1 Kings 6:5

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Kings 6:5 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Kings 6:5 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-kings/6/5.

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English Translation
Against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle: and he made chambers round about:
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And he built an addition against the wall of the house all around, the walls of the house all around, of the nave and of the inner sanctuary. And he made chambers all around.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Against the walls of the temple and the inner sanctuary, Solomon built a chambered structure around the temple, in which he constructed the side rooms.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Against the walls of the temple and the inner sanctuary, Solomon built a chambered structure around the temple, in which he constructed the side rooms.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle: and he made chambers round about:
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle: and he made side-chambers round about:
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And by the wall of the house hee made galleries round about, euen by the walles of the house round about the Temple and the oracle, and made chambers round about.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And upon the wall of the temple he built floors round about, in the walls of the house round about the temple and the oracle, and he made sides round about.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And he buildeth against the wall of the house a couch round about, `even' the walls of the house round about, of the temple and of the oracle, and maketh sides round about.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And he builds a couch against the wall of the house all around, [even] the walls of the house all around, of the temple and of the oracle, and makes sides all around.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Against the walls of the main chamber he built rooms around it, around both the outer room and the inner room. He built rooms all around the sides.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And he built an addition against the wall of the house all around, the walls of the house all around, of the nave and of the inner sanctuary. And he made chambers all around.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built floors round about, [against] the walls of the house, round about the temple and the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Against the wall of the house, he built floors all around, against the walls of the house all around, both of the temple and of the inner sanctuary; and he made side rooms all around.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle: and he made chambers round about:
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    He also had a structure built against the outer wall of the Temple, both the outer and the inner sanctuary, to provide a series of side rooms.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And against the walls all round, and against the walls of the Temple and of the inmost room, he put up wings, with side rooms all round:
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And against the wall of the house he built a side-structure round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the sanctuary; and he made side-chambers round about;

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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יצוע
yâtsûwaʻ
H3326
“bed”
Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Absolute
Full BDB Definition

Origin: passive participle of H3331

TWOT: 896a

couch, bed
  1. וַיִּבֶן֩ bânâh H1129 “and · to build” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
  3. קִ֨יר qîyr H7023 “wall of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  4. הַבַּ֤יִת bayith H1004 “the · house” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  5. יָצִ֨יעַ֙ yâtsûwaʻ H3326 “bed” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  6. סָבִ֔יב çâbîyb H5439 “round about” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  7. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  8. קִיר֤וֹת qîyr H7023 “walls of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
  9. הַבַּ֨יִת֙ bayith H1004 “the · house” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  10. סָבִ֔יב çâbîyb H5439 “round about” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  11. לַֽהֵיכָ֖ל hêykâl H1964 “to/for the · temple” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  12. וְלַדְּבִ֑יר dᵉbîyr H1687 “and · to/for the · holy of holies” Conjunction + Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  13. וַיַּ֥עַשׂ ʻâsâh H6213 “and · to do” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  14. צְלָע֖וֹת tsêlâʻ H6763 “ribs” Noun, Common, Both, Plural, Absolute
  15. סָבִֽיב çâbîyb H5439 “round about” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

16
words
11
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is יצוע bed H3326 — appearing just 11 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • וְלַדְּבִ֑יר holy of holies H1687

Shared distinctive vocabulary

יצוע bed H3326 occurs in 8 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 12 nouns
  • 1 preposition
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וַיִּבֶן֩ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • וַיַּ֥עַשׂ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • סָבִ֔יב round about H5439 ×3
  • קִ֨יר wall H7023 ×2
  • הַבַּ֤יִת house H1004 ×2
  • יצוע bed H3326 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 33 words from the Hebrew and 17 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 16 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

22

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 6:5 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • 1 Kings 6:16 He built twenty cubits on the hinder part of the house with boards of cedar from the floor to the walls [of the ceiling]: he built [them] for it within, for an oracle, even for the most holy place.
  • 1 Kings 6:19–21 He prepared an oracle in the midst of the house within, to set there the ark of the covenant of Yahweh.
  • 1 Kings 6:31 For the entrance of the oracle he made doors of olive-wood: the lintel [and] door-posts were a fifth part [of the wall].
  • 2 Chronicles 4:20 and the lampstands with their lamps, to burn according to the ordinance before the oracle, of pure gold;
  • 2 Chronicles 5:7 The priests brought in the ark of the covenant of Yahweh to its place, into the oracle of the house, to the most holy place, even under the wings of the cherubim.
  • 2 Chronicles 5:9 The poles were so long that the ends of the poles were seen from the ark before the oracle; but they were not seen outside: and there it is to this day.
  • Psalms 28:2 Hear the voice of my petitions, when I cry to you, When I lift up my hands toward your Most Holy Place.
  • Exodus 25:22 There I will meet with you, and I will tell you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are on the ark of the testimony, all that I command you for the children of Israel.
  • Leviticus 16:2 and Yahweh said to Moses, "Tell Aaron your brother, not to come at all times into the Most Holy Place within the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark; lest he die: for I will appear in the cloud on the mercy seat.
  • Numbers 7:89 When Moses went into the Tent of Meeting to speak with Yahweh, he heard his voice speaking to him from above the mercy seat that was on the ark of the Testimony, from between the two cherubim: and he spoke to him.
  • 1 Chronicles 9:26 for the four chief porters, who were Levites, were in an office of trust, and were over the chambers and over the treasuries in the house of God.
  • 1 Chronicles 23:28 For their office was to wait on the sons of Aaron for the service of the house of Yahweh, in the courts, and in the chambers, and in the purifying of all holy things, even the work of the service of the house of God;
  • 1 Chronicles 28:11 Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch [of the temple], and of the houses of it, and of the treasuries of it, and of the upper rooms of it, and of the inner chambers of it, and of the place of the mercy seat;
  • 2 Chronicles 31:11 Then Hezekiah commanded to prepare chambers in the house of Yahweh; and they prepared them.
  • Nehemiah 10:37 and that we should bring the first fruits of our dough, and our heave-offerings, and the fruit of all manner of trees, the new wine and the oil, to the priests, to the chambers of the house of our God; and the tithes of our ground to the Levites; for they, the Levites, take the tithes in all the cities of our tillage.
  • Nehemiah 12:44 On that day were men appointed over the chambers for the treasures, for the heave-offerings, for the first fruits, and for the tithes, to gather into them, according to the fields of the cities, the portions appointed by the law for the priests and Levites: for Judah rejoiced for the priests and for the Levites who waited.
  • Nehemiah 13:5–9 had prepared for him a great chamber, where before they laid the meal-offerings, the frankincense, and the vessels, and the tithes of the grain, the new wine, and the oil, which were given by commandment to the Levites, and the singers, and the porters; and the heave-offerings for the priests.
  • Song of Solomon 1:4 Take me away with you. Let us hurry. The king has brought me into his chambers. Friends We will be glad and rejoice in you. We will praise your love more than wine! Beloved They are right to love you.
  • Jeremiah 35:4 and I brought them into the house of Yahweh, into the chamber of the sons of Hanan the son of Igdaliah, the man of God, which was by the chamber of the princes, which was above the chamber of Maaseiah the son of Shallum, the keeper of the threshold.
  • Ezekiel 40:44 Outside of the inner gate were chambers for the singers in the inner court, which was at the side of the north gate; and their prospect was toward the south; one at the side of the east gate having the prospect toward the north.
  • Ezekiel 41:5–11 Then he measured the wall of the house, six cubits; and the breadth of every side-chamber, four cubits, round about the house on every side.
  • Ezekiel 42:3–12 Over against the twenty [cubits] which belonged to the inner court, and over against the pavement which belonged to the outer court, was gallery against gallery in the third story.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 17 words vs World English Bible 33. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 6:5 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּבֶן֩ עַל קִ֨יר הַבַּ֤יִת יצוע יָצִ֨יעַ֙ סָבִ֔יב אֶת קִיר֤וֹת הַבַּ֨יִת֙ סָבִ֔יב לַֽהֵיכָ֖ל וְלַדְּבִ֑יר וַיַּ֥עַשׂ צְלָע֖וֹת סָבִֽיב

Against the wall of the house he built stories round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made side-chambers round about.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 6:5 Septuagint · lemma form

καί δίδωμι ἐπί ὁ τοῖχος ὁ οἶκος μέλαθρον κυκλόθεν ὁ ναός καί ὁ δαβιρ καί ποιέω πλευρά κυκλόθεν

And against the wall of the house he set chambers round about the temple and the ark.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וּבְנָא עַל כָּתְלֵי בֵיתָא זִיוָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְהֵיכָלָא וּלְבֵית כַּפּוֹרֵי וַעֲבַד מְחִיצַיָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 6:5 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

THE CHAMBERS THEREOF. (Kg1 6:5-10)

against the wall of the house he built chambers--On three sides, there were chambers in three stories, each story wider than the one beneath it, as the walls were narrowed or made thinner as they ascended, by a rebate being made, on which the beams of the side floor rested, without penetrating the wall. These chambers were approached from the right-hand side, in the interior of the under story, by a winding staircase of stone, which led to the middle and upper stories.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(5-10) The general meaning of these verses is clear, though some of the words are doubtful. Round three sides of the Temple was built a kind of aisle, opening, however, outwards and not into the Temple, having three storeys of low chambers (each only five cubits high), so arranged that the beams of their roofs were supported on rests on the outside of the wall (each rest being a cubit wide), leaving the wall itself intact. Thus the chambers of the lowest storey were narrowest—five cubits broad; the second storey six cubits, and the highest storey seven cubits broad. The higher storeys (see 1Ki_6:8), in which the chambers no doubt opened into one another, were approached by a staircase, having an external entrance on the right side of the building; the chambers of the lowest storey probably had external doors of their own. Above the highest storey were still five cubits of wall, which would give room for the windows (like clerestory windows) previously mentioned. Nothing is said of the use of these chambers; but they would be, no doubt, for residence of the priests, stores for the Temple, and furniture.

The word rendered “chambers” in the former part of 1Ki_6:5 is a singular noun, signifying the whole of this aisle or side building; the “chambers” in the latter part of the verse—properly, “side pieces.” or “ribs denote the separate apartments, or perhaps each of the storeys of the building.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 6:5 And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, [against] the walls of the house round about, [both] of the temple and of the oracle: and he made chambers round about:

Ver. 5. He built chambers round about.] Against all the parts of the temple, but only the entrance, which was at the east end. Of these chambers, or galleries, there were three stories, five cubits high, for the use of the priests that served at the altar.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Ki 6:5. Against the wall of the house he built chambers — For the accommodation of the priests, when they were upon duty at the temple. Here they kept their clothes, the sacred vessels not in immediate use, and the treasures belonging to the temple. These chambers are said to have been built against or adjoining to the wall; for their beams were not fastened into the wall, but leaned upon the buttresses of the wall. Round about — On all the sides except the east, where the porch was, and except some very small passages for the light. And yet the lights might be in the five uppermost cubits of the wall, which were above all these chambers, for these were only fifteen cubits high, and the wall was twenty cubits high. And he made chambers round about — In the Hebrew, He made ribs; by which some understand galleries, which encompassed all the forenamed chambers, and were necessary for passages to them.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Whence God spake between the Cherubims, called also the most holy place.

Or, lofts.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

5. And against the wall of the house he built chambers] The A. V. points out by its margin that the word here translated ‘chambers’ is not the same as that so rendered in the latter part of the verse. For the former it gives ‘floors’ as an alternative, for the latter ‘ribs.’ The first seems to embrace the whole structure and the latter to describe single rows of the same. What Solomon erected was three stories (as given by R.V.) of small chambers running all round two sides and one end of the Temple. The floors of these were supported on the stone work of the main building in the way described in the next verse, but were not let into the Temple-building. That wall was intact. The R.V. gives he built stories round about. Of this environment of chambers the Chronicler makes no mention.

both of the temple and of the oracle] i.e. Of the holy place and of the most holy place. The whole erection was enclosed on three sides in a casework of chambers.

and he made chambers round about] The R.V. has side chambers. This word seems to refer to the several floors one above another which formed this casework of chambers. There were three stories, each five cubits high. The Scripture record does not tell us into how many chambers each floor was divided. Josephus says there were thirty in all, he also states that they were reached by going through one to another, καὶ τὰς εἰσόδους αὐτοῖς διʼ ἀλλήλων κατεσκεύασεν.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about,.... Or near it, as Jarchi interprets it, for the beams of them were not fastened in in it, Kg1 6:6; or rather "upon" it (p); and when they are said to be round about the house, it must be understood of the two sides, north and south, and of the west end only, for at the east end, where the porch was, there were none:

against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; that is, both of the holy and the most holy place:

and he made chambers round about; the said buildings; which is repeated that it might be observed; how many chambers there were, is not said; Josephus says (q) there were thirty of them, and over them others of the same measure and number, and over them others also; so that there were three stories of them, and in all ninety; and which is countenanced by what follows in Kg1 6:6, and agrees with Eze 41:6; the Jewish doctors say (r), there were thirty eight of them, fifteen on the north, fifteen on the south, and eight on the west; they that were to the north and south were five upon five, and five over them; and they that were to the west were three upon three, and two over them; upper rooms or chambers were rare in Heathen temples (s): these chambers were for the priests, where they lodged and laid up their garments, and ate their holy things; and were emblems of congregated churches, where the true members thereof, who are priests to God, have communion with him, and partake of divine things.

(p) "super parietem", V. L. Montanus. (q) Antiqu. l. 8. c. 3. sect. 2. (r) Misn. Middot, c. 4. sect. 3. (s) Pausan. Laconic. sive. l. 3. p. 190.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Chambers - (Margin, floors). Rather, a lean-to, which completely surrounded three sides of the building, the north, the west, and the south.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Upon the wall. That is, joining to the wall. --- He built floors round about. Chambers or cells adjoining to the temple, for the use of the temple and of the priests, so contrived as to be between the inward and outward wall of the temple, in three stories, one above another. --- The oracle. The inner temple or holy of holies, where God gave his oracles. (Challoner) --- Sides. Protestants, "he made chambers round about." (Haydock) --- Some think that buttresses were used, to strengthen the building. Septuagint, "ribs," (Menochius) sides. But there seem rather to have been three off-sets; so that the wall kept decreasing in breadth, as it grew higher, (Haydock) every ten cubits, (Ezechiel xli. 6.; Menochius) and thus the upper chamber was two cubits broader than the lowest. The beams might thus rest upon the walls, and be easily changed. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Against the wall; or, upon it; or, joining to it; for the beams of the chambers were not fastened into the wall, but leaned upon the buttresses of the wall. He built chambers, for the laying the priests’ garments and other utensils belonging to the temple, or to the worship of God, therein: see 2Ki 11:2; 1Ch 28:12; Eze 42:13,14.

Round about; not simply, for there were none on the, east side; and it may seem that there were some spaces left for the windows, which being narrow outwardly, little spaces would suffice; but in a manner, i.e. on all the sides except the east, where the porch was, and except some very small passages for the light. And yet these lights might be in the five uppermost cubits of the wall, which were above all these chambers; for these were only fifteen cubits high, and the wall was twenty cubits high.

He made chambers, Heb. ribs, i.e. either other chambers above and besides the former; or rather, long galleries, which encompassed all the chambers, as the ribs do man’s body; and which were necessary for passage to all the several chambers.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

5. Against the wall — On the outside of the main building, as the sequel shows, and built up against it, as a lateral building, or lean-to.

Chambers — The Hebrew word thus rendered, (יצוע, here and in 1Ki_6:10 construed as masculine, and taken collectively, as the plural rendering shows, but feminine in 1Ki_6:6, where it is rendered in the singular,) comes from a root signifying to spread out, as in spreading a couch, and is used in the sense of a couch or bed in Gen_49:4; 1Ch_5:1; Job_17:13; Psa_63:7; Psa_132:3. It is evidently here used as an architectural term, and designates a wing or side-building, containing three stories of chambers, and extending around three sides of the entire building, namely, on the south, west, and north. Rawlinson translates it a lean-to. Margin, floors. Perhaps the nearest equivalent in our language would be a wing.

Against the walls — This expression is repeated, with walls in the plural, to introduce the more precise statement that the wing extended around the entire building; that is, the walls both of the temple and of the oracle. The oracle was the most holy place, the innermost apartment of the house. (C in plan.) See on 1Ki_6:16. Its Hebrew name is דביר, Debir, derived by a number of scholars from דבר, to speak; hence the speaking place; the place where Jehovah spoke with his people. But Gesenius, Furst, and most recent critics, derive it from an Arabic root signifying to be behind; hence the hindmost or inner apartment; the adytum. It is often thus distinguished from the holy place before it, (B in plan,) in which case the latter is called, as here, the temple, (compare 1Ki_6:3; 1Ki_6:17,) “the house,” or “the greater house.” 2Ch_3:5.

Chambers — This is in the Hebrew a different word from that rendered chambers above. The margin gives the literal meaning, ribs, (צלעות,) but there is little doubt that the word, as used here and in Eze_41:6, means side-chambers — the different apartments into which the wings above described were partitioned. (c c c in plan.) The purpose which these side-chambers was designed to serve is nowhere stated in the Scriptures. According to Thenius, they were expensively furnished sleeping apartments for the priests. They may also have been used as store-rooms for depositing consecrated gifts and sacred relics.

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Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

And against or upon, l they rested on the wall the wall of the house here meaning both temple and oracle: see below he built chambers Marg. floors. The Orig. is Wxy (Keri, yxiy) singular = stratum (xy stravit, spread out). Symm. translates katastrwma. Gesenius remarks that the word is used here and in ver. 10 in the masculine of the whole of the side structure, while in ver. 6 it is used in the feminine of the single stories. The floors bore this name, Wxy because they were spread upon, not inserted into the walls. Rawlinson has evidently confounded this word with lxe (see below) when he says, "The Hebrew word here used would be best translated a lean to ." Both words are translated alike "chambers" in the Authorized Version, but the first means stories or floors; the second may, perhaps, signify lean tos round about, against It is doubtful whether ta, is here, as commonly, merely the sign of the accusative, or is the preposition with," meaning "in connexion with," cum parietibus (Seb. Schmidt), in which case its meaning would approach very closely to that of l above. Bahr remarks that l and ta, are used elsewhere as almost synonymous, and refers to Psa_4:7 in connexion with, Psa_67:2. Keil translates, "As for the walls" (Anlangend die Wande) but this gives us an unfinished sentence. It is probably an accusative, explicative of the preceding clause =" I mean the walls," etc., the singular, wall, having being used above. This additional clause the walls of the house round about would then mean that the term "house" is to be understood as including both temple and oracle (and excluding porch), as the next words define it), both of the temple and of the oracle The floors, i.e., ran round the south, west, and north sides of the building. Stanley aptly compares them to the little shops which nestle under the continental cathedrals; though the side aisles of some Gothic churches, viewed externally, would perhaps better represent their proportions and he made chambers twOlx literally, ribs, beams, (Gesenius); Rippen (Bahr). The design of the word is clearly to convey that the floors were "divided by partitions into distinct compartments" (Merz). According to Eze_41:6 (where, however, the reading is doubtful there were thirty-three of these side chambers; according to Josephus (Ant. 8:8. 2) thirty. Thenius is probably not so far wrong when he sees in these chambers bedrooms. A sort of monastery would seem to have been attached to the temple. So many chambers could hardly have been required for the "preservation of temple stores and utensils" (Keil), or of offerings (Ewald). Whatever their use, we can hardly suppose that they were wholly without light, though nothing is said about windows. They may have had "fixed lattices." It is to be re. membered that the priests and Levites ministered "by night in the house of the Lord" (Psa_134:1) round about.

And for the house he made windows of narrow lights. There has been much disputation over these words. The older expositors generally follow (as does the marg.) the Chaldee and Rabbins: windows broad within and narrow without; " windows, i.e. somewhat like the loopholes of ancient castles. The windows of the temple would then have resembled those of Egyptian sacred buildings. (It is not implied that there was any conscious imitation of Egypt, though Fergusson surely forgets the affinity with Pharaoh, (1Ki_3:1) the trade with Egypt, (1Ki_10:28) and the favour with which some Egyptian fashions were regarded, (Son_1:9) when he contends that the chosen people would never take the buildings of their ancestral enemy for a model. But this meaning is not supported by the original ( the literal interpretation of which is closed beams " (cf. chap. 7:4, 5), and which the most competent scholars now understand to mean closed or fixed lattices, i.e., the lattices or the temple windows were not movable, as in domestic architecture (2Ki_1:2 2Ki_1:13, 2Ki_1:17; Dan_6:10) So Gesenius, De Wette, Keil, Bahr, al.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Against the wall - The beams of the chambers were not fastened into the wall, but leaned upon the buttresses of the wall. Chambers - For the laying the priests garments, and other utensils belonging to the temple, therein. Round about - On all the sides except the east, where the porch was; and except some very small passages for the light. And yet these lights might be in the five uppermost cubits of the wall, which were above all these chambers, for these were only fifteen cubits high, and the wall was twenty cubits high. Chambers - Galleries which encompassed all the chambers; and which were necessary for passage to them.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

The narrator continues to list the dimensions of the temple.

he built ... he made

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. AT: "they built ... they made" (See: Metonymy)

he built rooms around it

He built rooms on the outside of the outside wall around the main chamber.

The lowest story ... the middle ... the third

This refers to the rooms in each story of the building.

five cubits ... six cubits ... seven cubits

A cubit is 46 centimeters. AT: "about 2.3 meters ... about 2.8 meters ... about 3.2 meters" (See: Biblical Distance)

he made offsets in the wall of the house

They made ledges all around the main building to support the beams of the small rooms.

beams

A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building.

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

A chamber. Apentec, in O.F. It has three names, יציע' תא' צלע, thus is this explained in [Maseches] Bava Basra.

Around the walls of the Beis Hamikdosh circling all around. I.e., against the Sanctuary and the Holy of Holies, which is the דביר, he made chambers on the outside at the south, west, and north. And the end of the verse explains its beginning. “He built against the wall of the Beis Hamikdosh, [meaning] near the wall of the Beis Hamikdosh, a chamber round about. How did he make it? “Against the walls of the Beis Hamikdosh, [i.e., against] the Sanctuary and the Holy of Holies, he made chambers.”

And he made. He made. And similarly, “He was [ויהי] my salvation,” means the same as “He was [היה] my salvation.”

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 16 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is yâtsûwaʻ (“bed”). The Greek Septuagint runs shorter here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “bed” (yâtsûwaʻ) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. The word “holy of holies” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
  3. Genesis 49:4 shares the word «bed» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  4. “round about” occurs 3× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  5. Compared with the Hebrew, the Septuagint runs shorter here. What questions does that raise?
  6. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  7. The verb «וַיִּבֶן֩» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  8. Reading how Jamieson, Fausset & Brown and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

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Old Testament
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