1 Samuel 1:14

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Eli said to her, How long will you be drunken? put away your wine from you.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

Septuagint runs longer here — compare

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תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין

shâkar

H7937

“to be drunk”

Verb, Hithpael, Imperfect, 2nd Person, Feminine, Singular + Suffix, n

Appears 19× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 9:21

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 2388

to be or become drunk or drunken, be intoxicated - (Qal) to become drunken - (Piel) to make drunken, cause to be drunk - (Hiphil) to cause to be drunk - (Hithpael) to make oneself drunk

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10: words
10: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין to be drunk H7937 — appearing just 19 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין to be drunk H7937 occurs in 19 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

3 verbs
2 nouns
3 prepositions
2 particles

Verb forms

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר Qal · Sequential Imperfect
תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין Hithpael · Imperfect
הָסִ֥ירִי Hiphil · Imperative

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 16 words from the Hebrew and 29 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably longer here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Samuel 1:14 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Joshua 22:12–20 When the children of Israel heard of it, the whole congregation of the children of Israel gathered themselves together at Shiloh, to go up against them to war.
Job 8:2 "How long will you speak these things? Shall the words of your mouth be a mighty wind?
Job 11:14 If iniquity is in your hand, put it far away, Don't let unrighteousness dwell in your tents.
Job 22:23 If you return to the Almighty, you shall be built up, If you put away unrighteousness far from your tents.
Psalms 62:3 How long will you assault a man, Would all of you throw him down, Like a leaning wall, like a tottering fence?
Proverbs 4:24 Put away from yourself a perverse mouth. Put corrupt lips far from you.
Proverbs 6:9 How long will you sleep, sluggard? When will you arise out of your sleep?
Matthew 7:1–3 "Don't judge, so that you won't be judged.

Ephesians 4:25 Therefore, putting away falsehood, speak truth each one with his neighbor. For we are members one of another.
Ephesians 4:31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander, be put away from you, with all malice.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably longer than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 29 words vs World English Bible 16. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Samuel 1:14 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ עֵלִ֔י עַד מָתַ֖י תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין הָסִ֥ירִי אֶת יֵינֵ֖ךְ מֵעָלָֽיִךְ

Eli said to her, How long will you be drunken? put away your wine from you.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Samuel 1:14 Septuagint · lemma form

καί εἶπον αὐτός ὁ παιδάριον ηλι ἕως πότε μεθύω περιαἱρέω ὁ οἶνος σύ καί πορεύομαι ἐκ πρόσωπον κύριος

And the servant of Heli said to her, How long will you be drunken? take away your wine from you, and go out from the presence of the Lord.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וַאֲמַר לָהּ עֵלִי עַד אֵימָתַי אַתְּ מִשְׁתַּטְיָא הֲלָא תְפִיגִין יַת חַמְרִיךְ מִנָיִךְ:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Samuel 1:14 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Sa 1:14 And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

Ver. 14. How long wilt thou be drunken?] Eli sat there for the purpose to see good order observed: and seeing Hannah’s strange and uncouth gestures, knowing also that she was newly risen from a feast, he suspected that all was not well.

Put away thy wine from thee.] Go, sleep out thy drunkenness, and this alienation of thy mind, caused by a too liberal use of wine, which thou shouldst rather do, quam ut turpiter eructes coram Iehovah, than do on this sort.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Hebrew, thy wine.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(14) And Eli said unto her.—The LXX. or Septuagint attempts to soften the harshness of the high priest to Hannah by inserting before Eli the word “servant,” or “young man,” thus suggesting that the hard, unjust words were spoken by an attendant. But it is clear that the English Version represents the true text here, for in the next verse Hannah replies directly to Eli with the simple words “No, my lord.”

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Eli said unto her, how long wilt thou be drunken?.... What, every day drunk? what, continually in this wicked practice? when will it be stopped? for Eli might have observed on other days, and at other times, odd looks, and a strange behaviour in her, which he took for the effects of drinking too much wine: or how long will this drunken fit last? she had been a considerable time as he thought in it, and it was not gone off yet: the Targum is,"how long wilt thou behave like a fool, or a mad woman?''as drunken people generally do act, as if they were fools, or mad:

put away thy wine from thee; not as if she had any with her there to drink of, but he advises her, since it had such an effect upon her, to abstain from it, and wholly disuse it, and so break off such an habit and custom she had got into; or he would have her go home and sleep it out, and wait till she had digested it, and the strength of it was gone off, before she came to such a place of devotion and worship; from hence the Jews say (w) it may be learnt, that a drunken person ought not to pray.

(w) T. Bab. Beracot, fol. 31. 1.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Much. Heli’s "son or servant," (Greek: paidarion, according to the Septuagint) addressed these words to Anna. Her going to pray immediately after a feast, instead of taking recreation, increased the suspicion. (St. Chrysostom, hom. 1.) --- Salien (the year before Christ 1153) observes the many instances of patience which Anna exhibits on this occasion. (Haydock) --- She teaches us not to answer the unjust reproaches of our superiors with haughtiness. (Du Hamel)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Come not before the Lord in thy drunkenness, but go and sleep it out, and repent of this thy sin.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Radak

Rabbi David Kimhi (Radak)

Will you be drunk: Until when will you show yourself as if you were drunk; since you move the lips of your mouth, but your words are not heard.

Remove your wine: And sober up, since you appear like a drunkard and you do not act like other people who pray, who say their requests in a way that you can hear. And even though sometimes someone who prays says his words a little secretly, nevertheless he also yells out and prays some of his words. But you proceeded to pray so much, yet your voice was not heard. And from this, it appears that you are drunk. And Yonatan translated it [in the Targum] as, "Until when will you act foolishly; will you not temper the wine from yourself?"

Radak on the Tanakh — English translations: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash” (CC BY 4.0); “Rabbi Mike Feuer, Jerusalem Anthology” (CC BY 4.0); and “R. David Kimhi on the first book of Psalms, Translated by R.G. Finch, London, 1919” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 10 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is shâkar (“to be drunk”). The Greek Septuagint runs longer here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word shâkar carries the sense “to be drunk.” How does it shape the verse?
Genesis 9:21 shares the word «to be drunk» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
Compared with the Hebrew, the Septuagint runs longer here. What questions does that raise?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
The verb «וַיֹּ֤אמֶר» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Geneva Bible (1599) read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 10 Hebrew ↔ 18 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 14 words in this verse.
10 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 10 words in this verse.