2 Chronicles 22:3

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab; for his mother was his counselor to do wickedly.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ

râshaʻ

H7561

“to be wicked”

Preposition + Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive Construct

Appears 36× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Exodus 22:9

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 2222

to be wicked, act wickedly - (Qal) - to be wicked, act wickedly - to be guilty, be condemned - (Hiphil) - to condemn as guilty (in civil relations) - to condemn as guilty (in ethical or religious relations) - to act wickedly (in ethics and religion)

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11: words
11: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ to be wicked H7561 occurs in 35 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

4 verbs
4 nouns
1 pronoun
1 conjunction
1 particle

Verb forms

הָלַ֔ךְ Qal · Perfect
הָיְתָ֥ה Qal · Perfect
יֽוֹעַצְתּ֖וֹ Qal · Participle Active
לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ Hiphil · Infinitive Construct

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 20 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 22:3 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Genesis 27:12–13 What if my father touches me? I will seem to him as a deceiver, and I would bring a curse on myself, and not a blessing."
Genesis 6:4–5 The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when God's sons came to men's daughters. They bore children to them: the same were the mighty men who were of old, men of renown.
Deuteronomy 7:3–4 neither shall you make marriages with them; your daughter you shall not give to his son, nor his daughter shall you take to your son.
Deuteronomy 13:6–10 If your brother, the son of your mother, or your son, or your daughter, or the wife of your bosom, or your friend, who is as your own soul, entice you secretly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which you have not known, you, nor your fathers;
Judges 17:4–5 When he restored the money to his mother, his mother took two hundred [pieces] of silver, and gave them to the founder, who made of it an engraved image and a molten image: and it was in the house of Micah.
Nehemiah 13:23–27 In those days also saw I the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, [and] of Moab:
Malachi 2:15 Did he not make one, although he had the residue of the Spirit? Why one? He sought a godly seed. Therefore take heed to your spirit, and let none deal treacherously against the wife of his youth.
Matthew 10:37 He who loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and he who loves son or daughter more than me isn't worthy of me.

Matthew 14:8–11 She, being prompted by her mother, said, "Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptizer."
Acts 4:19 But Peter and John answered them, "Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you rather than to God, judge for yourselves,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 22:3 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

גַּם ה֣וּא הָלַ֔ךְ בְּדַרְכֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּ֥י אִמּ֛וֹ הָיְתָ֥ה יֽוֹעַצְתּ֖וֹ לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ

He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab; for his mother was his counselor to do wickedly.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 22:3 Septuagint · lemma form

καί οὗτος πορεύομαι ἐν ὁδός οἶκος αχααβ ὅτι μήτηρ αὐτός εἰμί σύμβουλος ὁ ἁμαρτάνω

And he walked in the way of the house of Achaab; for his mother was his counsellor to do evil.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 22:3 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

2Ch 22:3 He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab: for his mother was his counsellor to do wickedly.

Ver. 3. For his mother was his counsellor.] Mothers have a great influence upon their children, whether for good or evil. Catherine de Medici, queen mother of France, for instance, a second Athaliah.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

2Ch 22:3-4. He walked in the ways of the house of Ahab — Called their ways, not because they were the first inventors of them in these parts, but the chief establishers. These ways did not consist merely in the worshipping of God by an image, which was the way of Jeroboam; but in the worship of other gods besides the God of Israel, namely, Baal-gods, or Baalim. For his mother was his counsellor to do wickedly — Being a crafty and an imperious woman. Those that counsel persons to do wickedly, counsel them to their destruction. It is bad enough when strangers do this, but when parents give such counsel to their own children, it is deplorable indeed! The counsel of the ungodly is the ruin of many young people of both sexes, especially if given to them when they are setting out in life. They were his counsellors after the death of his father — Who, while he lived, seduced his son by his counsel and authority, and kept him to idolatry, and so rendered other evil counsellors unnecessary.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

his mother was his counsellor . . . they were his counsellors--The facile king surrendered himself wholly to the influence of his mother and her relatives. Athaliah and her son introduced a universal corruption of morals and made idolatry the religion of the court and the nation. By them he was induced not only to conform to the religion of the northern kingdom, but to join a new expedition against Ramoth-gilead (see Kg2 9:10).

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 3. His mother was his counsellor] Athaliah, the wicked daughter of a wicked parent, and the wicked spouse of an unprincipled king.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(3) He also.—The pronoun is emphatic: he too, like his father. Kings: “And he walked.”

Walked in the ways of the house of Ahab.—2Ch_21:6; 2Ch_21:13; Mic_6:16.

For his mother was his counsellor to do wickedly.—Not in Kings; an explanatory remark added by the chronicler. (Comp. 2Ch_20:35; 2Ch_21:6.) Her influence would be used in support of the Baal worship, which was the symbol of alliance with the northern kingdom.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab,.... As his father Jehoram had, Ch2 21:6.

for his mother was his counsellor to do wickedly; to commit idolatry, who was of that idolatrous house.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Pushed. Heb. and Sept. "was his counsellor to," &c.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Being a crafty and au imperious woman.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

The mother and the house of Ahab had become a proverb and a by-word for their evil. In this and the following two verses stress is laid on the evil counsel and the sources of it that prejudiced Ahaziah to his ruin. Although the parallel wants these direct statements, perhaps it scarcely says less, when it says (ver. 27), "For he was the son-in-law of the house of Ahab."

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 11 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is râshaʻ (“to be wicked”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “to be wicked” (râshaʻ) shape what this verse is saying?
How does Exodus 22:9, which shares the word «to be wicked», read alongside this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«הָלַ֔ךְ» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 3 words in this verse.
11 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 11 words in this verse.