וַיַּעֲנֵ֥ם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ קָשָׁ֑ה וַֽיַּעֲזֹב֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֔ם אֵ֖ת עֲצַ֥ת הַזְּקֵנִֽים
The king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
World English Bible · Public Domain
2 Chronicles 10:13
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 2 Chronicles 10:13 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
The king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
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World English Bible Public Domain
The king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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King James Version Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And the king answered them harshly. And King Rehoboam abandoned the advice of the elders.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
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World English Bible Public Domain
The king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
And the king answered them harshly. King Rehoboam rejected the advice of the elders
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Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
And the king answered them harshly. King Rehoboam rejected the advice of the elders
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King James Version Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
And the King answered them sharply: and King Rehoboam left the counsel of the ancient men,
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Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
And the king answered roughly, leaving the counsel of the ancients.
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Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
And the king answereth them sharply, and king Rehoboam forsaketh the counsel of the aged men,
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Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
And the king answers them sharply, and King Rehoboam forsakes the counsel of the aged men,
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Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
Rehoboam spoke to them harshly, ignoring the advice of the old men.
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unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And the king answered them harshly. And King Rehoboam abandoned the advice of the elders.
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Darby Bible Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the advice of the old men,
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World Messianic Bible Public Domain
The king answered them roughly; and King Rehoboam abandoned the counsel of the old men,
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Webster's Bible Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
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Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
The king answered them sharply. Dismissing the advice of the elders,
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Bible in Basic English Public Domain
And the king gave them a rough answer. So King Rehoboam gave no attention to the suggestion of the old men,
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JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And the king answered them roughly; and king Rehoboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
More ways to search: Search by grammar → Find every occurrence → Compare this word →
Practice this passage: Drill this verse → Learn its vocabulary →
קָשָׁ֑ה
qâsheh
H7186
“hard”
Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
- Appears 36× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears at Genesis 42:7
- Part of Speech
- Adjective
- Type
- Adjective
- Gender
- Feminine
- Number
- Singular
- State
- Absolute
Full BDB Definition
hard, cruel, severe, obstinate
- hard, difficult
- severe
- fierce, intense, vehement
- stubborn, stiff of neck, stiff-necked
- rigorous (of battle)
- וַיַּעֲנֵ֥ם ʻânâh H6030 “and · to answer · them” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural
- הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ melek H4428 “the · king” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
- קָשָׁ֑ה qâsheh H7186 “hard” Adjective, Adjective, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
- וַֽיַּעֲזֹב֙ ʻâzab H5800 “and · to leave” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 “the · king” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
- רְחַבְעָ֔ם Rᵉchabʻâm H7346 “Rehoboam” Noun, Proper
- אֵ֖ת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
- עֲצַ֥ת ʻêtsâh H6098 “counsel of” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct
- הַזְּקֵנִֽים zâqên H2205 “the · old” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 9
- words
- 8
- distinct lemmas
- Historical
- section
Shared distinctive vocabulary
קָשָׁ֑ה hard H7186 occurs in 36 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 2 verbs
- 4 nouns
- 2 adjectives
- 1 particle
Verb forms
- וַיַּעֲנֵ֥ם Qal · Sequential Imperfect
- וַֽיַּעֲזֹב֙ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
Repetition
A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:
- הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ king H4428 ×2
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 15 words from the Hebrew and 15 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 15 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Cross-references
8Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 10:13 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
- Genesis 42:7 Joseph saw his brothers, and he recognized them, but acted like a stranger to them, and spoke roughly with them. He said to them, "Where did you come from?" They said, "From the land of Canaan to buy food."
- Genesis 42:30 "The man, the lord of the land, spoke roughly with us, and took us for spies of the country.
- Exodus 10:28 Pharaoh said to him, "Get away from me! Be careful to see my face no more; for in the day you see my face you shall die!"
- 1 Samuel 25:10–11 Nabal answered David's servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days who break away every man from his master.
- 1 Kings 20:6–11 but I will send my servants to you tomorrow about this time, and they shall search your house, and the houses of your servants; and it shall be, that whatever is pleasant in your eyes, they shall put it in their hand, and take it away.
- 2 Chronicles 10:8 But he forsook the counsel of the old men which they had given him, and took counsel with the young men who had grown up with him, who stood before him.
- Proverbs 15:1 A gentle answer turns away wrath, But a harsh word stirs up anger.
- Proverbs 19:27 If you stop listening to instruction, my son, You will stray from the words of knowledge.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί ἀποκρίνω ὁ βασιλεύς σκληρός καί ἐν καταλείπω ὁ βασιλεύς ροβοαμ ὁ βουλή ὁ πρεσβύτερος
And the king answered harshly; and king Roboam forsook the counsel of the old men,
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is qâsheh (“hard”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- What does “hard” (qâsheh) contribute to the verse as a whole?
- How does Genesis 42:7, which shares the word «hard», read alongside this verse?
- What does the repetition of “king” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
- These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
- «וַיַּעֲנֵ֥ם» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
- Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?
Things to notice
- This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 15 Greek words.
- These translations choose different wording for 9 words in this verse.
- “king” occurs 2× in this single verse.
- 8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on 2 Chronicles 10:13 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.