scholarship; open the Lexicon Entry tab for the full sense breakdown. Download share card

About this word

Strong's H1361 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.

These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →

33
distinct verses
The word appears in 33 distinct verses.
10 / 39
OT books
The word appears in 10 of 39 Old Testament books.
1 Samuel 10:23
first appearance
The earliest occurrence is in 1 Samuel 10:23.
Zephaniah 3:11
last appearance
The latest occurrence is in Zephaniah 3:11.
#1,041
by frequency
Top 2500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 1,041 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).

View all 33 occurrences in the concordance →


Most concentrated in

By section of the Old Testament

  • Pentateuch 0 · 0%
  • Historical 5 · 15%
  • Wisdom 9 · 27%
  • Prophets 19 · 58%

By traditional corpus

Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 33 distinct verses.

  • Prophets (Nevi'im) 20 verses · 61%
  • Writings (Ketuvim) 13 verses · 39%

How translations render this word

Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).

  • King James Version: Was lifted up 4×, High 3×, Are higher 2×
  • American Standard Version: Was lifted up 3×, Exalt 2×, High 2×
  • Berean Standard Bible: High 4×, Are higher 2×, Is proud 2×
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text: High 4×, Was high 3×, Are higher 2×

King James Version Public Domain

Renders H1361 across 34 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Was lifted up” 4×
  • “High” 3×
  • “Are higher” 2×
  • “Exalt” 2×
  • “Is lifted up” 2×
  • “Was exalted” 2×

Plus 19 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

American Standard Version Public Domain

Renders H1361 across 34 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “Was lifted up” 3×
  • “Exalt” 2×
  • “High” 2×
  • “Is lifted up” 2×
  • “Was exalted” 2×

Plus 23 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

Berean Standard Bible Public Domain

Renders H1361 across 34 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “High” 4×
  • “Are higher” 2×
  • “Is proud” 2×
  • “Towered” 2×

Plus 24 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.

unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0

Renders H1361 across 41 tagged occurrences — most commonly:

  • “High” 4×
  • “Was high” 3×
  • “Are higher” 2×
  • “Is arrogant” 2×
  • “Soar” 2×

Plus 28 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.


7 senses and sub-senses in the full BDB

Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.

What do BDB’s symbols mean?

BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:

Symbol Meaning
𝔊 the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX)
𝔙 the Vulgate (the Latin translation)
𝔖 the Syriac version (the Peshitta)
𝔗 the Targum (the Aramaic translation)
ψ the Psalms
√ root (the underlying root or stem)
‖ parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel)
† the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited

The 7 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.

Qal

  • Pf. ג׳ 2 Ch 26:16 + 5 times; גָּֽבְהָא֯ Ez 31:5 (א = ה); גָּבַהְתָּ Ez 31:10, גָּֽבְהוּ Jb 35:5 + 3 times; Impf. יִגְבַּהּ Pr 18:12 + 5 times; sf. יִגְבְּהוּ Ez 31:14, יִגְבָּ֑הוּ Jb 36:7, תִּגְבָּ֑הוּ Je 13:15, תִּגְבְּהֶינָה Ez 16:50; Inf. כִּגְבֹהַּ ψ 103:11, לְגָבְהָה Zp 3:11;— e.g. 2 Chronicles 26:16
  • 1. be high, lofty, tall, e.g. tree Ez 19:11; 31:5, 10, 14, heavens Jb 35:5 Is 55:9 ψ 103:11, man 1 S 10:23. e.g. Ezekiel 19:11
  • 2. be exalted, of man in dignity and honour Jb 36:7, of servant of Yahweh Is 52:13, God Is 5:16, God’s ways Is 55:9. e.g. Job 36:7
  • 3. lofty גָּבַהּ לִבּוֹ:—
    • a. in a good sense, encouraged in the ways of Yahweh 2 Ch 17:6; e.g. 2 Chronicles 17:6
    • b. elsewhere in a bad sense, be haughty ψ 131:1 Pr 18:12 2 Ch 26:16; 32:25 Ez 28:2, 5, 17, and so without לב Is 3:16 Je 13:15 Ez 16:50 Zp 3:11. e.g. Psalms 131:1

Hiphil

  • Pf. הִגְבַּהְתִּי Ez 17:24; Impf. יַגְבִּיהַּ Jb 39:27 Je 49:16 Ob 4; וַיַּגְבִּיהֶהָ 2 Ch 33:14; יַגְבִּיהוּ Jb 5:7; Inf. הַגְבֵּהַּ Is 7:11 Ez 21:31; Pt. מַגְבִּיהַּ Pr 17:19 ψ 113:5;—make high, exalt, e.g. trees Ez 17:24, wall 2 Ch 33:14, gate Pr 17:19, nest Je 49:16 Ob 4, dwelling ψ 113:5 a request Is 7:11, the lowly Ez 21:31; יַגְבִּיהוּ עוּף make their flight high, soar aloft Jb 5:7, without עוף Jb 39:27. e.g. Ezekiel 17:24

Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.


Word origin

vb. be high, exalted (NH id. (Hiph.), Aramaic גְּבַהּ, cf. Arabic جَبْهَةٌ forehead, جَبَةٌ prominence of forehead; compare perhaps also Assyrian gabâni, heights (?) LotzTP 133)—

— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.

Origin: a primitive root

Part of speech: Verb TWOT: 305


Jastrow Dictionary

A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.

גַּבָּה

  • f., v. גַּב

גָּבָה

  • , v. גבי

גֹּבַהּ

  • , v. גּוֹבַהּ, גָּבוֹהַּ.

גָּבַהּ

  • v. גבב; cmp. גאה) to be high; to be elated. Meg. 15ᵃ ג׳ המן וכ׳ (Var. ג׳ לבו של המן) Haman is haughtier than Ahasver (he dared what Ah. did not venture); Yalk. Esth. 1056.—Sot. 5ᵃ ולא ג׳ הר סיני למעלה and Mount Sinai did not rise higher (grow proud).
    • 1. to raise, elevate; to make elated. Taan. 23ᵃ a generation which was to be humbled הִגְבַּהְּתּוֹ בתפלתן hast thou lifted up through thy prayer, v. גָּאָה.—Erub. 55ᵃ מי שמַגְבִּיהַּ דעתו עליו כשמים Ms. M. (ed. עליה, ed. Sonc. מגב׳ עצמו כשמ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.; Yalk. Deut. 940 שמגיס דעתו) who exalts his mind in himself as high as the heavens (who considers himself very wise, ed. who considers himself on account of his knowledge of it as high &c.). Ib. 13ᵇ him who lowers himself הק"בה מַגְבִּיהוֹ the Lord will raise, וכל המגביה עצמו וכ׳ and whomsoever exalts himself, the Lord will lower; ib. 54ᵃ; Ned. 55ᵃ. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 14 מַגְבִּיהִים פניהם lifted their faces up; a. fr.—Ḥall. III, 1 מַגְבַּהַת חלתה she lifts up (dedicates) the priest’s share; v., however, גָּבָה.
    • 2. to take up a lost object in order to take possession of it. B. Mets. 8ᵃ המגביה מציאה לחבירו וכ׳ if one takes up an object in behalf of his neighbor; ib. 10ᵃ; Bets. 39ᵇ; a. fr.
    • to be raised. Sot. 47ᵇ שפלים הוּגְבָּהוּ the low have been raised. Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 5; Lev. R. s. 8 בלשון זה ה׳ with the word zeh (Lev. VI, 13) has he (Aaron) been raised.—Part. מוּגְבַּהּ, f. מוּגְבַּהַת. Y. Shebu. I, 32ᵈ bot. what means שְׂאֵת (Lev. XIII, 2) מוגבהת a raised spot (Sifra Thazr., Neg. ch. I מובהקת, corr. acc.). e.g. Leviticus 6:13
    • , Nithpa. נִתְגַּבֵּהַּ to be elated, boastful. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 1 התחיל מִתְגַּבֵּהַּ והולך he beame more and more overbearing (Tanḥ. ed. Bub. ib.; Num. R. s. 18 מתגבר). Num. R. s. 6, beg. נִתְגַּבְּהוּ בעצמם they were proud of their own selves.

גְּבַהּ

  • , to be high, elated. Targ. Ps. CXXXI, 1.—Sabb. 67ᵃ גְּבִיהַת מכל וכ׳ thou art higher than all other trees. Meg. 15ᵃ ג׳ מלכא וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. גבר) the King on high is higher than the king below. Ḥull. 7ᵇ ג׳ טורא וכ׳ a mountain rose between them (separating them). [Y. Ter. X, 47ᵇ bot. גביה מן דאבהתיה, Tosaf. to Ḥull. 64ᵇ גמיר.]
    • 1. to raise. Targ. II Chr. XXXIII, 14.
    • 2. to take up. Succ. 44ᵇ אַגְבְּהֵיה וכ׳ he took it (the festive wreath) up once as such and a second time for the willow branches thereon. B. Mets. 2ᵇ בהדי הדדי אַגְבְּהוּהָ they took the lost object up at the same time. Ib. 8ᵃ; a. fr.
    • 1. to be high; to grow proud. Targ. Job XXXV, 5. Targ. Koh. I, 12.
    • 2. to rise. Targ. Job XXXIX, 27; a. e.—Ḥull. 141ᵇ sq. דלִיתְגַּבְּהוּ that the young birds may rise (when frightened).

גבי

  • (√גב, v. גבב) to collect a bill, taxes &c.; to make one’s self paid, to seize. Keth. 90ᵃ, a. fr. if a later creditor (second mortgagee) שקדם וג׳ מה שג׳ ג׳ collected first, what he has collected is his own. B. Mets. 13ᵇ גּוֹבֶה מנכסים ב"ח he may make himself paid of unmortgaged property. Keth. V, 1 גּוֹבָה את הכל she is entitled to the whole amount; a. v. fr.—Lev. R. s. 11 the king sent a treasury officer לִגְבוֹת to collect (the delinquent taxes); Gen. R. s. 42 לִגְבוֹתָהּ; Tanḥ. Sh’mini 9. [Lev. R. l. c. וגבו אותו, read והכו, cmp. Gen. R. l. c.] Ex. R. s. 30 מי ג׳ הימנו הדם וכ׳ who collected from him (punished him for) the blood on his hand? לא ישראל גָּבוּ אותו וכ׳ not the Israelites collected it, but the Gibeonites did.—Gen. R. s. 85; s. 92 end מצא ב"ח מקום לגבות וכ׳ the creditor met with a chance to collect his bill, i.e. the Lord takes this occasion to visit our sins; a. fr.—Part. pass. גָּבוּי collected, seized. B. Mets. 58ᵃ על הַגָּ׳ counting on the Shekel contributions collected (though not yet delivered in the Temple treasury); Keth. 108ᵃ; Y. Shek. II, beg. 46ᶜ. Shebu. 48ᵇ, a. fr. כג׳ דמי is considered as if collected (in the possession of the creditor); a. fr.
    • 1. to be collected, to be collectible. B. Mets. l. c. על העתיד לִגָּבוֹת; Y. Shek. l. c. להִיגָּבוֹת on what is yet to be collected. Peah VIII, 7 הקופה נִגְבֵּית בשנים the charity fund must be collected by two persons; B. Bath. 8ᵇ; Snh. 17ᵇ; a. fr.
    • 2. to be collected from, be taxed. Pesik. R. s. 10 לא היו נִיגְּבִים וכ׳ they were not highly taxed; a. fr.
    • to cause to be collected. Ḥall. III, 1 מַגְבַּהַת חלתה she orders the priest’s gift to be collected; v., however, גָּבַהּ. Gitt. 35ᵇ הַגְבּוּהָ את השאר help her to collect the balance. [Tosef. Sabb. VI (VII), 1 מגבה, v. גָּבַח.]—Part. pass. fem. מוּגְבָּה collected fund. Tanḥ. Emor 18.

A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.


Forms in the corpus

The 31 distinct written forms H1361 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.

Form Parsing Example Uses
גָּבַ֤הּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 28:2 3
וַ/יִּגְבַּ֥הּ Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 28:5 2
גָֽבְהוּ֙ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Isaiah 3:16 1
גָבְה֥וּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Isaiah 55:9 1
גָבַ֖הּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 2 Chronicles 32:25 1
גָבַ֣הּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Psalms 131:1 1
גָּבְה֤וּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Isaiah 55:9 1
גָּבְה֥וּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural Job 35:5 1
גָּבְהָ֣א Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular Ezekiel 31:5 1
גָּבַ֖הְתָּ Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Ezekiel 31:10 1
הִגְבַּ֨הְתִּי֙ Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular Ezekiel 17:24 1
הַֽ/מַּגְבִּיהִ֥י Verb, Hiphil, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Construct Psalms 113:5 1
הַגְבֵּ֔הַ Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Absolute Ezekiel 21:26 1
הַגְבֵּ֥הַּ Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Absolute Isaiah 7:11 1
וְ/גָבַ֖הּ Verb, Qal, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Isaiah 52:13 1
וַ/יִּגְבַּ֛ה Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Isaiah 5:16 1
וַ/יִּגְבַּהּ֙ Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 Samuel 10:23 1
וַ/יִּגְבָּֽהוּ Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Job 36:7 1
וַ/יַּגְבִּיהֶ֖/הָ Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 2 Chronicles 33:14 1
וַ/תִּגְבַּ֥הּ Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular Ezekiel 19:11 1
וַֽ/תִּגְבְּהֶ֔ינָה Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Plural Ezekiel 16:50 1
יִגְבְּה֨וּ Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Ezekiel 31:14 1
יִגְבַּ֣הּ Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Proverbs 18:12 1
יַגְבִּ֣יהַּ Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular Job 39:27 1
יַגְבִּ֥יהוּ Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural Job 5:7 1
כִ/גְבֹ֣הַּ Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct Psalms 103:11 1
לְ/גָבְהָ֛ה Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct Zephaniah 3:11 1
מַגְבִּ֥יהַּ Verb, Hiphil, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute Proverbs 17:19 1
תַגְבִּ֤יהַ Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Jeremiah 49:16 1
תִּגְבָּ֑הוּ Verb, Qal, Jussive, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural Jeremiah 13:15 1
תַּגְבִּ֣יהַּ Verb, Hiphil, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular Obadiah 1:4 1

Same root — word family

Other BDB entries built from the same root as H1361, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.

Derived from this word

Proper names from this root

People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.

Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 6 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.


Septuagint verse parallels

This word appears in 33 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 33 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.

Read these verses in the Septuagint

This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.

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