Deuteronomy 2:15

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Deuteronomy 2:15 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Deuteronomy 2:15 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/deuteronomy/2/15.

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English Translation
Moreover the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    For indeed the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And also, the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from among the camp until they came to an end.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Indeed, the LORD’s hand was against them, to eliminate them from the camp, until they had all perished.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Indeed, the LORD’s hand was against them, to eliminate them from the camp, until they had all perished.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    For indeed the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of Jehovah was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    For in deede the hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them from among the hoste, till they were consumed.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    For his hand was against them, that they should perish from the midst of the camp.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and also the hand of Jehovah hath been against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, till they are consumed.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and indeed the hand of YHWH has been against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp until they are consumed.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Moreover, the hand of Yahweh was against that generation in order to destroy them from the people until they were gone.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And also, the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from among the camp until they came to an end.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of Jehovah was against them to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Moreover the LORD’s hand was against them, to destroy them from the middle of the camp, until they were consumed.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    For indeed the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    In fact the Lord worked against them to remove them from the camp, until they were all dead.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    For the hand of the Lord was against them, working their destruction, till all were dead.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Moreover the hand of the LORD was against them, to discomfit them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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לְהֻמָּ֖ם
hâmam
H2000
“to confuse · them”
Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural
Part of Speech
Preposition + Verb
Stem
Qal
Form
Infinitive Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root [compare H1949 , H1993 ]

TWOT: 507

to move noisily, confuse, make a noise, discomfit, break, consume, crush, destroy, trouble, vex - (Qal) - to move noisily - to confuse, discomfit, vex
  1. וְגַ֤ם gam H1571 “and · also” Conjunction + Particle, Accusative
  2. יַד yâd H3027 “hand of” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct
  3. יְהוָה֙ Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  4. הָ֣יְתָה hâyâh H1961 “to be” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  5. מִקֶּ֣רֶב qereb H7130 “from · midst of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  6. הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה machăneh H4264 “the · camp” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  7. עַ֖ד ʻad H5704 “until” Preposition
  8. תֻּמָּֽם tâmam H8552 “to be complete · them” Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10
words
9
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is לְהֻמָּ֖ם to confuse H2000 — appearing just 16 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

לְהֻמָּ֖ם to confuse H2000 occurs in 14 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 4 nouns
  • 2 prepositions
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • הָ֣יְתָה Qal · Perfect
  • לְהֻמָּ֖ם Qal · Infinitive Construct
  • תֻּמָּֽם Qal · Infinitive Construct

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 21 words from the Hebrew and 23 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 17 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

11

Topical passages linked to Deuteronomy 2:15 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Psalms 106:26 Therefore he swore to them That he would overthrow them in the wilderness,
  • Judges 2:15 Wherever they went out, the hand of Yahweh was against them for evil, as Yahweh had spoken, and as Yahweh had sworn to them: and they were sore distressed.
  • 1 Samuel 5:6 But the hand of Yahweh was heavy on them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and struck them with tumors, even Ashdod and the borders of it.
  • 1 Samuel 5:9 It was so, that after they had carried it about, the hand of Yahweh was against the city with a very great confusion: and he struck the men of the city, both small and great; and tumors broke out on them.
  • 1 Samuel 5:11 They sent therefore and gathered together all the lords of the Philistines, and they said, Send away the ark of the God of Israel, and let it go again to its own place, that it not kill us and our people. For there was a deadly confusion throughout all the city; the hand of God was very heavy there.
  • 1 Samuel 7:13 So the Philistines were subdued, and they came no more within the border of Israel: and the hand of Yahweh was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.
  • Psalms 32:4 For day and night your hand was heavy on me. My strength was sapped in the heat of summer. Selah.
  • Psalms 78:33 Therefore he consumed their days in vanity, And their years in terror.
  • Psalms 90:7–9 For we are consumed in your anger. We are troubled in your wrath.
  • Isaiah 66:14 You shall see [it], and your heart shall rejoice, and your bones shall flourish like the tender grass: and the hand of Yahweh shall be known toward his servants; and he will have indignation against his enemies.
  • 1 Corinthians 10:5 However with most of them, God was not well pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Deuteronomy 2:15 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְגַ֤ם יַד יְהוָה֙ הָ֣יְתָה בָּ֔ם לְהֻמָּ֖ם מִקֶּ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה עַ֖ד תֻּמָּֽם

Moreover the hand of Yahweh was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Deuteronomy 2:15 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ χείρ ὁ θεός εἰμί ἐπί αὐτός ἐκ ἀναἁλίσκω αὐτός ἐκ ὁ παρεμβολή ἕως ὅς διαπίπτω

And the hand of the Lord was upon them to destroy them out of the midst of the camp, until they were consumed.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאַף מָחָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ הֲוַת בְּהוֹן לְשֵׁצָיוּתְהוֹן מִגוֹ מַשְׁרִיתָא עַד דִשְׁלִימוּ

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאוּף מְחָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ אִתְגָרִית בְּהוֹן לְמִשֵׁצְיֵיהוֹן מִגּוֹ מַשְׁרִיתָא עַד דִּי פְּסָקוּ

    But a plague also from the Lord had scourged them to consume them from the host, until they were brought to an end.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Deuteronomy 2:15 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

His plague and punishment to destroy all that were twenty years old and above.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) The hand of the Lord was against them.—The best comment on this discipline is to be found in Psa_90:8-9, “Thou hast set our iniquities before thee, our secret sins in the light of thy countenance; for all our days are passed away in thy wrath.”

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

15. the hand of the Lord] It was no natural death of the whole generation, but by special plagues from Jehovah; cp. JE, Num_14:31 ff; Num_21:6; P, Num_14:32; Num_14:37.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

For indeed the hand of the Lord was against them,.... His power was exerted in a way of wrath and vengeance on them, for their murmurings at the report of the spies; and therefore, it is no wonder they were consumed, for strong is his hand, and high is his right hand; and when lifted up it falls heavy, and there is no standing up under it, or against it: it smote them with one disease or another, or brought one judgment or another upon them: as the sword of Amalek, by which many were cut off, and the plague at Shittim in the plains of Moab, in which died 24,000; besides the destruction of Korah and his company, which was quickly after the affair of the spies, and the plague at that time, of which died 14,700; and thus, by one stroke after another, he went on to

destroy them from among the host until they were consumed, even all of them but two, as follows.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

15. The hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them — Here is a manifest allusion to the judgments of Jehovah against Korah and his company, (Num_16:35;) against those who perished by the plague, (Num_16:49;) against those who were bitten by serpents, (Num_21:6;) and against those who indulged in the impure worship of Baal-peor, (Num_25:9.)

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

For indeed; rather, And also; not by natural causes alone, but by the hand of God, i.e. by special penal judgments also, were they troubled and destroyed. (cf. Num_16:31, etc.; Num_17:12, Num_17:13; Num_21:6; Num_25:1-9)

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

היתה בם [FOR INDEED THE HAND OF THE LORD] WAS AGAINST THEM [TO DESTROY THEM] speedily within a period of forty years, so that they should no longer be the cause for their children to tarry in the wilderness.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Deuteronomy, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 10 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is hâmam (“to confuse”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “to confuse” (hâmam) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. How does Exodus 14:24, which shares the word «to confuse», read alongside this verse?
  3. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  4. «הָ֣יְתָה» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  5. Compare how Geneva Bible (1599) and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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