1 Chronicles 12:19

1Ch 12:19 And there fell [some] of Manasseh to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle: but they helped them not: for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying, He will fall to his master Saul to [the jeopardy of] our heads.

Ver. 19. When he came with the Philistines, &c.] See on 1Sa 29:1-11.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

1Ch 12:19-20. They helped them not — That is, the Manassites here named, and the rest of David’s forces, to whom they had now joined themselves, did not help the Philistines in battle, as David had pretended to do. As he went to Ziklag — As he returned thither from the camp of the Philistines.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Or, on the jeopardy of our heads.

They came only to help David, and not to succor the Philistines, which were enemies to their country.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

there fell some of Manasseh--The period of their accession is fixed as the time when David came with the Philistines against Saul to battle.

but they helped them not--(See on Sa1 29:4).

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

(19) There fell.—The regular term for desertion of one cause for another (2Ki_25:11).

When he came with the Philistines.—(Comp. 1Sa_29:2-11.) This verse is a summary of the narrative of 1Sa_29:2 to 1Sa_30:1.

They helped them not.—David and his men helped not the Philistines. Perhaps the right reading is he helped them (‘azarâm), not they helped them (‘azarûm).

Upon advisement.—After deliberation (Pro_20:18).

To the jeopardy of our heads.—At the price of our heads (1Ch_11:19). By betraying us he will make his peace with his old master.

(19-22) The seven Manassite chieftains who went over to David on the eve of Saul’s last battle.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

19–22. Manassite Adherents

19. And there fell some of Manasseh] R.V. Of Manasseh aslo there fell away some.

when he came with the Philistines] See 1Sa_28:1-2; 1Sa_29:1-11.

but they helped them not] David’s men did not help the Philistines.

upon advisement] “After consideration”; lit. “by counsel.” Cp. 1Ch_21:12, “advise thyself.”

fall] R.V. fall away.

to the jeopardy of our heads] Rather, at the price of our heads. David once became son-in-law to Saul at the price of the lives of two hundred of the Philistines (1Sa_18:27); their lords here (in Chron.) express their dread lest David reconcile himself to Saul by some act of treachery and slaughter done against his present Philistine patrons; cp. 1Sa_29:4 (“with” = “at the price of”).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

For at that time, day by day, there came to David to help him,.... Particularly after the defeat of Saul by the Philistines, unto the time that David came to Hebron:

until it was a great host, like the host of God; the heavenly host, the angels; so the Targum.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Fight. They joined him after he had left the Philistines. (Calmet) --- But he. Hebrew, "they helped them not." Neither David nor his partizans were involved in this danger, which might have caused their fidelity to be suspected, 1 Kings xxix. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

They helped them not, i.e. the Manassites here named, and the rest of David’s forces, to whom they had now joined themselves, did not help the Philistines in battle, as David had pretended to do.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

19. There fell some of Manasseh to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul — On David’s connexion with this war, see 1Sa_28:1-2; 1Sa_29:1-11. As the march with the Philistines led David through the territory of Manasseh, it was easy for members of this tribe to join him as he returned to Ziklag.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

And there fell of Manasseh to David. Of this use of Al lp"n; there are many other examples (2Ch_15:9; Jer_37:14; 39:9). The phrase does not correspond with our own idiom of "falling to" one"s lot, but with that of" falling away" from the service or love of one to another, i.e. deserting. The occasion hero spoken of is described in full in 1Sa_29:2-11.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

For at that time, day by day, there came to David to help him,.... Particularly after the defeat of Saul by the Philistines, unto the time that David came to Hebron:

until it was a great host, like the host of God; the heavenly host, the angels; so the Targum.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

deserted to

"left their leaders to join"

He will desert to his master Saul

"He will stop fighting with us and fight for his master Saul"

Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai

These are the names of men. (See: How to Translate Names)

captains over thousands of Manasseh

This means that each of these men led groups of a thousand soldiers in the tribe of Manasseh. AT: "each a captain over 1,000 men in the tribe of Manasseh" (See: Numbers)

translationWords

Manasseh

Philistines

Saul (OT)

lord

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

And a spirit enwrapped Amasai - Heb. רוּחַ, talent, a will or desire, not a spirit of prophecy; i.e., this desire and will enwrapped him so that he sprang first to speak before the sons of Benjamin and Judah who came with him. A similar instance is (Jud. 11:29): “And a spirit of the Lord was upon Jephthah” and he said: To you, David You say, “Have you come to me in peace?” We have surely come to you in peace. and with you, O son of Jesse We wish to be with you and at your assistance.

peace, peace to you and peace to your helper And you ask me to help you? We have surely come to help you, but you need not thank us because it is from the Lord, and that is the meaning of “for your God has helped you.”

and David received them those sons of Benjamin and placed them at the head of his troop.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.