Joel 2:24

Joe 2:24 And the floors shall be full of wheat, and the fats shall overflow with wine and oil.

Ver. 24. And the floors shall be full of wheat] Such fatness shall God’s footsteps drop, that your houses shall be full of all "precious and pleasant riches," Pro 24:4; so that you shall, as rich men love to do, de pleno tollere acervo. Only take heed you have not, as that rich fool, animam triticeam, a wheaten soul, that your abundance get not within you, Tα ενοντα, as the Pharisees’ did, Luk 11:41 (so that they did not more possess than were possessed of what they had), that ye set not your hearts upon your riches, Psa 62:11.

- “ difficile est opibus non tradere mentem. ”

(Martial.)

And the fats shall overflow] There shall be plenty of all things, as Pro 3:10, the fruits and effect of that rain promised before. And doth not God daily turn water into wine, when of water falling upon the vine, and concocted by the heat of the sun, he produceth the grape, whence wine is pressed?

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Effects of the rain. Joe 2:24. "And the barns become full of corn, and the vats flow over with new wine and oil. Joe 2:25. And I repay to you the years which the locust has eaten, the licker, and the devourer, and the gnawer, my great army which I sent among you. Joe 2:26. And ye will eat, eat and be satisfied, and praise the name of Jehovah your God, who hath done wondrously with you; and my people shall not be put to shame to all eternity. Joe 2:27. And ye will know that I am in the midst of Israel, and I (am) Jehovah your God, and none else, and my people shall not be put to shame to all eternity." Joe 2:24 is practically the same as Joe 2:19, and the counterpart to Joe 1:10-12. השׁיק from שׁוּק, to run, hiphil only here and Joe 3:13, to run over, to overflow; pilel, Psa 65:10, shōqēq, to cause to overflow. יקבים, the vats of the wine-presses, into which the wine flows when trodden out; here it also applies to the vats of the oil-presses, into which the oil ran as it was pressed out. Through these bountiful harvests God would repay to the people the years, i.e., the produce of the years, which the locusts ate. The plural, shânı̄m, furnishes no certain proof that Joel referred in ch. 1 to swarms of locusts of several successive years; but is used either with indefinite generality, as in Gen 21:7, or with a distinct significance, viz., as a poetical expression denoting the greatness and violence of the devastation. On the different names of the locusts, see at Joe 1:4. It is to be observed here that the copula stands before the last two names, but not before yeleq, so that the last three names belong to one another as co-ordinates (Hitzig), i.e., they are merely different epithets used for 'arbeh, the locusts.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

The effect of the seasonable rains shall be abundance of all articles of food.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

He goes on with the same subject in this verse, and shows the effects of rain; for when the earth is irrigated and satiated with sufficient moisture, it brings forth fruit, rich and plentiful. God then will cause that the rains shall not be useless, for the floors shall be full of wheat, and the fats shall overflow with wine as well as oil. He afterwards adds —

John Calvin's Commentaries (1540-1563) — public domain. Text from the Calvin Translation Society English edition (1840s-50s) via the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (ccel.org). Calvin's coverage is partial (roughly two-thirds of the Bible); uncommented books and verses are honest gaps, never fabricated. The 19th-century editor's footnotes and remarks are omitted so the notes are faithfully Calvin's own voice.

24. The reversal of Joe_1:10-12.

the floors] i.e. the threshing-floors—which, however, were not like our threshing-floors: see the description in the footnote on p. 227.

fats] i.e. (as we should say) vats, fat being an old form of vat, A.S. fœt, Germ. Fass: so constantly in A.V., as Joe_3:13; Hag_2:16. Both the gath, in which the grapes were trodden (Neh_13:15; Isa_63:2, where winefat is wrong), and the yeḳeb (lit. a place hollowed out), in which the expressed juice was received (cf. on Amo_9:13), were commonly excavated in the rock (cf. Isa_5:2, “and also hewed out in it a yeḳeb,” or winefat [R.V. marg.]): and remains of those dug in ancient times are still to be seen in Palestine. Robinson (B.R[44] 3:137) describes one: on the upper side of a ledge of rock, a shallow vat had been dug out, 8 feet square, and 15 inches deep; two feet below there was another smaller vat, 4 feet square and 3 feet deep; the grapes were trodden in the shallow upper vat, and the hole by which the juice was drawn off into the lower vat still remained. Cf. ib. p. 381 (a similar arrangement in use in 1852). Sometimes there were two such lower receptacles, communicating with each other, attached to the gath; and Schick (Z.D.P.V[45] 10:1887, p. 146 f.) describes one with three: the must, in such cases, would be transferred from one to the other in order gradually to clarify.

[44] .R. … Edw. Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine (ed. 2, 1856).

[45] .D.P.V. … Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins.

overflow] Joe_3:13. Comp. Pro_3:10, “and thy vats shall burst with must (or new wine).”

wine and oil] new wine (or must) and fresh oil (as Joe_1:10). Olives are now usually crushed by a large circular stone revolving in a kind of mortar; but formerly (see Mic_6:15; and cf. the name Gethsemane, “oil-press”) they were trodden by the feet of men, like grapes.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

And the floors shall be full of wheat,.... The churches of Christ, which will now be in Judea, and in the Gentile world, which are his "floors", Mat 3:12; and which will be set up everywhere through the preaching of the Gospel, the descent of the former and latter rain; these will be full of precious souls gathered in, compared to wheat, and of the choice and excellent, doctrines of the Gospel, and of all spiritual provisions, Mat 13:30;

and the fats shall overflow with wine and oil; with the wine of Gospel doctrine, and the oil of true grace; there shall be a flow, an overflow, a redundancy of these, both in the ministers of the word and private Christians, in whom the grace of God shall abound and superabound; see Rom 5:20.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Presses, or subterraneous reservoirs.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

The floors, where they thrashed their corn, shall be full of wheat, the best and most useful grain, the bread corn for man’s life and support.

The fats, the vessels into which the liquor ran out of the press,

shall overflow with wine and oil; there shall be of the grape and olive enough to fill the vessels, nay, to make them run over, though the care of good husbands will save it; for what was said, Joe 2:22, is here fulfilled, the vine doth yield its strength.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

24-27. The heavens are open once more, the drought will come to an end, the locusts will disappear, the harvest and vintage will be plentiful, so that the presence of Jehovah will indeed be realized. 24. A repetition by the prophet of the thought expressed by Jehovah in Joe_2:19. The conditions described in Joe_1:10-12, are to be reversed; corn, wine, and oil will be plentiful.

Floors — Threshing floors, where corn is threshed out and heaped up (Thomson, 2:314-316).

Fats — Modern form, vats. Not the wine presses, but the receptacles into which the wine flows from the presses, usually excavated in the natural rock (Isa_5:2), a little lower than the presses (Van Lennep, 117ff.); applied here also to the receptacles for the oil. The vintage will be so plentiful that the vats will overflow (Pro_3:10).

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Vers. 24-27. In these verses the prophet pictures the blessed effects of the abundant rain on the parched and barren land. Ver. 2 presents a contrast to vers. 10-12 of ch. 1; while the promise of corn and wine and oil in ver. 19, with which the present is closely connected, is performed. The perfects exhibit the Divine promise as actually accomplished.

(1) The word rB, from rrB, to separate, denotes the pure grain separated from the husk or chaff and straw.

(2) qWv is" to run," and in Hiph.," to cause to run" as of fluids, then overflow; and Pilel in Psa_65:10, shoqeq, "to cause to overflow.

(3) bqy, equivalent to bqn, is a vessel bored or hewn out, then the vat into which the wine trodden out in the wine-press, or the oil trodden out in the oil-press, flows; while jg is the press in which wine or oil, especially the former, is trodden out. I will restore to you the years.

(1) the greatness and violence of the destruction made by the locusts, or

(2) it implies that, only for the timely interposition of Jehovah in destroying the locusts, the people would have had to sustain the loss of the harvest, not of one year only, but of several in other words, the disastrous effects of their ravages would have been felt for a number of years; but

(3) not that the locusts invaded the land several successive yours. The absence of the copula before yeleq, and its presence before the last two names, viz. ehasil aud gazam, prove that these three names, being thus coordinated, are either epithets or species of arbeh: thus, the losses of the years which the locust, or multitudinous one, hath eaten the licker and the devourer and the biter (or gnawer) were compensated. Abarbauel maintains these names of the locusts to refer to the four world-powers that one after another desolated Palestine: "For they," he says, "were the army of Jehovah and the messengers of his providence to punish Israel by their means." The effect of the plentiful supply of their wants and of the full satisfaction enjoyed thereby becomes the occasion of devout acknowledgment of God as their Protector and Patron, and of the warmest expressions of gratitude for his goodness, so they praise the Name of the Lord their God, that had dealt wondrously with them; literally, had acted towards them even to the doing of wonders. Then follows the practical conclusion, very poetically expressed, and comprising the assurance of the presence of God among his people, his sole Divinity and sure protection of them, a guarantee of his grace to them at all times, freedom from reproach and shame evermore. Thus closes the promise of temporal or material bless-tugs. "Ye shall recognize," says Kimchi, that I am in your midst, hearing your cries."

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The fats - The vessels into which the liquor ran out of the press.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh begins a long speech to the Israelites.

vats

large containers for liquids

the years of crops that the swarming locust has eaten

"the crops that you took care of for years and that the swarming locusts have eaten"

swarming locust ... the great locust, the devouring locust, and the destroying locust

These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language. See how you translated this in Joel 1:4.

translationWords

thresh

wheat

wine

oil

restore

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

shall roar Heb. וְהֵשִׁיקוּ, an expression of making noise when the stream runs down from the winepress into the vat (הַיֶקֶב), which is the pit before the winepress

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.