προπορεύομαι
to precede
‘to precede’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Tense
- Future
- Action expected in future time.
Voice
- Middle deponent
- Middle in form but active in meaning.
Mood
- Indicative
- States a fact or asks a factual question (the mood of reality).
Person
- 2nd person
- The one addressed (“you”).
- 3rd person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one.
Every verse where G4313 appears in the Book of Acts — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
Acts
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, προπορευομαι (proporeúomai) means “to precede.” It is rare — just 2 verses in the entire Greek New Testament. The word gravitates to Luke (50%), then Acts. Scripture first uses it in Luke 1:76. Catalogued under 3 senses, its meaning is not single-sense. Dig into 2-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G4313 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 2
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 2 distinct verses.
- 2 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 2 of 27 New Testament books.
- #2,678
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Greek words (rank 2,678 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 2 occurrences in the concordance →
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 2 distinct verses.
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 2 verses · 100%
- Gospels 1 verse · 50%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Go before 1×, Thou shalt go 1×
- American Standard Version: Shall go before 1×, Thou shalt go 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Will go before 1×, You will go on 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Will go ahead 1×, You will go 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G4313 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G4313 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G4313 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G4313 across 2 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 3 senses Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- to send before, to make to precede
- of a leader
- of a messenger or a herald
Word origin
Derived from προ (pró) (G4253) — before.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms G4313 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that tense’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| προπορεύσονται proporeúsontai | Verb, Future, Middle deponent, Indicative, 3rd person, Plural | Acts 7:40 | 1 |
| προπορεύσῃ proporeúsē | Verb, Future, Middle deponent, Indicative, 2nd person, Singular | Luke 1:76 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G4313, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- πορρω pórrhō G4206 far
- πρηνης prēnḗs G4248 headlong
- πριν prín G4250 before
- προαγω proágō G4254 to lead forward
- προαιρεομαι proairéomai G4255 to choose before
- προαιτιαομαι proaitiáomai G4256 to charge previously
- προακουω proakoúō G4257 to hear before
- προαμαρτανω proamartánō G4258 to sin before
- προαυλιον proaúlion G4259 porch
- προβαινω probaínō G4260 to go forward
- προβαλλω probállō G4261 to throw forward
- προβιβαζω probibázō G4264 to drag forward
- προβλεπω problépō G4265 to foresee
- προγινομαι progínomai G4266 to come before
- προγινωσκω proginṓskō G4267 to foreknow
- προγραφω prográphō G4270 to write before
- προδηλος pródēlos G4271 manifest
- προδιδωμι prodídōmi G4272 to give before
- προειδω proeídō G4275 to foresee
- προελπιζω proelpízō G4276 to hope before
- προεπω proépō G4277 to say before
- προεναρχομαι proenárchomai G4278 to begin before
- προεπαγγελλομαι proepangéllomai G4279 to promise before
- προερεω proeréō G4280 to say before
+47 more words share this root (not shown).
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 74 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word προπορευομαι appears 31 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 30 verses in 9 books.
- 31
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 30
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 9 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 9 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 32:17 προπορεύομαι
- Exodus 14:19 προπορεύομαι
- Numbers 10:33 προπορεύομαι
- Deuteronomy 1:30 προπορεύομαι
- Joshua 3:6 προπορεύομαι
- 1 Samuel 17:7 προπορεύομαι
- Psalms 84:14 προπορεύομαι
- Proverbs 4:18 προπορεύομαι
- Isaiah 58:8 προπορεύομαι
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G4313) appears in the Greek Septuagint. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 32:17 προπορεύομαι He commanded the foremost, saying, "When Esau, my brother, meets you, and asks you, saying, 'Whose are you? Where are you going? Whose are these before you?'
- Genesis 32:18 προπορεύομαι Then you shall say, 'They are your servant, Jacob's. It is a present sent to my lord, Esau. Behold, he also is behind us.'"
- Genesis 32:20 προπορεύομαι You shall say, 'Not only that, but behold, your servant, Jacob, is behind us.'" For, he said, "I will appease him with the present that goes before me, and afterward I will see his face. Perhaps he will accept me."
- Genesis 32:21 προπορεύομαι So the present passed over before him: and he himself lodged that night in the camp.
- Exodus 14:19 προπορεύομαι The angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, moved and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud moved from before them, and stood behind them.
- Exodus 17:5 προπορεύομαι Yahweh said to Moses, "Walk on before the people, and take the elders of Israel with you, and take the rod in your hand with which you struck the Nile, and go.
- Exodus 32:1 προπορεύομαι When the people saw that Moses delayed to come down from the mountain, the people gathered themselves together to Aaron, and said to him, "Come, make us gods, which shall go before us; for as for this Moses, the man who brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we don't know what has become of him."
- Exodus 32:23 προπορεύομαι For they said to me, 'Make us gods, which shall go before us; for as for this Moses, the man who brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we don't know what has become of him.'
- Exodus 32:34 προπορεύομαι Now go, lead the people to the place of which I have spoken to you. Behold, my angel shall go before you. Nevertheless in the day when I punish, I will punish them for their sin."
- Exodus 33:14 προπορεύομαι He said, "My presence will go with you, and I will give you rest."
- Numbers 10:33 προπορεύομαι They set forward from the Mount of Yahweh three days' journey; and the ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them three days' journey, to seek out a resting-place for them.
- Deuteronomy 1:30 προπορεύομαι Yahweh your God who goes before you, he will fight for you, according to all that he did for you in Egypt before your eyes,
- Deuteronomy 1:33 προπορεύομαι who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch your tents in, in fire by night, to show you by what way you should go, and in the cloud by day.
- Deuteronomy 3:18 προπορεύομαι I commanded you at that time, saying, Yahweh your God has given you this land to possess it: you shall pass over armed before your brothers the children of Israel, all the men of valor.
- Deuteronomy 9:3 προπορεύομαι Know therefore this day, that Yahweh your God is he who goes over before you as a devouring fire; he will destroy them, and he will bring them down before you: so shall you drive them out, and make them to perish quickly, as Yahweh has spoken to you.
- Deuteronomy 20:4 προπορεύομαι for Yahweh your God is he who goes with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.
- Deuteronomy 31:3 προπορεύομαι Yahweh your God, he will go over before you; he will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess them: [and] Joshua, he shall go over before you, as Yahweh has spoken.
- Deuteronomy 31:6 προπορεύομαι Be strong and of good courage, don't be afraid, nor be scared of them: for Yahweh your God, he it is who does go with you; he will not fail you, nor forsake you.
- Joshua 3:6 προπορεύομαι Joshua spoke to the priests, saying, Take up the ark of the covenant, and pass over before the people. They took up the ark of the covenant, and went before the people.
- Joshua 6:13 προπορεύομαι The seven priests bearing the seven trumpets of rams' horns before the ark of Yahweh went on continually, and blew the trumpets: and the armed men went before them; and the rearward came after the ark of Yahweh, [the priests] blowing the trumpets as they went.
- Joshua 10:13 προπορεύομαι The sun stood still, and the moon stayed, Until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies. Isn't this written in the book of Jashar? The sun stayed in the midst of the sky, and didn't hurry to go down about a whole day.
- Joshua 10:24 προπορεύομαι It happened, when they brought forth those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who went with him, Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings. They came near, and put their feet on the necks of them.
- 1 Samuel 17:7 προπορεύομαι The staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head [weighed] six hundred shekels of iron: and his shield-bearer went before him.
- 1 Samuel 25:19 προπορεύομαι She said to her young men, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she didn't tell her husband, Nabal.
- Psalms 84:14 προπορεύομαι
- Psalms 88:15 προπορεύομαι I am afflicted and ready to die from my youth up. While I suffer your terrors, I am distracted.
- Psalms 96:3 προπορεύομαι Declare his glory among the nations, His marvelous works among all the peoples.
- Proverbs 4:18 προπορεύομαι But the path of the righteous is like the dawning light, That shines more and more until the perfect day.
- Proverbs 24:34 προπορεύομαι So shall your poverty come as a robber, And your want as an armed man.
- Isaiah 58:8 προπορεύομαι Then shall your light break forth as the morning, and your healing shall spring forth speedily; and your righteousness shall go before you; the glory of Yahweh shall by your rearward.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G4313) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.