יִצְהָר
shining oil
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 18 times (78%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct 5 times (22%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 23 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H3323 appears — 23 distinct verses across 10 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Numbers 1 verse
Deuteronomy 6 verses
- Deuteronomy 7:13 וְ/יִצְהָרֶ֗/ךָ conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms and he will love you, and bless you, and multiply you; he will also bless the fruit of your body and the fruit of your ground, your grain and your new wine and your oil, the increase of your cattle and the young of your flock, in the land which he swore to your fathers to give you.
- Deuteronomy 11:14 וְ/יִצְהָרֶֽ/ךָ conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms that I will give the rain of your land in its season, the former rain and the latter rain, that you may gather in your grain, and your new wine, and your oil.
- Deuteronomy 12:17 וְ/יִצְהָרֶ֔/ךָ conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms You may not eat within your gates the tithe of your grain, or of your new wine, or of your oil, or the firstborn of your herd or of your flock, nor any of your vows which you vow, nor your freewill-offerings, nor the heave-offering of your hand;
- Deuteronomy 14:23 וְ/יִצְהָרֶ֔/ךָ conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms You shall eat before Yahweh your God, in the place which he shall choose, to cause his name to dwell there, the tithe of your grain, of your new wine, and of your oil, and the firstborn of your herd and of your flock; that you may learn to fear Yahweh your God always.
- Deuteronomy 18:4 וְ/יִצְהָרֶ֗/ךָ conj + n c ms cs + sfx pers 2ms The first fruits of your grain, of your new wine, and of your oil, and the first of the fleece of your sheep, shall you give him.
- Deuteronomy 28:51 וְ/יִצְהָ֔ר conj + n c ms and shall eat the fruit of your cattle, and the fruit of your ground, until you are destroyed; that also shall not leave you grain, new wine, or oil, the increase of your cattle, or the young of your flock, until they have caused you to perish.
2 Kings 1 verse
2 Chronicles 2 verses
- 2 Chronicles 31:5 וְ/יִצְהָר֙ conj + n c ms As soon as the commandment came abroad, the children of Israel gave in abundance the first fruits of grain, new wine, and oil, and honey, and of all the increase of the field; and the tithe of all things brought they in abundantly.
- 2 Chronicles 32:28 וְ/יִצְהָ֑ר conj + n c ms store-houses also for the increase of grain and new wine and oil; and stalls for all manner of animals, and flocks in folds.
Nehemiah 5 verses
- Nehemiah 5:11 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָ֔ר conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms Please restore to them, even this day, their fields, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, and of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, that you exact of them.
- Nehemiah 10:37 וְ/יִצְהָ֗ר conj + n c ms and that we should bring the first fruits of our dough, and our heave-offerings, and the fruit of all manner of trees, the new wine and the oil, to the priests, to the chambers of the house of our God; and the tithes of our ground to the Levites; for they, the Levites, take the tithes in all the cities of our tillage.
- Nehemiah 10:39 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָר֒ conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms For the children of Israel and the children of Levi shall bring the heave-offering of the grain, of the new wine, and of the oil, to the chambers, where are the vessels of the sanctuary, and the priests who minister, and the porters, and the singers: and we will not forsake the house of our God.
- Nehemiah 13:5 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָ֔ר conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms had prepared for him a great chamber, where before they laid the meal-offerings, the frankincense, and the vessels, and the tithes of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, and the singers, and the porters; and the heave-offerings for the priests.
- Nehemiah 13:12 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָ֖ר conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms Then brought all Judah the tithe of the grain and the new wine and the oil to the treasuries.
Jeremiah 1 verse
Hosea 2 verses
- Hosea 2:8 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָ֑ר conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms For she did not know that I gave her the grain, the new wine, and the oil, And multiplied to her silver and gold, which they used for Baal.
- Hosea 2:22 הַ/יִּצְהָ֑ר ptcl def.art + n c ms And the earth will respond to the grain, and the new wine, and the oil; And they will respond to Jezreel.
Joel 3 verses
- Joel 1:10 יִצְהָֽר n c ms The field is laid waste. The land mourns, for the grain is destroyed, The new wine has dried up, And the oil languishes.
- Joel 2:19 וְ/הַ/יִּצְהָ֔ר conj + ptcl def.art + n c ms Yahweh answered his people, "Behold, I will send you grain, new wine, and oil, And you will be satisfied with them; And I will no more make you a reproach among the nations.
- Joel 2:24 וְ/יִצְהָֽר conj + n c ms The threshing floors will be full of wheat, And the vats will overflow with new wine and oil.
Haggai 1 verse
Zechariah 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“shining oil” is the headline sense of the Hebrew noun יצהר (yitshâr). Its earliest occurrence is Numbers 18:12. It turns up in 23 verses across 10 books, an uncommon footprint. It concentrates in Deuteronomy, which alone accounts for 26% of its uses. It clusters with צהר, צהר and צרת under a shared root. See the sense tree, 23-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H3323 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 23
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 23 distinct verses.
- 10 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 10 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #1,368
- by frequency
- Top 2500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 1,368 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 23 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Deuteronomy 6 verses 26%
- Nehemiah 5 verses 22%
- Joel 3 verses 13%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 23 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 9 verses · 39%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 7 verses · 30%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 7 verses · 30%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
BDB lists this Strong’s number as 3 distinct words (homographs). Each count above pools all of them and is not split by sense — see the Senses section below. A low-frequency rendering may belong to a different one of those words, not the primary meaning.
- King James Version†: Oil 20×
- American Standard Version†: Oil 19×
- Berean Standard Bible†: Oil 17×, Or oil 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text†: Oil 20×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H3323 across 23† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 3 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H3323 across 23† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H3323 across 22† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 3 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H3323 across 22† tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- fresh oil, shining (pure) oil
Word origin
II. n.[m.] fresh oil (newly appeared, cf. ‘Ausbruch’ LagBN 129 Köii 1, 93; > Thes al. that which shines);—abs. יִצ׳ Ho 2:10 +, sf. יִצְהָרֶ֑ךָ Dt 7:13 +;—fresh oil, as product of land, in unmanufactured state, usually + תִּירוֹשׁ, דָּגָן etc., rich possession, gift of י׳ Ho 2:10, 24; Je 31:12; Dt 7:13; 11:14; Jo 2:19, 24, so חֵלֶב יִצ׳ Nu 18:12; Dt 28:51; Hg 1:11; 2 Ch 32:28; Ne 5:11; tithed Dt 12:17; 14:23; firstfruits for priest 18:4; Ne 10:38 cf. v 40 13:5 (tithe for Levites), v 12, for priest and Levite 2 Ch 31:5; זֵית יִצ׳ 2 K 18:32 oil-olive, i.e. oil-yielding olive-trees, cf. יִצ׳ alone Jo 1:10; יִצ׳ as anointing oil only in בְּנֵי הַיִּצ׳ Zc 4:14, i.e. anointed ones.
III. n.pr.m. Ισ(σ)ααρ: Levite, son of Kohath Ex 6:18, 21; Nu 3:19; 16:1 1 Ch 5:28; 6:3, 23; 23:12, 18.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from צהר (tsâhar) (H6671) — to press oil.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
יִצְהָר I
- oil. Sifré Deut. 42. Snh. 24ᵃ (ref. to Zech. IV, 14) י׳ אלו ת"ח שמשמינים וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שנוחים … כשמן) ‘sons of oil’, those are the Palestinean scholars who oil (smoothe) one another in their discussions; Yalk. Zech. 579. e.g. Zechariah 4:14
יִצְהָר II
- (b. h.) pr. n. m. Izhar, father of Korah. Snh. 109ᵇ בן י׳ שהרתיח … כצהרים ‘the son of I.’, for he made the world as hot to himself as noon-heat.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 17 distinct written forms H3323 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H3323, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 5 — not the complete family. 2 of the same-root words are proper names (people or places). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 18 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 23 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Numbers 18:12
- Deuteronomy 7:13
- 2 Kings 18:32
- 2 Chronicles 31:5
- Jeremiah 31:12
- Hosea 2:8
- Joel 1:10
- Haggai 1:11
- Zechariah 4:14
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
