(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);
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The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
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(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);
(For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled;)
for all these abominations the men of the land who to your faces have done, and the land became unclean.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);
For the men who were in the land before you committed all these abominations, and the land has become defiled.
For the men who were in the land before you committed all these abominations, and the land has become defiled.
(For all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled;)
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land is defiled);
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled;)
(For all these abominations haue the men of the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled:
For all these detestable things the inhabitants of the land have done, that; were before you, and have defiled it.
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done who `are' before you, and the land is defiled),
for the men of the land who [are] before you have done all these abominations and the land is defiled,
For this is the wickedness that the people in the land have committed, those who lived here before you, and now the land is defiled.
for all these abominations the men of the land who to your faces have done, and the land became unclean.
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, who were before you, and the land hath been made unclean);
(for the men of the land that were before you had done all these abominations, and the land became defiled),
(For all these abominations have the men of the land done, who were before you, and the land is defiled;)
The people who lived in the land before you practiced all these disgusting things, and the land became polluted.
(For all these disgusting things were done by the men of this country who were there before you, and the land has been made unclean by them;)
for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land is defiled —
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
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These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
Notable vocabulary
The rarest word here is הָאֵ֔ל these H411 — appearing just 9 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.
Shared distinctive vocabulary
הָאֵ֔ל these H411 occurs in 9 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
Verb forms
Repetition
A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 20 words from the Hebrew and 19 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 12 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Topical passages linked to Leviticus 18:27 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
כִּ֚י אֶת כָּל הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֣ת הָאֵ֔ל עָשׂ֥וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וַתִּטְמָ֖א הָאָֽרֶץ
(for all these abominations have the men of the land done, that were before you, and the land became defiled);
World English Bible · Public Domain
πᾶς γάρ ὁ βδέλυγμα οὗτος ποιέω ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ γῆ ὁ εἰμί πρότερος σύ καί μιαίνω ὁ γῆ
(for all these abominations the men of the land did who were before you, and the land was defiled,)
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
אֲרֵי יָת כָּל תּוֹעֶבְתָּא הָאִלֵין עֲבָדוּ אֱנָשֵׁי אַרְעָא דִי קֳדָמֵיכוֹן וְאִסְתָּאָבַת אַרְעָא
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
אֲרוּם יַת תּוֹעֵיבְתָּא הָאִילֵין עָבָדוּ אִינְשֵׁי אַרְעָא דִקְדָמֵיכוֹן וְאִסְתְּאָבַת אַרְעָא
For these abominable things have been done by the men of the land who have been before you, so that the land hath been polluted:
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Leviticus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 12 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼêl (“these”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Commentary
Notes on Leviticus 18:27 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Ibn Ezra
Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra
Ibn Ezra on the Tanakh — English translations: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “Yalkut, Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009” (CC BY 4.0); and “Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.