חָדָשׁ
new
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H2319 appears in the Book of Exodus — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
חדש — transliterated châdâsh — is a Hebrew adjective carrying the sense “new.” It first appears in Exodus 1:8. The Hebrew Bible uses it across 48 verses — moderately common. Related forms include חדש, חדש and חדת. See the sense tree, 48-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H2319 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 48
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 48 distinct verses.
- 20 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 20 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #709
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 709 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 48 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Isaiah 8 verses 17%
- Psalms 6 verses 13%
- Deuteronomy 4 verses 8%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 48 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 26 verses · 54%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 14 verses · 29%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 8 verses · 17%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: New 38×, New thing 2×
- American Standard Version: New 36×
- Berean Standard Bible: New 40×, Is new 2×, New things 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: New 44×, New ones 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H2319 across 53 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H2319 across 53 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 17 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H2319 across 53 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 7 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H2319 across 51 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- a. attrib. Ex 1:8 (E) a new king; so of house Dt 20:5, 22, wife 24:5, cords Ju 15:13; 16:11, 12, cart 1 S 6:7 2 S 6:3(×2) (but del. in v b, cf. We Dr)=1 Ch; 13:7; garment 1 K 11:29, 30, vessel 2 K 2:20, wine-skins Jos 9:13 (JE) Jb 32:19, threshing instr. Is 41:15; meal-offering Lv 23:16 (H) Nu 28:26 (P); especially (poet.) שִׁיר ח׳ a new song (of praise) ψ 33:3; 40:4; 96:1; 98:1; 144:9 149:1 Is 42:10; בְּרִית ח׳ Je 31:31; שָׁמַיִם חדשׁים וארץ חדשׁה Is 65:17 cf. 65:17 cf. 66:22; שֵׁם ח׳ Is 62:2; רוּחַ ח׳ a new spirit Ez 11:19; 18:31; 36:26, + לֵב ח׳ 18:31; 36:26; פֶּתַח שַׁעַר־י׳ הֶח׳ Je 26:10 new gate of (house of) י׳, cf. 36:10 (v. Gf Je 20:2); also הֶחָצֵר הַח׳ 2 Ch 20:5 the new court (v. Be Öt); אלהים חדשׁים Ju 5:8 new gods? judges? text prob. corrupt, cf. NöZMG 1888, 477, MüllKönigsb. Stud. i., GACookeDeb. 34 ff. and conj. by BuRS, 103, RS in BlaJudges; in gen. אֵין כָּל־ח׳ Ec 1:9 there is nothing new; with no subst. expr. חָגוּר חֲדָשָׁה 2 S 21:16 girt with a new (sword: but text perhaps corrupt, cf. We Klo Dr), of (food-)products of earth (opp. יָשָׁן) Lv 26:10 (H) Ct 7:14; חֲדָשִׁים Dt 32:17 new ones (i.e. gods; ‖ מִקָּרֹב בָּאוּ); in gen. f. חֲדָשָׁה a new thing Is 43:19 Je 31:22, fpl. Is 42:9 (opp. הָרִאשֹׁנוֹת), 48:6. e.g. Exodus 1:8
- b. very rarely predicate: of י׳’s compassions חדשׁים לַבְּקָרִם La 3:23 they are new every morning; כְּבוֹדִי ח׳ עִמָּדִי Jb 29:20 my glory shall be fresh with me; רְאֵה זֶה ח׳ הוּא Ec 1:10 see, this is new! e.g. Lamentations 3:23
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
adj. new(on format. v. LgBN 48)—ח׳ abs. Ex 1:8 + 19 times; f. חֲדָשָׁה Lv 23:16 + 19 times; pl. חֲדָשִׁים Dt 32:17 + 10 times; f. חֲדָשׁוֹת Is 42:9; 48:6;—new, usually
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from חדש (châdash) (H2318) — to renew.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
חָדַשׁ
- (b. h.) [to be bright,] to be new.
- 1. to renew, renovate, polish. Lev. R. s. 29 (ref. to בחדש, Ps. LXXXI, 4) תְּחַדְּשׁוּ מעשיכם ye shall polish (cleanse) your doings. Gen. R. s. 78, beg. (ref. to Lam. III, 23) אתה מְחַדְּשֵׁנוּ וכ׳ thou renewest our lives every morning; אתה מח׳ לבוקרן וכ׳ thou inspirest us with new life in the morning (rise to power) &c., v. בֹּקֶר; a. fr. e.g. Psalms 81:4
- 2. to commence anew, do again. R. Hash. 7ᵃ, a. e. (ref. to Num. XXVIII, 14) חַדֵּשׁ והבא וכ׳ commence a new account and offer T’rumah of the new produces. e.g. Numbers 28:14
- 3. to promulgate a new law, to establish a new interpretation of a Biblical law; to find a new point. Sabb. 104ᵃ, a. fr. (ref. to Lev. XXVI, 46) אין נביא רשאי לְחַדֵּשׁ וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.) since the promulgation of these laws no prophet has a right to issue a new law. Y. Erub. V, 22ᶜ bot. it is called the New Gate, because there חִידְּשׁוּ וכ׳ (not חו׳) the Sof’rim instituted the interpretation (Halakhah); a. fr. e.g. Leviticus 26:46
- 1. to be renewed, to be established as a new interpretation (cmp. Lat. novellae); to be offered as a new point (דבר חדש). Y. Yeb. VIII, 9ᶜ top (ref. to I Chr. VIII, 9) שעל ידיה נִתְחַדְּשָׁה הלכה וכ׳ at her instance the new interpretation (of the law Deut. XXIII, 4) was established; Midr. Sam. ch. XXII; Ruth R. to II, 5 כבר נ׳ הלכה the law has been interpreted long before. Sot. 3ᵇ, a. fr. לא נשנית אלא בשביל דבר שנ׳ בה the section is repeated for the sake of a new point added. e.g. 1 Chronicles 8:9
- 2. to change turns. Yoma 26ᵃ משמרות מִתְחַדְּשׁוֹת the Temple attendants are relieved.
חָדָשׁ
- preced.) new, fresh, additional. Ber. IX, 3. Sifra introd. לידון בדבר ח׳ in order to be defined by a new point (not included in the general law); a. fr.—Esp. הֶחָ׳ or חָ׳ the new produces of the field not permitted for use before the Omer day (Lev. XXIII, 10—14). Kidd. I, 9 (37ᵃ) אף (מןּ) הח׳ also with the exception of the new produces (the law concerning which applies even to foreign countries). Ib. 39ᵃ תני ח׳ read ‘the new fruit’ (leaving out ‘also’). Dem. IV, 7 שלי ח׳ הוא mine is new fruit (not yet permitted); a. fr.—Pl. חֲדָשִׁים. Yoma II, 4 ח׳ לקטורת בֹּאוּ new men for offering incense (such as never before have performed that function), come and &c. Ib. ח׳ גם ישנים new men and also old ones (who have officiated before this). Lev. R. s. 2, end (ref. to Cant. VII, 14) ח׳ the later leaders, opp. to ישנים the patriarchs; a. fr.—Fem. חֲדָשָׁה. Lev. R. s. 13 תורה ח׳ a new law, expl. חִדּוּשׁ תורה a novel interpretation of the law (concerning slaughtering). Pesik. Baḥod., p. 102ᵃ פרוזדוגמא ח׳ a recent decree; a. fr. e.g. Leviticus 23:10
חֹדֶשׁ
- preced.)
- 1. new moon, i.e. the first appearance of the crescent. R. Hash. I, 9, a. e. מי שראה את הח׳ he who sees the new moon (when it was his duty to travel to the place of the Supreme Court to testify). Ib. יוצאין לעדות הח׳ they travel for the purpose of testifying to the sight of the new moon; a. fr.
- 2. month. Snh. V, 1 באיזה ח׳ in what month?; בכמה בַּח׳ on what day of the month?; a. v. fr.—ראש ח׳ (abbr. ר"ח) the first day of the month, the festival of New Moon. Meg. 21ᵇ פרשת ר"ח the section of the Law read on the New Moon Day (Num. XXVIII, 1—15); a. fr.—Pl. חֳדָשִׁים. Ib. III, 4 בראשי ח׳ on New Moon Days. R. Hash. I, 3 על ששה ח׳ וכ׳ for the proclamation of six New Moon Days messengers are sent abroad. Keth. 60ᵃ שלשה ח׳ at an age of three months; a. fr. [Pesik. Baḥod., p. 154ᵇ ניטש מח׳ וכ׳, read חוֹרֶשׁ.—Y. Shebi. IV, 35ᵇ bot. בחדשי׳, read בחרשי׳, v. חוֹרֶשׁ.] e.g. Numbers 28:1
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 25 distinct written forms H2319 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| חֲדָשָׁ֔ה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 24:5 | 5 |
| חָדָ֔שׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 22:8 | 5 |
| חֲדָשִׁ֔ים | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Joshua 9:13 | 4 |
| חֲדָשָׁה֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | 1 Samuel 6:7 | 4 |
| חָדָ֖שׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Ecclesiastes 1:9 | 4 |
| חֲדָשָׁ֑ה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Ezekiel 18:31 | 3 |
| חֲדָשָׁ֖ה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Ezekiel 11:19 | 3 |
| חָדָ֑שׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 33:3 | 3 |
| חֲדָשִׁ֖ים | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Isaiah 65:17 | 2 |
| חֲדָשִׁים֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Deuteronomy 32:17 | 2 |
| חֲדָשָֽׁה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Samuel 6:3 | 2 |
| חָ֭דָשׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 98:1 | 2 |
| חָדָ֣שׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Ecclesiastes 1:10 | 2 |
| הֶ/חָדָֽשׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 26:10 | 1 |
| הֶֽ/חָדָ֔שׁ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 36:10 | 1 |
| הַ/חֲדָשָׁ֖ה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | 1 Kings 11:30 | 1 |
| הַ/חֲדָשָׁ֜ה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 66:22 | 1 |
| הַ/חֲדָשָֽׁה | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 20:5 | 1 |
| הַ֠/חֳדָשִׁים | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Isaiah 66:22 | 1 |
| וַֽ/חֲדָשׁוֹת֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Plural, Absolute | Isaiah 42:9 | 1 |
| חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Job 32:19 | 1 |
| חֲדָשִׁ֜ים | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Judges 16:12 | 1 |
| חֲדָשׁוֹת֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Plural, Absolute | Isaiah 48:6 | 1 |
| חָדָשׁ֙ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Deuteronomy 20:5 | 1 |
| חָדָשׁ֮ | Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 40:3 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H2319, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 47 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 48 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Exodus 1:8
- Leviticus 23:16
- Numbers 28:26
- Deuteronomy 20:5
- Joshua 9:13
- Judges 5:8
- 1 Samuel 6:7
- 2 Samuel 6:3
- 1 Kings 11:29
- 2 Kings 2:20
- 1 Chronicles 13:7
- 2 Chronicles 20:5
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
