1 Kings 22:40

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his place.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible

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אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ

ʼĂchazyâh

H274

“Ahaziah”

Noun, Proper

Appears 37× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H270 and H3050

TWOT: None

Ahaziah = "Jehovah (Yahu) holds (possesses)" - ruler of Israel, son of Ahab - ruler of Judah, son of Jehoram (Joram)

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8: words
8: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ Ahaziah H274

Shared distinctive vocabulary

אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ Ahaziah H274 occurs in 30 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
4 nouns
2 prepositions

Verb forms

וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב Qal · Sequential Imperfect
וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 14 words from the Hebrew and 14 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 22:40 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Deuteronomy 31:16 Yahweh said to Moses, Behold, you shall sleep with your fathers; and this people will rise up, and play the prostitute after the strange gods of the land, where they go to be among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.
2 Samuel 7:12 When your days are fulfilled, and you shall sleep with your fathers, I will set up your seed after you, who shall proceed out of your bowels, and I will establish his kingdom.
1 Kings 2:10 David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David.
1 Kings 11:21 When Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers, and that Joab the captain of the host was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, Let me depart, that I may go to my own country.
1 Kings 14:31 Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David: and his mother's name was Naamah the Ammonitess. Abijam his son reigned in his place.
1 Kings 22:51 Ahaziah the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned two years over Israel.
2 Kings 1:2 Ahaziah fell down through the lattice in his upper chamber that was in Samaria, and was sick: and he sent messengers, and said to them, Go, inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this sickness.
2 Kings 1:17 So he died according to the word of Yahweh which Elijah had spoken. Jehoram began to reign in his place in the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah; because he had no son.

2 Chronicles 20:35 After this did Jehoshaphat king of Judah join himself with Ahaziah king of Israel; the same did very wickedly:

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 22:40 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב אַחְאָ֖ב עִם אֲבֹתָ֑יו וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ בְנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו

So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his place.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 22:40 Septuagint · lemma form

καί κοιμάω αχααβ μετά ὁ πατήρ αὐτός καί βασιλεύω οχοζιας υἱός αὐτός ἀντί αὐτός

And Achaab slept with his fathers, and Ochozias his son reigned in his stead.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וּשְׁכִיב אַחְאָב עִם אֲבָהָתוֹהִי וּמְלַךְ אֲחַזְיָהוּ בְרֵיהּ תְּחוֹתוֹהִי:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 22:40 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 22:40 So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead.

Ver. 40. So Ahab slept with his fathers,] i.e., Died, as his predecessors had done before him. The mortal scythe is master of the royal sceptre.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

40. Ahaziah his son] Ahaziah was the elder son of Ahab, and died subsequently in consequence of a fall (2Ki_1:17) and was succeeded by his brother Jehoram (2Ki_3:1).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And the remnant of the Sodomites, which remained in the days of his father Asa, he took out of the land. His father Asa removed many of these filthy creatures, but not all; as many, no doubt, as came within his knowledge, but some remained, whom this his son removed, being of the same disposition with his father, see Kg1 15:12.

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1 Kings 22:47

kg1 22:47

kg1 22:47

kg1 22:47There was then no king in Edom, a deputy was king. Which had been the case from the times of David, who subdued Edom, and placed garrisons in it, and governors over it, Sa2 8:14 and continued through the reign of Jehoshaphat, unto the times of his son, under whom the Edomites revolted, and set up a king of their own, Kg2 8:20, with a view to which this is observed, as also to account for it how Jehoshaphat could build ships in Eziongeber, which was in the land of Edom, of which in the next verse, because the whole country was governed by a viceroy, or deputy, under him.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah "Whom Jehovah upholds." The name suggests that, notwithstanding his idolatries, Ahab cannot have completely abandoned the worship of the Lord his son reigned in his stead.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 8 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼĂchazyâh (“Ahaziah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word ʼĂchazyâh carries the sense “Ahaziah.” How does it shape the verse?
This is the first place “Ahaziah” appears in Scripture (first appears here). What does its debut here establish?
How does 1 Kings 22:49, which shares the word «Ahaziah», read alongside this verse?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
«וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 8 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 5 words in this verse.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 8 words in this verse.